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1,610 results for “ratio”
Dataset BD "Inflammation Biomarkers in Blood as Mortality Predictors in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Admitted Patients: Importance of comparison with Neutrophil Count Percentage or Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio."
<p>Dataset of the article tittled: <strong>Inflammation Biomarkers in Blood as Mortality Predictors in Community-Acquired Pneumonia Admitted Patients: Importance of comparison with Neutrophil Count Percentage or Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio.</strong></p> <p> </p>
Global patterns and drivers of dissolved organic matter across Earth systems: Insights from H/C and O/C ratios
<p>Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is ubiquitous and contains a complex pool of thousands of distinct molecules, and their chemical characteristics help us inform the fate of global carbon. Yet, a more holistic perspective of molecular characteristics of DOM and underlying mechanisms across Earth systems and climates remain understudied. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the molecular characteristics of DOM using two abundance-weighted average indices, i.e., H/C and O/C ratios by compiling 2,995 samples from 317 studies covering the waters, land, plant, petroleum, and atmosphere systems, and the climatic regions from tropics to tundra. H/C ratios are lower on average in waters (H/C = 1.15 ± 0.005) and land (H/C = 1.20 ± 0.010) than the other systems, while their O/C ratios rank between plant and atmosphere. In the waters and land systems, the H/C ratios of DOM vary from the highest to the lowest in the habitats of land-to-ocean continuum generally as snow > glacier > marine ≥ freshwater/soil > groundwater. The H/C ratios show predictably U-shaped patterns along latitudinal gradients indicating the lowest abundance of more hydrogen saturated molecules at around mid-latitudes of 40°-50° in river water, lake water, and forest soil. The two ratios are primarily controlled by the environmental factors such as pH, dissolved oxygen, and carbon and nitrogen contents. We further unveil additional and considerable links between the ratios and the extremes of climatic factors such as precipitation of warmest quarter and maximum temperature of warmest month. Our synthesis provides molecular-level perspectives to characterize the global distribution and underlying drivers of DOM, which is complementary for our understanding global carbon cycle's processes under future global change.</p>
Mixing ratios of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) in the upper troposphere
<p>The dataset contains observations of of sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) in the upper troposphere. Measurements were performed with gas chromatopgraphy coupled with electron capture detectors either employing airborne fast in-situ onboard instrumentation or offline post-flight analysis based on airborne flask sample collection. Mixing ratios are reported on the WMO X2014 scale. Accompanying data comprise measurements of maxing ratios of carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Data were attributed to the upper troposphere (as opposed to the lowermost stratosphere) based on these three compounds as decribed in </p><p><strong>Schuck, T. J., Degen, J., Hintsa, E., Hoor, P., Jesswein, M., Keber, T., Kunkel, D., Moore, F., Obersteiner, F., Rigby, M., Wagenhäuser, T., Western, L. M., Zahn, A., and Engel, A.: The interhemispheric gradient of SF6 in the upper troposphere, EGUsphere [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-1824, 2023</strong>. </p><p>Observations were performed during the following aircraft research missions:</p><p><strong>IAGOS-CARIBIC (CARIBIC-2), http://www.caribic-atmospheric.com/ (instrument caribic_lab_GC_ECD)</strong><br><strong>HALO (A-DLR) missions TACTS (2012) and SouthTRAC (2019) (instrument ghost_ecd)</strong><br><strong>NASA Atmospheric Tomography Mission (ATom), https://espo.nasa.gov/atom/content/ATom, (instrument atom_ucats)</strong><br><strong>HIAPER Pole-to-Pole Observations (HIPPO), https://www.eol.ucar.edu/content/about-hippo, (instrument hippo_ucats)</strong></p><p> </p>
DATASET: Isotope Ratios, Carbon and Nitrogen Concentrations, and Phytoplankton Composition Data from the ACE Expedition
<p>This dataset represents the averaged observations derived from the Antarctic Circumnavigation Expedition (ACE - 2016/2017) and has been utilized for the analyses presented in the publication: "A circum-Antarctic plankton isoscape: Carbon export potential across the summertime Southern Ocean". It encompasses a comprehensive suite of biogeochemical measurements, specifically the isotopic ratios (δ13C, δ15N) and concentrations of carbon and nitrogen in Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM). Additionally, it includes data from High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analyses (i.e., Total Chl-a and fractions of pico-, nano-, and micro-phytoplankton).</p><p>This dataset also contains the outputs of our calculations based on the two-endmember isotope mixing model (Fawcett et al., 2011), complemented by the Rayleigh model (Mariotti et al., 1981) to deduce the fraction of phytoplankton biomass originating from new nitrogen source (New Production).</p>
Fig. 9 Spawninc potential ratio curves for male O in Risikobegrenzung im Forderungsmanagement
Fig. 9 Spawninc potential ratio curves for male O. stewartii under different harvestinc stratecies. Please refer to Table 2 for the correspondinc harvestinc stratecies. The dashed-dotted-dotted blue and dashed-dotted red lines represent SPR at 25 and 40 %, respectivelu
Fig. 3 Yield per recruit and spawninc potential ratio curves for O in Risikobegrenzung im Forderungsmanagement
Fig. 3 Yield per recruit and spawninc potential ratio curves for O. stewartii bu sex. Yield per recruit and spawninc potential ratio curves for O. stewartii bu sex under a rance of fishinc mortalitu rates and the current harvestinc stratecu of the first ace at capture at 5 uears and no closed season. The dashed-dotted-dotted blue and dashed-dotted red lines represent SPR at 25 and 40 %, respectivelu
Comparative Evaluation of Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference and Waist-To-Hip Ratio as Correlates of Glucose Intolerance among Rural Dwellers in Nigeria
<p>This research investigates the comparative efficacy of Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), and Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) as correlates of glucose intolerance among rural dwellers in Nigeria. Conducted as a descriptive cross-sectional study in Oyo State, Nigeria, the research involved adults aged 18 years and above. The study employed a multi-stage cluster sampling technique, selecting participants from rural communities. Exclusion criteria included pregnant women and those with known diabetes or medications affecting glucose metabolism. Anthro-pometric indices and blood glucose levels were determined using Hanson's weighing scale, a meter rule, and biochemical auto-analyzers. The BMI, WC, and WHR were utilized to assess obesity and abdominal adiposity. Blood glucose levels were measured for fasting and 2-hour post-prandial samples. Data analysis involved descriptive statistics and chi-square tests using SPSS version 26. Results from the study revealed demographic characteristics and medical history of participants. Findings indicated a significant association between anthropometric parameters and gender. Notably, WHR exhibited a strong correlation with glucose intolerance, emphasizing its potential as a predictor. The study also presented the correlation of BMI, WC, and WHR with blood glucose levels, categorizing participants into different risk groups based on these indices. This research contributes valuable insights into the effectiveness of BMI, WC, and WHR in predicting glucose intolerance among rural dwellers in Nigeria. The findings underscore the importance of tailored interventions for specific populations, considering regional variations in health determinants. Future research can build upon these results to develop targeted strategies for diabetes prevention and management in rural communities.</p>
Microstructure and mechanical properties of mechanically-alloyed CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys using low ball-to-powder ratio
<p>The main issue of this work was to analyse the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of FCC high entropy alloy (HEA) when BPR (ball-to-powder ratio) was limited to 5:1. The motivation of our work is to increase the amount of milled fraction without losing efficiency of the milling process. Nowadays many papers describe HEAs by using powder metallurgy processes, but higher BPR is used. In consequence less amount of powder is milled in one period and the process is not effective enough from the industrial point of view.</p> <p>In this work four equiatomic CoCrFeNi samples were made by Mechanical Alloying plus Spark Plasma Sintering using different milling times: 10, 20, 30, 40 hours. We used 200 Φ5 mm WC balls and milled with intervals 15:15 minutes. Milling speed was 250 rpm. After the mechanical alloying has been finished samples were sintered by using Spark Plasma Sintering technique. We chose 950 °C as a process temperature with heating rate 100 °C/min. Sintering pressure was 50 MPa. Samples were then homogenise in 1050 °C for 12 hours. Then samples were water quenched.</p> <p>The densification of samples during sintering was in satisfied level, what was confirmed by relative densities of samples (>90 %) The microstructure observation of sintered samples revealed Cr-rich particles evenly distributed in samples volume. The number of particles decreases with increasing the milling time. Elements are randomly distributed in the matrix phase except a small Cr-depletion. XRD technique shows multiple FCC structure. As the milling time exceeds, the main FCC structure is promoted. Microhardness increased as a function of milling time. After annealing microstructures were almost out of Cr-rich phase. Only the biggest particles remained. EBSD revealed the grain size decrement as a function of milling time. Also X-ray diffractograms presented significant homogenisation of manufactured samples. Despite the microhardness decrease after heat treatment, the longest milled sample still possess very promising properties. Moreover hardness of samples is not indent’s size dependent (micro- and nanohardness).</p> <p>During milling time the particles are joining and fracturing many times. As a consequence elements are mixing and promoting the new phase(s) growing. We deduced that Hall-Petch effect is the most important factor determining better mechanical properties in longer milled samples. However the milling process need to be improvement. Cr-rich phase observed in sintered samples is the effect of low efficiency of the process, which might be improved by either smaller fraction of Cr at the beginning (premilling process) or increase the other process parameters (milling speed, sintering time).</p>
Lunar PSR catalog: Area, Length, Slope, H/L ratio
<p>Catalog of lunar northern and southern PSRs with length, area, H/L ratio, and slope measurements. </p>
Data sharing of: Sulfur inventory of the young lunar mantle constrained by experimental sulfide saturation of Chang'e-5 mare basalts and a new sulfur solubility model for silicate melts in equilibrium with sulfides of variable metal–sulfur ratio
<p>Data sharing of: Sulfur inventory of the young lunar mantle constrained by experimental sulfide saturation of Chang’e-5 mare basalts and a new sulfur solubility model for silicate melts in equilibrium with sulfides of variable metal–sulfur ratio</p>
Embryo to seed length ratio and embryo to seed surface ratio data
<p>To demonstrate the bias of data availability towards non-tropical species, we compiled data on embryo length to seed length ratio and embryo to seed surface ratio for 1295 spermatophyte species. These data were obtained mainly from pictures or drawings available in the main literature sources dealing with the internal morphology of seeds (e.g., Martin, 1946; RBG Kew, 2021 [SID]; Watson & Dallwitz, 1992) and from measurements on living material (Vandelook et al., 2012; Vandelook et al., 2021). Care was taken that the measurements were taken on transversal sections of seeds at the moment of ripeness, which had maximal embryo surface area. The embryo to seed length ratio was calculated by measuring total embryo length and dividing this by the length of the seed, measured from the inside of the seed coat, along the longest axis. The embryo to seed surface area was calculated by dividing the embryo area by the area of the embryo plus endosperm and perisperm. In case of curved or coiled embryos, the lengths of different segments were summed. All occurrence coordinates for these species were downloaded from GBIF (GBIF download DOI:10.15468/dl.mat4zv). Using these coordinates, we calculated the percentage of occurrences in the tropics (between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn) and outside of the tropics for each species. Duplicate coordinates within a species were removed prior to calculation.</p>
Distribution. Angola, DR Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia. Description. Head-body 46:5-47-8 cm (males), 44-45-5 cm (females), tail 40-43 cm (males), 38-39 cm (females), hindfoot 8:7-9-8 cm (males), 8-9 cm (females), ear 4-7-5-4 cm (males), 5-1-5-8 cm (females); weight 1-3-2 kg. The coat color is pale ocher, with brownish or grayish tones; melanistic individuals are quite common. The throat and chest are blackish, and the ventral pelage varies from creamy white to dirty white. The stripes and spots on the body vary from different hues of brown to black. The nuchal stripes run as two parallel lines from the nape to the shoulders, where they diverge and enlarge towards the elbows; they are not so conspicuously marked as in other genet species. Below them, a pair of thinner stripes and small spots are scattered on the shoulders and sides of the neck. A third pair of thinner, parallel stripes runs down the neck between the nuchal stripes, extending to about one fourth of the mid-dorsal line, where they vanish or diverge as the first row of flank spots. The black mid-dorsal line is continuous and is flanked on each side by four rows of oblong to squared spots, and by a few small-scattered spots below. There is a dorsal erectile crest. The face has a dark mask and a pair of white sub-ocular spots. The tail has seven to nine black rings, alternating with pale rings; the intervening white spaces are pigmented with a brownish tinge on the dorsal midline. The width of the pale rings relative to the dark rings in the middle of the tail is 50-75%; the tip of the tail is dark. The hindlimbs and forelimbs are black; there are white hairs on the metacarpals and metatarsals. [he posterior parts of the feet are dark. There are two pairs of teats. The posterior chamber of the auditory bulla is not ventrally inflated and has a continuous curve line on the external side. The ratio between the inter-orbital constriction and frontal width is 1-00 + 0-12. Dental formula: 13/3, C1/1,P 4/4, M 2/2 = 40. in Viverridae
Distribution. Angola, DR Congo, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia. Description. Head-body 46:5-47-8 cm (males), 44-45-5 cm (females), tail 40-43 cm (males), 38-39 cm (females), hindfoot 8:7-9-8 cm (males), 8-9 cm (females), ear 4-7-5-4 cm (males), 5-1-5-8 cm (females); weight 1-3-2 kg. The coat color is pale ocher, with brownish or grayish tones; melanistic individuals are quite common. The throat and chest are blackish, and the ventral pelage varies from creamy white to dirty white. The stripes and spots on the body vary from different hues of brown to black. The nuchal stripes run as two parallel lines from the nape to the shoulders, where they diverge and enlarge towards the elbows; they are not so conspicuously marked as in other genet species. Below them, a pair of thinner stripes and small spots are scattered on the shoulders and sides of the neck. A third pair of thinner, parallel stripes runs down the neck between the nuchal stripes, extending to about one fourth of the mid-dorsal line, where they vanish or diverge as the first row of flank spots. The black mid-dorsal line is continuous and is flanked on each side by four rows of oblong to squared spots, and by a few small-scattered spots below. There is a dorsal erectile crest. The face has a dark mask and a pair of white sub-ocular spots. The tail has seven to nine black rings, alternating with pale rings; the intervening white spaces are pigmented with a brownish tinge on the dorsal midline. The width of the pale rings relative to the dark rings in the middle of the tail is 50-75%; the tip of the tail is dark. The hindlimbs and forelimbs are black; there are white hairs on the metacarpals and metatarsals. [he posterior parts of the feet are dark. There are two pairs of teats. The posterior chamber of the auditory bulla is not ventrally inflated and has a continuous curve line on the external side. The ratio between the inter-orbital constriction and frontal width is 1-00 + 0-12. Dental formula: 13/3, C1/1,P 4/4, M 2/2 = 40.
Pre-Treatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios as Predictors of Occult Cervical Metastasis in Clinically Negative Neck Supraglottic and Glottic Cancer
<p>I uploaded the dataset of the patient enrolled in the manuscript: Salzano, Giovanni, Francesco Perri, Fabio Maglitto, Giulia Togo, Gianluca R. De Fazio, Michela Apolito, Federica Calabria, Claudia Laface, Luigi A. Vaira, Umberto Committeri, Mario Balia, Ettore Pavone, Corrado Aversa, Francesco A. Salzano, Vincenzo Abbate, Alessandro Ottaiano, Marco Cascella, Mariachiara Santorsola, Roberta Fusco, Luigi Califano, and Franco Ionna. 2021. "Pre-Treatment Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratios as Predictors of Occult Cervical Metastasis in Clinically Negative Neck Supraglottic and Glottic Cancer" <em>Journal of Personalized Medicine</em> 11, no. 12: 1252. https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm11121252</p>
Relative traveltimes and amplitude ratios of seismic triplications for the four earthquakes in the southwestern Siberia and resulting best-fit LVL velocity models
<p>For details about the data, please see the published paper titled "A partial molten low-velocity layer atop the mantle transition zone beneath the western Junggar: implication for the formation of subduction-induced sub-slab mantle plume" in the journal G-Cubed.</p>
Lidar ratio–depolarization ratio relations of atmospheric dust aerosols: the T-matrix modeling and high spectral resolution polarization lidar observations
<p><strong>Data for publication:</strong></p> <p><em><strong>Lidar ratio–depolarization ratio relations of atmospheric dust aerosols: the T-matrix modeling and high spectral resolution polarization lidar observations.</strong></em></p> <p>Mail:</p> <p>sato@riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp </p> <p><a href="mailto:bilei@zju.edu.cn">bilei@zju.edu.cn</a></p>
Elasticity and damping ratio measurement of droplets on super-hydrophobic surfaces
<p>The elasticity of the droplet refers to the ability of the droplet in restoring to its original shape and ensuring its strong robustness. The measurement of the droplets' elasticity is vitally important in understanding the characteristics and mechanism of the droplet jumping, spreading, and coalescence. In this paper, we measured the elasticity and damping ratio of droplets with different viscosity. A plate coated with a hydrophobic layer pressed on a droplet, and the elastic force was recorded by an electronic balance. Meanwhile, a mathematical model was constructed to illustrate the change rate of the droplet area with the elastic force. By comparing the influence of volume and viscosity on elasticity, the results showed that work done by pressure converts into surface energy. And the elasticity of the droplet is provided by the surface tension and the damping ratio increases from 0.068 to 0.261.</p>
Extraordinarily precise nematode sex ratios: adaptive responses to vanishingly rare mating opportunities
<p><span>Sex ratio theory predicts both mean sex ratio and variance under a range of population structures. Here, we compare two genera of phoretic nematodes (<i>Parasitodiplogaster </i>and <i>Ficophagus </i>spp.) associated with twelve fig-pollinating wasp species in Panama. The host wasps exhibit classic Local Mate Competition: only inseminated females disperse from natal figs, and their offspring form mating pools that consist of scores of the adult offspring contributed by one or a few foundress mothers. In contrast, in both nematode genera only sexually undifferentiated juveniles disperse and their mating pools routinely consist of ten or fewer adults.</span> <span>Across all mating pool sizes, the sex ratios observed in both nematode genera are consistently female-biased (~0.34 males), which is markedly less female-biased than is often observed in the host wasps (~0.10 males). In further contrast with their hosts, variances in nematode sex ratios are also consistently precise (significantly less than binomial). The constraints associated with predictably small mating pools within highly subdivided populations appear to select for precise sex ratios that contribute both to the reproductive success of individual nematodes, and to the evolutionary persistence of nematode species. We suggest that some form of environmental sex determination underlies these precise sex ratios.</span></p>
Spatiotemporal variation in hatching success and nestling sex ratios track rapid movement of a songbird hybrid zone
<p>Hybridization often occurs at the parapatric range interface between closely related species, but fitness outcomes vary: hybrid offspring exhibit diverse rates of viability and reproduction when compared to their parental species. The mobile hybrid zone between two chickadee congeners ( Poecile atricapillus x P. carolinensis ) has been well studied behaviorally and genetically but the viability of hybrids, as well as the underlying mechanisms contributing to hybrid fitness, have remained unclear. To better characterize the fitness costs of hybridization in this system, we analyzed 21 years of data from four sites, including over 1,400 breeding attempts by the two species, to show that rates of hatching success changed substantially as the zone of hybridization moved across the landscape. Admixture-associated declines in hatching success correlated with reduced proportions of heterogametic (female) offspring as predicted by Haldane's rule. Our data support an underlying mechanism implicating genetic admixture of the homogametic (male) parent as the primary determinant of offspring sex ratio, via incompatibilities on the hemizygous Z chromosome. Our long-term study is the first to directly measure changes in fitness costs as a vertebrate hybrid zone moves, and it shows that changes in these costs are a way to track the distribution of a hybrid zone across the landscape.</p>
Propulsion of nano- and microcones by a traveling ultrasound wave: dependence on orientation and aspect ratio of the particles
<p>Supplementary data for the following manuscript: Johannes Voß, Raphael Wittkowski, "Propulsion of nano- and microcones by a traveling ultrasound wave: dependence on orientation and aspect ratio of the particles"</p>
Fig. 4 Femoral proportions and ratios with statistical results. A–D in The Tyrant Lizard King, Queen and Emperor: Multiple Lines of Morphological and Stratigraphic Evidence Support Subtle Evolution and Probable Speciation Within the North American Genus Tyrannosaurus
Fig. 4 Femoral proportions and ratios with statistical results. A–D Circumferences versus lengths with best fit curves and/or least area polygons, the large Tyrannosaurus data is included in all these plots, higher placement on plots indicates higher gracility. A Allosaurus. B Gorgosaurus (squares), Albertosaurus (diamonds). C All large Tyrannosaurus and all tyrannosaurids aside from those from the TT-zone, the smaller of the two polygons for the latter excludes specimens with femora below 250 mm long. D All large Tyrannosaurus and all other sampled theropods. E–H Lengths versus circumferences with best fit curves for all large Tyrannosaurus and the three species, higher placement on plots indicates more robusticity. I and J Femur proportional ratios and C-means and K-means analyses: note that these plots represent one-dimensional data on a two-dimensional coordinate plane, which is why the x and y axes are the same and the data follows a perfect y = x line; not an error in application of the clustering algorithms, it is the way the graphics software defaults to a two-dimensional plot in all cases
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.