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Fig. 2 in The CYP74B and CYP74D divinyl ether synthases possess a side hydroperoxide lyase and epoxyalcohol synthase activities that are enhanced by the site-directed mutagenesis

Fig. 2. Structural formulae of reaction products of target WT enzymes and their mutant forms. 1, colneleic acid; 2, 9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid; 3, 9-hydroxynonanoic acid; 4, colnelenic acid; 4a, (3′E)-colnelenic acid; 5, 9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-12,15-octadecadienoic acid; 6, 11-hydroxy-12,13-epoxy-9-octadecenoic acid; 7, (ω5Z)-etherolenic acid; 8, (9Z)-12-hydroxy-9-dodecenoic acid; 9, (10E)-12-hydroxy-10-dodecenoic acid; 10, 11-hydroxy-12,13-epoxy-9,15-octadecadienoic acid; 11, (ω5Z)-etheroleic acid; 12, 9-hydroxy-12,13-epoxy-10-octadecenoic acid; 13, 9,10-epoxy-13-hydroxy-11,15-octadecadienoic acid; 14, 9,10-epoxy- 13-hydroxy-11-octadecenoic acid. (3′E)-Colnelenic acid is a product of thermal isomerization of the ordinary (8E,1′E,3′Z,6′Z)-colnelenic acid occurring during the GC analyses.

Fig. 1 in The CYP74B and CYP74D divinyl ether synthases possess a side hydroperoxide lyase and epoxyalcohol synthase activities that are enhanced by the site-directed mutagenesis

Fig. 1. Multiple alignments of I-helix sequences of following CYP74s: As, Allium sativum; AsDES, CAI30435; Ca, Capsicum annuum; CaDES, ABH03632; CaHPL, AAK27266; Cs, Citrus sinensis; CsAOS, NP_001275835; Gm, Glycine max; GmAOS, NP_001236445; Le, Solanum lycopersicum; LeHPL, CAB43022; LeDES, AAG42261; Lu, Linum usitatissimum; LuDES, ADP03054; Na, Nicotiana attenuata; NaAOS, CAC82911; Nt, Nicotiana tabacum; NtDES, AAL40900; NtHPL, AAZ39884; Ra, Ranunculus acris; RaDES, CYP74Q1, AJU57209; Sm, Selaginella moellendorffii; SmDES1, CYP74M1, EFJ19674; SmDES2, CYP74M3, EFJ34345; St, Solanum tuberosum; StDES, CAC28152. Hydroperoxide-binding domain is circled. Sites with substitutions are marked with arrows.

Fig. 11 in Design and chemical synthesis of root gravitropism inhibitors: Bridged analogues of ku-76 have more potent activity

Fig. 11. Inhibitory activity tests of gravitropic bending and elongation for benzoheterocyclic analogues. Dose–response relationship study for (a) 3a, (b) 3b, (c) 3c, and (d) 3d are shown. Data for gravitropic bending and elongation represent the mean ±SD. Asterisk indicates statistically significant differences between treatments and controls at p <0.05 (Dunnett's test, n = 7).

Fig. 5 in The CYP74B and CYP74D divinyl ether synthases possess a side hydroperoxide lyase and epoxyalcohol synthase activities that are enhanced by the site-directed mutagenesis

Fig. 5. GC-MS analyses of products (Me/TMS) of LuDES F291V mutant form incubations with 9(S)-HPOD (A), 9(S)-HPOT (B), 13(S)-HPOD (C), and 13(S)- HPOT (D). 2, 9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid (Me/TMS); 3, 9- hydroxynonanoic acid (Me/TMS); 5, 9,10-epoxy-11-hydroxy-12,15-octadecadienoic acid (Me/TMS); 6, 11-hydroxy-12,13-epoxy-9-octadecenoic acid (Me/ TMS); 8, (9Z)-12-hydroxy-9-dodecenoic acid (Me/TMS); 9, (10E)-12-hydroxy- 10-dodecenoic acid (Me/TMS); 10, 11-hydroxy-12,13-epoxy-9,15-octadecadienoic acid (Me/TMS). The structural formulae of products are presented in Fig. 2. 9-HOD/T and 13-HOD/T are decrypted in Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 in Role of C-H bond in the antioxidant activities of rooperol and its derivatives: A DFT study

Fig. 5. The calculated PAs and ETEs for ROP and its derivatives. The differences having as a reference the lowest value have also include in parenthesis.

Fig. 12 in Design and chemical synthesis of root gravitropism inhibitors: Bridged analogues of ku-76 have more potent activity

Fig. 12. Inhibitory activity tests of gravitropic bending and elongation for quinoline and quinoxaline analogues 4: (a) 50 μM for 4a-4d, (b) 0.05–50 μM for 4a, (c) 0.05–50 μM for 4b. Data for gravitropic bending (left) and elongation (right) represent the mean ± SD. Asterisk indicates statistically significant differences between treatments and controls at p <0.05 (Dunnett's test, n = 7).

Fig. 8 in Design and chemical synthesis of root gravitropism inhibitors: Bridged analogues of ku-76 have more potent activity

Fig. 8. Inhibitory activity test for gravitropic bending. Gravitropic vectors before (g1) and after (g2) reorientation are indicated. Length (L, cm) of the root and the angle (θ, degree) of the curvature after reorientation were measured. This figure is representative of a control experiment where no treatment with chemicals was performed.

Fig. 3 in Role of C-H bond in the antioxidant activities of rooperol and its derivatives: A DFT study

Fig. 3. The calculated BDEs for ROP and its derivatives. The differences having as a reference the lowest value have include in parenthesis.

Fig. 4 in Role of C-H bond in the antioxidant activities of rooperol and its derivatives: A DFT study

Fig. 4. The calculated IPs and PDEs for ROP and its derivatives. The differences having as a reference the lowest value have also include in parenthesis.

Fig. 6 in Germacranolides from Elephantopus scaber L. and their cytotoxic activities

Fig. 6. Determination of the absolute configuration of 7. Comparison of the calculated ECD spectra of 7a and 7b with the experimental spectrum of 7 obtained in MeOH.

Fig. 7 in Antihypertensive phytocomplexes of proven efficacy and well-established use: Mode of action and individual characterization of the active constituents

Fig. 7. Singly studied constituents of Alpinia zerumbet (Pers.) B.L.Burtt & R.M.Sm. essential oil (monoterpenes) and leaves extract (flavanols).

Fig. 3 in Antihypertensive phytocomplexes of proven efficacy and well-established use: Mode of action and individual characterization of the active constituents

Fig. 3. Chemical structure of the compounds contained in Hibiscus sabdariffa L. extracts whose vascular and blood pressure effects were investigated.

Fig. 2 in Antihypertensive phytocomplexes of proven efficacy and well-established use: Mode of action and individual characterization of the active constituents

Fig. 2. Chemical structure of mangiferin, found in Mangifera indica L. and investigated for its antihypertensive effects.

Fig. 1 in Antihypertensive phytocomplexes of proven efficacy and well-established use: Mode of action and individual characterization of the active constituents

Fig. 1. Chemical structure of the compounds found in Morus alba L. for which the antihypertensive effect was individually demonstrated and investigated.

Fig. 12 in Antihypertensive phytocomplexes of proven efficacy and well-established use: Mode of action and individual characterization of the active constituents

Fig. 12. The main danshen constituents characterized for antihypertensive and cardiovascular effects.

Fig. 7 in Germacranolides from Elephantopus scaber L. and their cytotoxic activities

Fig. 7. Apoptosis induced by 7 in HepG2, Hep3B, and MCF-7 cells. Flow cytometry analysis of Annexin V-FITC/PI-stained HepG2, Hep3B, and MCF-7 cells for 48 h and quantitative analysis of the ratio of apoptotic three cells. *P <0.05 and ***P <0.001 versus control group.

Fig. 4 in Germacranolides from Elephantopus scaber L. and their cytotoxic activities

Fig. 4. Comparison of the experimental and calculated ECD spectra of 1–6 in MeOH. Spectra were calculated at the CAM-B3LYP/6–311++ G (2d, p)//ωB97X-D/6- 31G(d) level.

Fig. 3 in Azaphilones with protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitory activity isolated from the fungus Aspergillus deflectus

Fig. 3. Graph of 13C-Dp4+ probabilities obtained by correlating the calculated and experimental 13C NMR data of 4 (1: 2′S-isomer; 2: 2′R-isomer).

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Fig. 7. Compounds 5a, 8b in Meroterpenoids with diverse structures and anti-inflammatory activities from Rhododendron anthopogonoides

Fig. 7. Compounds 5a, 8b, and 9 suppress the LPS-induced inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 macrophages. A. Effects on the mRNA level of IL-1β. B. Effects on the mRNA level of IL-6. BAY 11–7082 (10 μM) was set as the positive control. Results are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). *p <0.05, **p <0.01, ***p <0.001, ****p <0.001 vs the LPS group using one-way ANOVA.