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706 results for “protected area.”
FIGURE 6 in A review of the biological diversity and distribution of small mammal taxa in the terrestrial ecoregions and protected areas of Nepal 3072
FIGURE 6. Lateral outlines of the skulls (from top to bottom) of Myotis sp. (MCZ 32977) from Nepal; M. mystacinus (HZM 25.35972) from Shan State, Myanmar; M. siligorensis (HZM 11.36227) from Meghalaya, India; M. csorbai (HNHM 97.2.4) from 4 km. E. of Syangja, Nepal; and M. muricola (HZM 18.31749) from Pu Mat Reserve, Vietnam.
FIGURE 4 in A review of the biological diversity and distribution of small mammal taxa in the terrestrial ecoregions and protected areas of Nepal 3072
FIGURE 4. Lateral (l) and ventral (v) X-ray images of the skull and mandible of MCZ 32977 (Myotis sp.).
Spatial segregation between wild ungulates and livestock outside protected areas in the lowlands of Nepal
<p>Understanding how wildlife interacts with human activities across non-protected areas are critical for conservation. This is especially true for ungulates that inhabit human-dominated landscapes outside the protected area system in Nepal, where wildlife often coexist with livestock. Here we investigated how elevation, agricultural land, distance from roads, and the relative abundance of livestock influenced wild ungulate (chital (<i>Axis axis</i>), nilgai, barking deer (<i>Muntiacus muntjak</i>), wild boar (<i>Sus scrofa</i>) and sambar (<i>Rusa unicolor</i>)) abundance and occurrence. We counted all individuals of wild ungulates and livestock along 35 transects conducted between November 2017 and March 2018 in Bara and Rautahat forests in the lowlands of Nepal. We assessed abundance and occurrence relation to covariates using Generalized Linear Models. We found that livestock outnumbered wild ungulates 6 to 1. Wild boar was the most abundant wild ungulate, followed by nilgai, chital, barking deer and sambar. We found that elevation and livestock abundance were the most important covariates affecting the overall abundance of wild ungulates and the distribution of each individual ungulate species. Our results suggest spatial segregation between wild ungulates, which occur mainly on highlands, and livestock that concentrate across lowland habitats. Our results provide critical information to improve conservation in community forest areas of Nepal, where wildlife interacts with people and their livestock. Finding better strategies to allow the coexistence of ungulates with people and their livestock is imperative if they are to persist into the future.</p>
An invasive species erodes the performance of coastal wetland protected areas
<p><span>The world has increasingly relied upon protected areas (PAs) to rescue highly valued ecosystems from human activities, but whether PAs will fare well with bioinvasions remains unknown. By analyzing three decades of seven largest coastal PAs in China, including multiple World Natural Heritage and/or Wetlands of International Importance sites, we show that although PAs are achieving success in rescuing iconic wetlands and critical shorebird habitats from once widespread reclamation, this success is counteracted by escalating plant invasions. Plant invasions were not only more extensive in PAs than non-PA controls, but also undermined PA performance by, without human intervention, irreversibly replacing expansive native wetlands (primarily mudflats), and precluding successional formation of new native marshes. Exotic species are invading PAs globally. This rare study across large spatiotemporal scales highlights that the consequences of bioinvasions for humanity's major conservation tool may be more profound, far-reaching and critical for management than currently recognized. </span></p>
Data for: Time at risk: Individual spatial behaviour drives effectiveness of marine protected areas and fitness
<p>The effectiveness of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) depends on the mobility of the populations that are the target of protection, with sedentary species likely to spend more time under protection even within small MPAs. However, little is understood about how individual variation in mobility may influence the risk of crossing an MPA border, as well as the fitness costs associated with being exposed to spillover fisheries. Here we investigated the repeatability of spatial behaviour, its role in determining the probability of being at risk (i.e. exposed to the fishery) and the fitness consequences for the individuals. We acoustically tracked the movements and fate of 282 individuals of three fish species during 8 years in a southern Norwegian fjord. We found that for individuals with a home range centroid inside the MPA, the probability of being at risk outside the MPA increased rapidly with reduced distance from the home range centroid to MPA borders, particularly for individuals having larger and more dispersed home ranges. We also detected that the seasonal expansions of the home range are associated with increased time at risk. Last, we show that individuals spending more time at risk were also more likely to be harvested by the fishery operating outside the MPA. Our study provides clear links between individual fish behaviour, fisheries-induced selection, and the effectiveness of protected areas. These links highlight the importance of intraspecific trait variation for understanding the spatial dynamics of populations and emphasize the need to consider individual behaviour when designing and implementing MPAs.</p>
FIGURES 9A–C, E–G. Brachistosternus llullaillaco n in Two new scorpion species from protected areas in Antofagasta Region, Chile (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae, Brachistosternus)
FIGURES 9A–C, E–G. Brachistosternus llullaillaco n. sp. A. Telson, male, lateral aspect; B. Telson, female, lateral aspect; C. Metasomal segments I and II, ventral aspect; E. Metasomal segment V, male, dorsal aspect; F. Metasomal segment V, male, ventral aspect; G. Metasomal segment V, male, lateral aspect. D, H. Brachistosternus kovariki. D. Metasomal segments I and II, ventral aspect; H. Metasomal segment V, male, lateral aspect. Scale bars: 1mm.
FIGURES 8A–G. Brachistosternus llullaillaco n in Two new scorpion species from protected areas in Antofagasta Region, Chile (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae, Brachistosternus)
FIGURES 8A–G. Brachistosternus llullaillaco n. sp. A. Left pedipalp chela, male, internal aspect; B. Left pedipalp chela, male, dorsal aspect; C. Left pedipalp chela, male, external aspect; D. Left pedipalp chela, male, ventral aspect; E. Left pedipalp chela, female, ventrointernal aspect; F. Left pedipalp patella, male, external aspect. G. Left pedipalp femur, male, dorsal aspect. White circles mark the position of each trichobothrium. Scale bars: 1mm.
FIGURES 6A–D in Two new scorpion species from protected areas in Antofagasta Region, Chile (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae, Brachistosternus)
FIGURES 6A–D. Left hemispermatophore of Brachistosternus species herein described. A, B. Brachistosternus chimba n. sp. A. Internal aspect. B. External aspect. C, D. Brachistosternus llullaillaco n. sp. C. Internal aspect. D. External aspect. Scale bars: 1mm.
FIGURES 7A–D. Brachistosternus llullaillaco n in Two new scorpion species from protected areas in Antofagasta Region, Chile (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae, Brachistosternus)
FIGURES 7A–D. Brachistosternus llullaillaco n. sp., habitus. A. Male, dorsal aspect; B. Male, ventral aspect; C. Female, dorsal aspect; D. Female, ventral aspect. Scale bars: 1 cm.
FIGURES 2A–F in Two new scorpion species from protected areas in Antofagasta Region, Chile (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae, Brachistosternus)
FIGURES 2A–F. Living specimens and type localities of Brachistosternus species herein described. A. Brachistosternus chimba n. sp.; B. Couple of Brachistosternus llullaillaco n. sp. mating under UV light; C. Llullalillaco Volcano, type locality of Brachistosternus llullaillaco n. sp.; D. Brachistosternus llullaillaco n. sp.; E, F. La Chimba National Reserve, type locality of Brachistosternus chimba n. sp., E. Internal area in La Chimba ravine, F. Eastern external area facing the Chilean Coast Range.
FIGURE 1 in Two new scorpion species from protected areas in Antofagasta Region, Chile (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae, Brachistosternus)
FIGURE 1. Distribution map of Brachistosternus chimba n. sp. (white circles), and Brachistosternus llullaillaco n. sp (white triangles); SNASPE: National System of Protected Wild Areas (by its acronym in Spanish).
FIGURES 5A–G. Brachistosternus chimba n in Two new scorpion species from protected areas in Antofagasta Region, Chile (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae, Brachistosternus)
FIGURES 5A–G. Brachistosternus chimba n. sp. A. Telson, male, lateral aspect; B. Telson, female, lateral aspect; C. Telotarsus III, internal margin; D. Telotarsus IV, internal margin; E. Right pecten, male, ventral aspect; F. Metasomal segment V, male, ventral aspect; G. Metasomal segment V, male, dorsal aspect. Scale bars: 1mm.
FIGURES 4A–G. Brachistosternus chimba n in Two new scorpion species from protected areas in Antofagasta Region, Chile (Scorpiones, Bothriuridae, Brachistosternus)
FIGURES 4A–G. Brachistosternus chimba n. sp. A. Right pedipalp chela, male, internal aspect; B. Right pedipalp chela, male, dorsal aspect; C. Right pedipalp chela, male, external aspect; D. Right pedipalp chela, male, ventral aspect; E. Right pedipalp chela, female, internal aspect; F. Right pedipalp patella, male, external aspect. G. Right pedipalp femur, male, dorsal aspect. White circles mark the position of each trichobothrium. Scale bars: 1mm.
Current and future plant invasions in protected areas: Does clonality matter?
<p><b>Aim: </b>Protected areas (PAs) play an important role in biodiversity conservation, but remain increasingly threatened by invasive alien plant species (IAPS) in conjunction with global climate change. The latter is modifying the distribution of the former, and the magnitude and direction of distributional changes are predicted to vary depending on species dispersal mode. Here we address the question of whether clonality is expected to affect the future invasion pattern in PAs.</p> <p><b>Location: </b>World-wide.</p> <p><b>Time period: </b>1950–2100.</p> <p><b>Major taxa studied:</b> 36 invasive alien plant species</p> <p><b>Methods: </b>We used ensembles of three species distribution models (GLM, GAM and Maxent) based on > 70,000 occurrence records to project the distribution of 36 of the world's most invasive clonal and non-clonal plants in > 20,000 PAs. Projections were based on three greenhouse gas concentration scenarios (low, medium and high) for 2080.</p> <p><b>Results: </b>Climate change showed little impact on the global invasion pattern in PAs and clonality showed little effect when all biomes were processed in concert. However, we discerned that the future invasion risk of clonal IAPS markedly increased in biomes located at high elevation and high latitude compared to non-clonal IAPS, while the risk decreased in lower-elevation tropical and subtropical biomes where asexual reproduction may be a less successful trait. We also showed that invasion hotspots overlapped with biodiversity hotspots and two realms (i.e., Nearctic and Palearctic), which calls for bridging the gap between invasion and conservation sciences and for more concerted management strategies.</p> <p><b>Main conclusions:</b> We suggest that effective management of IAPS in PAs should consider in which biomes PAs are located as well as the reproductive traits of IAPS that are present or may become so.</p>
FIGURE 5 in Vascular flora of Zarrin-Kuh Protected Area in Central Kopet Dagh Mountains, NE Iran: An annotated checklist
FIGURE 5. The life-form spectrum in the flora of ZPA. Ch: chamaephytes, Ge: geophytes, He: hemicryptophytes, Ph: phanerophytes, and Th: therophytes.
FIGURE 3 in Vascular flora of Zarrin-Kuh Protected Area in Central Kopet Dagh Mountains, NE Iran: An annotated checklist
FIGURE 3. Selected rare and threatened vascular plants of ZPA in their habitats: A: Onosma khorassanica, a critically endangered and endemic species restricted to a small habitat in the southern part of ZPA, B: Cephalorhizum turcomanicum, an endangered and rare species on marl hills, C: Ferula hyrcana, an endangered and medicinal plant found on stony substrates in the northern parts of the area, d: Ferula latisecta, an endangered and medicinal species growing on clay and marl hills, E: Atraphaxis intricata, a vulnerable and endemic species found on marl hills, F: Acanthophyllum diaphanopterum, a vulnerable and endemic plant on clay and marl hills of the southern parts, and G: Jurinea catharinae, a vulnerable and endemic species on southern foothills of the area (Photos by M.S. Amiri).
FIGURE 1 in Vascular flora of Zarrin-Kuh Protected Area in Central Kopet Dagh Mountains, NE Iran: An annotated checklist
FIGURE 1. The geographical position of Zarrin-Kuh Protected Area (ZPA). A: Map of Khorassan-Kopet Dagh floristic province in northeastern Iran and partly in southern Turkmenistan; B: Topographic map of Central Kopet Dagh Mountains with the geographical position of ZPA in the northern lower mountains, and Tandooreh National Park (TNP), Tandooreh Protected Area (TPA), and Dorbadam Protected Area (DPA) in the higher mountains.
The largest fully protected marine area in North America does not harm industrial fishing
<p>This repository stores code to support findings for a submitted manuscript titled “The largest fully protected marine area in North America does not harm industrial fishing”. We provide here instruction to replicate the analysis over sample raw data and reproduce the results presented in the manuscript and in the supplementary materials.</p> <p>The readme file is structured in two main chapters:</p> <ol> <li> <p>Replicate the data: explains how data pre-processing occurs and raw data sources.</p> </li> <li> <p>Reproduce the results: explains how manuscript analysis, results, and figures are generated.</p> </li> </ol>
FIGURE 20. Hymeniacidon fusiformis. A in The Sponges of the Carmel Pinnacles Marine Protected Area
FIGURE 20. Hymeniacidon fusiformis. A: field photo. B: cross-section at sponge surface. C: ectosomal skeleton. D: oxea. All images of holotype.
FIGURE 19 in The Sponges of the Carmel Pinnacles Marine Protected Area
FIGURE 19. Halichondria loma. Field photos of holotype (A) and SBMNH700925 (B). C: oxea from IZC00048442. D: crosssection and E: surface skeleton, both from SBMNH700914.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.