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opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

Data from: Widespread bird species show idiosyncratic responses in residual body mass to selective logging and edge effects in the Colombian Western Andes

This dataset consists of banding data (N = 1589 captures, 129 bird species), including morphological and breeding biology measures, collected from understory birds in subtropical cloudforest at roughly 2000 m.a.s.l. in the municipality of El Cairo in Colombia's Western Andes (Serrania de los Paraguas range). Roughly 8,350 net hours were divided into two three-month field seasons (June-August 2017 and January-March 2018), both corresponding to local dry seasons. Birds were banded along 500-meter transects in forest interior across a gradient of forest fragment patch sizes (N = 8 fragments, area range = 10-173 ha) and a private ~750 ha reserve (Reserva Natural Cerro El Ingles) in the same landscape. Each non-hummingbird capture was fitted with an aluminum leg band with a unique combination, and we collected data on mass, tarsus length, wing chord, pectoral muscle score, cloacal protuberance and brood patch score, and age and sex (where possible due to plumage differences). We captured 101 species (including 6 boreal migrants) in 844 captures (53%) during the January-March sampling period and 102 species in 745 captures during the June-August sampling period; each site was sampled during both sampling periods. The most captured bird families were Trochilidae (24 spp., 36% of total captures), Thraupidae (17 spp.), Tyrannidae (16 spp.), Furnariidae (14 spp.), and Turdidae (6 spp.). A subset of these data (uploaded as a separate file) were used to calculate body condition indices for 20 species of commonly captured birds (N = 984 captures) that occured across much of the patch size gradient (at least 8 out of 14 transects), and were related to fragment area and measures of edge and selective logging effects (see Jones et al. 2022). In this file, we include all predictor variables necessary to run the generalized linear mixed models in Jones et al. (2022), including proportion forest cover within 1 km (a proxy for patch size), edge density, average distance to forest edge from the netting transect, average canopy cover and height along the transect, multivariate measures of understory plant density, large-diameter tree density, and vertical vegetation structure, elevation of each transect, and average yearly rainfall for each transect.

opencc-zeroDec 2021View details →

Data from: Pyrogeography across the western Palearctic: A diversity of fire regimes

We characterised fire regimes and estimated fire regime parameters (area burnt, size, intensity, season, patchiness, pyrodiversity) at broad spatial scales using remotely sensed individual-fire data. Specifically, we focused on the western part of the Palearctic realm, i.e., Europe, North Africa, and the Near East. We first divided the study area into eight large ecoregions based on their environment and vegetation (ecoregions): Mediterranean, Arid, Atlantic, Mountains, Boreal, Steppes, Continental, and Tundra. Then we intersected each ecoregion with individual-fire data obtained from remote sensing hotspots to estimate fire regime parameters for each environment. This allowed us to compute annual area burnt, fire size, fire intensity, fire season, fire patchiness, fire recurrence, and pyrodiversity for each ecoregion. We then related those fire parameters with the ecoregions' climate and analysed the temporal trends in fire size. The results suggest that fire regime parameters vary across different environments (ecoregions). The Mediterranean had the largest, most intense, and most recurrent fires, but the Steppes had the largest burnt area. Arid ecosystems had the most extended fire season, Tundra had the patchiest fires, and Boreal forests had the earliest fires of the year. The spatial variability in fire regimes was largely explained by the variability of climate and vegetation, with a tendency for greater fire activity in the warmer ecoregions. There was also a temporal tendency for fires to become larger during the last two decades, especially in Arid and Continental environments. In conclusion, fire regime characteristics of each ecoregion are unique, with a tendency for greater fire activity in warmer environments, and for increasingly large fires in recent decades.

opencc-zeroJul 2022View details →

The Atlas of mitochondrial genetic diversity for Western Palearctic butterflies

Abstract: Motivation Butterflies represent a model in biology and a flagship group for invertebrate conservation. We provide four new resources for the Western-Palearctic butterflies: 1) An updated checklist comprising 552 species; 2) a curated dataset of 32,129 mitochondrial COI sequences for 532 species, including a de novo reference library for the Maghreb (Morocco and northern Algeria and Tunisia) and Macaronesia (Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands); 3) seven indexes of intraspecific genetic variation (IGV): observed and expected number of haplotypes, haplotype and nucleotide diversity, two fixation indexes, and maximum p-distance; 4) species-level maps illustrating the distribution of COI variability and haplotype networks. The updated checklist will be fundamental for any application dealing with butterfly diversity in Western Palearctic. IGV indexes provide measures for genetic polymorphism and spatial structure and represent proxies for dispersal capacity. These resources will facilitate comparative studies of macrogenetics, will foster integrative taxonomy, and will aid conservation strategies. Main types of variables contained A complete species checklist in table format, 32,129 mitochondrial DNA-barcodes provided with metadata (species membership, WGS84 coordinates, sequence length), and a book in PDF format including the IGV atlas and indexes. Spatial location and grain The checklist encompasses Europe up to Urals in the east, north Macaronesia (Azores, Madeira and Canary Islands), as well as the Maghreb (Morocco and northern Algeria and Tunisia). DNA-barcodes have been retained in the geographic interval of -31.3–67.5 degrees of longitude and 27.5–71.2 degrees of latitude. Time period and grain DNA-barcodes originate from studies published between 1998-2022 and from de novo sequencing of 2,608 specimens done between 2007-2022. Major taxa and level of measurement Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea), analysed from individual to species level. Software format Data and functions to manage the dataset are provided in the iodatabase R package (<a href="https://github.com/leondap/iodatabase" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/leondap/iodatabase</a>) and in Dryad

opencc-zeroAug 2022View details →

Resource availability, competition, and the web structure of western black widows

This dataset originates from an experiment using black widow spiders (Latrodectus hesperus) originally collected from Davis, California, United-States and brought to the University of Arizona, where they were maintained under laboratory condition for 12 months. Spiders were then transferred to Pierre-Olivier Montiglio's laboratory in Montreal in Canada, where they were kept for a month prior to the experiment. During this time, spiders were housed in individual plastic containers (946 ml) at 23˚C ± 1.50 and 25 % humidity ± 8.94 with a photoperiod of 12h, and fed a single live house cricket (Acheta domesticus) every two weeks. Spiders were then fed for 8 weeks either a cricket every three weeks (Restricted treatment), a cricket every two weeks (Intermediate treatment), or a cricket every week (Ad libitum treatment) for 8 weeks. Each spider experienced each of the three food treatments in an order that was randomly determined. At the end of each 8-week food treatment, spiders were left to weave a web for a week in an individual standardized cardboard frame (31 x 17 x 24 cm). For each session of web construction, we monitored the structure of the web (i.e., proportion of structural threads over trap threads), body weight loss, and web weight. See Toupin et al. 2022 in Behavioral Ecology for further information on the data and the experiment. The experiment was designed and conducted by Louis-Philippe Toupin and Pierre-Olivier Montiglio. The data were organized and formatted for Dryad by Pierre-Olivier Montiglio.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2022View details →

Calibrated Western USA Noah-MP Parameter Set Forced by ERA5-WRF

These three files include the default (original) Noah-MP parameter set for the Western USA, and parameter sets based on calibration to daily streamflow data and monthly streamflow data.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2022View details →

Genetic Population Structure of the Waved Whelk (Buccinum undatum) in the western North Atlantic

R studio script files that includes original SNP data files used to determine the spatial genetic structure of Buccinum undatum in the western North Atlantic. Attached R-code is used to generate population genetic analyses, including a pairwise FST heatmap, principal component analyses, and admixture analyses.

opencc-zeroAug 2022View details →

Progress in understanding middle Eocene nassellarian (Radiolaria, Polycystinea) diversity; new insights from the western equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Middle Eocene deep-sea sediment sequences cored at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1260 (Leg 207; equatorial Atlantic Ocean), yielded diverse and abundant radiolarian faunas which are conducive to biostratigraphic and palaeoceanographic researchs, as well as to the study of radiolarian diversity dynamics during this epoch of dramatic climate changes. However, many species present in these sediments still have not been formally described and are therefore neglected in most biodiversity surveys. In an effort to improve the taxonomic resolution of middle Eocene radiolaria, 15 new species of nassellarian are described and illustrated. The species are: Cymaetron ? dilatatus n. sp., Eucyrtidium levisaltatrix n. sp. (Eucyrtidiidae), Siphocampe pollen n. sp., Spirocyrtis ? renaudiei n. sp. (Artostrobiidae), Pterocyrtidium eep n. sp. (Rhopalosyringiidae), Petalospyris cometa n. sp., Petalospyris castanea n. sp. (Cephalospyrididae), Velicucullus armatus n. sp. (Theophormididae), Lychnocanium nimrodi n. sp. (Lithochytrididae), Aphetocyrtis zamenhofi n. sp., Aphetocyrtis ? columboi n. sp., Aphetocyrtis ? spheniscus n. sp. (Lophocyrtiidae), Albatrossidium regis n. sp., Albatrossidium annikasanfilippoae n. sp. and Phormocyrtis lazari n. sp. (Pterocorythidae). Stratigraphic range data are provided for each new species, as well as the orbitally tuned ages for their first and last occurrences. In addition to these new species, we also illustrated and documented the stratigraphic distribution of three species described in early radiolarian studies and rarely reported since.

opencc-by-4.0Sep 2022View details →

Ice thickness and surface velocities for the manuscritpt Mass balance and stability of ice tongues in the Western Ross Sea

The data set contains: ICESat-2 derived point ice thickness for 9 ice tongues in csv format Surface average velocities derived from the ASF Vertex platform on demand HYP3 autoRIFT velocity product for 9 ice tongues.

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

Data from: Declining temperature and increasing moisture sensitivity of shrub growth in the Low-Arctic erect dwarf-shrub tundra of western Greenland

Evergreen dwarf shrubs respond swiftly to warming in the cool and dry High Arctic, but their response in the warmer Low Arctic, where they are expected to be outcompeted by taller species under future warming, remains to be clarified. Here, 12,528 annual growth increments, covering 122 years (1893-2014), were measured of 764 branches from 25 individuals of the evergreen dwarf shrub Cassiope tetragona from a Low-Arctic erect dwarf-shrub tundra site in western Greenland. In addition, branch initiation and mortality frequency time series were developed. The influence of seasonal climate and correspondence with fluctuations in regional normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), a satellite proxy for vegetation productivity, were studied. Summer temperatures were the main driver of growth, while winter temperatures were the main non-summer-climate driver. During past and recent warm episodes, shrub growth diverged from summer temperatures. In recent decades, early summer precipitation has become the main growth-limiting factor for some individuals, likely through micro-topography-determined soil moisture availability, and more than half of the shrubs studied became irresponsive to summer temperatures. There was correspondence between climatic drivers, C. tetragona growth and branch initiation frequency, and satellite-observed vegetation productivity, suggesting the area's shrub-dominated tundra vegetation is limited by similar climatic factors. Winter warming events were likely the predominant cause of branch mortality, while branching increased after years of poor growth and cooler-than-average summers. Synthesis: These findings show that the erect dwarf-shrub tundra in the Low Arctic has already and will likely become decreasingly temperature- and increasingly moisture-limited and that winter warming supports shrub growth, but increased extreme winter warming event frequency may increase branch mortality and vegetation damage. Such counter-acting mechanisms could offer an explanation for the vegetation stability observed over large parts of the Arctic.

opencc-zeroOct 2022View details →

Data from: The Anisian (Middle Triassic) brachiopods from the southern Qilian Mountains, north-western China

The Anisian (Middle Triassic) witnessed the diversification of brachiopods after the Permian/Triassic (P/Tr) extinction. The Anisian brachiopod fauna from the southern Qilian Mountains in north-western China has the highest taxonomic diversity at the species level among coeval faunas worldwide. Nevertheless, many taxa from this remote region remain poorly defined and therefore require emendation. Here we describe 23 species (including two uncertain species) in 15 brachiopod genera based on well-preserved carbonate and silicified specimens collected from the Anisian Dajialian and Qieermagou formations in Tianjun, southern Qilian Mountains. Two new genera (Crenulatomargus, Tianjunospina) and six new species (Costirhynchopsis xui, Crenulatomargus terebratuliformis, Schwagerispira elegans, Lepismatina? inusitata, Tianjunospina junheensis, Qilianoconcha circularis) are erected. The diagnoses of Triasorhynchia, Yangkongia, Sinucostella, Aequspiriferina, Qilianoconcha, and Parantiptychia are emended. Besides, the genus Eoantiptychia and the family Triasorhynchiidae are regarded as junior synonyms of Qilianoconcha and Tetrarhynchiidae, respectively. Systematic description and taxonomic emendation show that 56 species (including seven uncertain species) in 26 genera are confirmed in the southern Qilian brachiopod fauna. Network analysis of 14 brachiopod faunas worldwide shows that six groups were detected during the Anisian (Qingyan, southern Qilian–western Qinling, Himalaya–northern Siberia, central Qinghai, New Zealand, and Europe/western Tethys). Compared with those from the western Tethys, the eastern Tethyan faunas are less allied to each other. Except for the assemblage from the adjacent western Qinling area, other coeval faunas have much lower affinities with the Qilian fauna.

Figure 11 in Two new species of Caligonellidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea) from Western Siberia, Russia

Figure 11 Neognathus sibiriensisn. sp., deutonymph: opisthosomal venter.

Figure 9 in Two new species of Caligonellidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea) from Western Siberia, Russia

Figure 9 Neognathus sibiriensisn. sp., female: A-D – right legs I-IV respectively, dorsal aspect.

Figure 7 in Two new species of Caligonellidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea) from Western Siberia, Russia

Figure 7 Neognathus sibiriensisn. sp., female: A – idiosomal dorsum, B – idiosomal venter.

Figure 3 in Two new species of Caligonellidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea) from Western Siberia, Russia

Figure 3 Molothrognathus altaicusn. sp., female: A-D – right legs I-IV respectively, dorsal aspect.

Figure 2 in Two new species of Caligonellidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea) from Western Siberia, Russia

Figure 2 Molothrognathus altaicusn. sp., female: A – gnathosoma, dorsal aspect, B –subcapitulum.

Figure 1 in Two new species of Caligonellidae (Acari: Raphignathoidea) from Western Siberia, Russia

Figure 1 Molothrognathus altaicusn. sp., female: A – idiosomal dorsum, B – idiosomal venter.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Figs 3–5 in A new species of the genus Epidamaeus Bulanova-Zachvatkina, 1957 (Acari: Oribatida: Damaeidae) from Western Siberia

Figs 3–5. Epidamaeus hexatuberculatus sp. n., adult: 3 – dorsal view (legs not shown);

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Figs 1, 2 in A new species of the genus Epidamaeus Bulanova-Zachvatkina, 1957 (Acari: Oribatida: Damaeidae) from Western Siberia

Figs 1, 2. Gathering place (Russia, Western Siberia, Tyumen Region, Tobolsk District,

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Figs 6–9 in A new species of the genus Epidamaeus Bulanova-Zachvatkina, 1957 (Acari: Oribatida: Damaeidae) from Western Siberia

Figs 6–9. Epidamaeus hexatuberculatus sp. n., adult: 6 – leg I, right, antiaxial view; 7 –

Fig. 1 in New data on the mayflies (Ephemeroptera) of North-Western Yakutia

Fig. 1. Location of sampling sites in the Anabar River basin.