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FIGURE 5 in Species richness, geographic distribution and endemism of Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae) in the Mexican Transition Zone

FIGURE 5. Distribution of Pinguicula by elevation. A) Histogram frequency of the species richness distribution, in dark grey the principal class; B) boxplot distribution of Pinguicula species.

FIGURE 2. A in Reinstatement of Aloe mutans (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a distinctive, endemic, maculate aloe from the central Limpopo province of South Africa

FIGURE 2. A two-headed specimen of a form of Aloe davyana [var. davyana] with pale flesh-pink, greenish to greyish white-striped flowers. Photograph taken between Donkerhoek and Pretoria, Gauteng province, South Africa, by Gideon F. Smith. Note that each rosette has produced two inflorescences.

FIGURE 3 in Reinstatement of Aloe mutans (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a distinctive, endemic, maculate aloe from the central Limpopo province of South Africa

FIGURE 3. Aloe mutans growing near Morotse in South Africa's Limpopo province. A. A solitary specimen. B. A two-headed specimen showing the brownish to yellowish green adaxial leaf surface. C. Solitary and multi-headed specimens, some of which are in flower while others are already in fruit. D. The leaf sap dries dark purplish. Abaxially the leaves are uniformly light green to greyish green; longitudinally indistinctly dark green-lined; and sometimes obscurely white-spotted, as here. E. Plants often grow in the shade of lowgrowing shrubs and small trees that act as nurse plants with only the inflorescences protruding above the shrub layer. F. The apicaL ⅓ to ½ of the perianth is yellow, which transitions through orange to strawberry pink basally. The basal swelling of the flowers is longitudinally more abruptly flattened than in A. davyana. All photographs by Gideon F. Smith.

FIGURE 4 in Reinstatement of Aloe mutans (Asphodelaceae subfam. Alooideae), a distinctive, endemic, maculate aloe from the central Limpopo province of South Africa

FIGURE 4. Aloe davyana growing near Pretoria, Gauteng province, South Africa. A. A three-headed specimen, with each rosette simultaneously producing two inflorescences. B. A form with uniformly dull brick-red flowers. C. Two flower colour forms (dull brickred on the left and pale flesh-pink on the right) growing in close proximity. D. The flowers are uniformly chromatic, not multi-coloured as in A. mutans. All photographs by Gideon F. Smith.

opennotspecifiedSep 2023View details →

Figure 3 in Multilocus phylogeny and morphological analyses illuminate overlooked diversity of Soriculus (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), with descriptions of two new endemic species from the eastern Himalayas

Figure 3. Phylogenetic trees of the genus Soriculus based on (A) the concatenated mtDNA and (B) the concatenated nDNA using the ML and BI methods. Node numbers indicate Bayesian posterior probabilities (PP) and ultrafast bootstrap supports (UFBoot).

FIGURE 7 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 7. Distributions of sizes of Tropidurus psammonastes, Eurolophosaurus divaricatus, Briba brasiliana and Cnemidophorus spec. nov. based on mass in four field campaigns conducted in the dunes of Ibiraba, State of Bahia, Brazil.

FIGURE 11 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 11. Frequency-based comparison among relative food item availability (gray bars) in the Ibiraba dunes, State of Bahia, Brazil, and relative food consumption by the seven most abundant dune-dwelling lizard species (black bars). Black arrows show food categories for which lizards showed electivity (positive or negative) following criteria defined in the text. Food categories: 1 = Formicidae; 2 = Araneae; 3 = Coleoptera; 4 = Insect larvae; 5 = Diplopoda; 6 = Thysanura; 7 = Flowers; 8 = Plant tissues (except flowers); 9 = Arthropod eggs; 10 = Ensifera; 11 = Hymenoptera (except Formicidae); 12 = Solifugae; 13 = Acari; 14 = Scropiones; 15 = Isoptera; 16 = Chilopoda; 17 = Homoptera; 18 = Phasmida; 19 = Blattaria; 20 = Mantodea; 21 = Diptera; 22 = Hemiptera; 23 = Lepidoptera; 24 = Gastropoda; 25 = Opiliones; 26 = Pseudoscorpiones; 27 = Caelifera; 28 = Collembola; 29 = Neuroptera; 30 = Embioptera.

FIGURE 1 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 1. Climate diagram for the municipality of Barra, State of Bahia (from Nimer, 1979), generated by the meteorological station closest to the study area (Ibiraba).

FIGURE 3 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 3. Left: schematic profile of the dunes showing microgeographic positions: summit, slope, plateau, and valley. Right: an example of a drawing used to quantify six quantitative microhabitat variables: area covered by ground litter, shrubs, subshrubs, the terrestrial bromeliad Bromelia antiacantha, the small cactus Tacinga inamoena, and area of horizontal projection of trees.

FIGURE 13 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 13. Comparison of food use among the seven most abundant lizard species in the Ibiraba dunes, State of Bahia, Brazil. The width of lines connecting each pair of species is proportional to the value of the symmetrical coefficient of the niche overlap (f). Gray areas circumscribe homogenous groups of species based on the mass of the heaviest item ingested.

FIGURE 2 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 2. Map showing the geographic location of the study area. The inset shows the easternmost part of Brazil and four important cities as reference points: 1.) Belém, State of Pará; 2.) Salvador, State of Bahia; 3.) Rio de Janeiro, State of Rio de Janeiro; 4.) Brasília, Distrito Federal (Federal District). The darker, diagonal area surrounded by lighter areas represents the shrublands and dry forests of the Caatingas, bordered on the west and east by forest and degraded forest and on the south by the Cerrado grasslands. The area delimited by the smallest darker rectangle is magnified to show the dune fields on the west bank of the São Francisco River (S.F.R.) The dune field is bordered on the west by the Serra do Estreito (S.E.). Its northern limit is represented by the small triangles. The Icatu River (I.R., the only perennial river crossing the dunes), the Grande River (G.R.), and the Lagoa de Itaparica (L.I.), as well as the urban centers of the municipalities of Barra (BAR.) and Xique-Xique (X.X.) are shown for geographic reference. The fieldwork was performed in the dunes with sharp morphology (lighter strip along the SFR; black arrow) near the village of Ibiraba (IB.). The coordinates of the central point in this image are 10°30'S-42°45'W.

FIGURE 16 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 16. Synthesis of available information (Moraes, 1993; present study) on the diet of gymnophthalmids present in the sandy areas along the middle course of São Francisco River, mapped into the phylogeny presented by Pellegrino et al., (2001). Numbers 1 to 6 across the top represent the locations studied (1 = Queimadas; 2 = Vacaria; 3 = Ibiraba; 4 = Alagoado; 5 = Santo Inácio; 6 = Lagoa de Itaparica; see map in Fig. 2). Black squares represent important items in the diet of each population studied, based on recurrence frequency. Numbers below squares represent the number of stomachs analyzed.

FIGURE 15 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 15. Synthesis of the differences in diet (food items and sizes) and phase of activity among the five lizard species extensively using protected microhabitat areas (lower pentagram) and among the four lizard species extensively using exposed microhabitat areas (or avoiding protected areas) (upper square). Black straight lines crossed by gray curved lines show differences in food consumption and phase of activity (indicated in gray letters) between pairs of species.

FIGURE 12 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 12. Relative contributions of very small, small, and medium-sized larvae to the total mass of larvae ingested by Cnemidophorus spec. nov. (CNE- black bars), Briba brasiliana (BRIgray bars) and Calyptommatus leiolepis (CAL- striped bars), the three lizard species endemic to the Ibiraba dunes, State of Bahia, Brazil for which larvae are the most important item in their diets.

FIGURE 10 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 10. Frequency of food items available in the dunes of Ibiraba, State of Bahia, Brazil, estimated by captures in pitfall traps (black bars) and by total consumption by the lizard assemblage (gray bars). Black arrows indicate food categories of low consumption by the assemblage and gray arrows show food categories better estimated by lizard consumption. Food categories: 1 = Formicidae; 2 = Araneae; 3 = Coleoptera; 4 = Diplopoda; 5 = Thysanura; 6 = Ensifera; 7 = Hymenoptera (except Formicidae); 8 = Solifugae; 9 = Acari; 10 = Scorpiones; 11 = Chilopoda; 12 = Phasmida; 13 = Blattaria; 14 = Mantodea; 15 = Diptera; 16 = Hemiptera; 17 = Homoptera; 18 = Insect larvae and pupae; 20 = Pseudoscorpiones; 21 = Lepidoptera; 22 = Caelifera; 23 = Collembola; 24 = Neuroptera; 25 = Embioptera; 26 = Isoptera; 27 = Arthropod eggs; 28 = Flowers; 29 = Gastropoda; 30 = Plant matter (except flowers).

FIGURE 5 in Electivities And Resource Use By An Assemblage Of Lizards Endemic To The Dunes Of The São Francisco River, Northeastern Brazil P L.B. R M T. R Abstract

FIGURE 5. Scatterplots of body mass versus snout-vent length (A) and head width versus jaw length (B) based on data from seven lizard species endemic to the dunes of Ibiraba, State of Bahia, Brazil.

opennotspecifiedAug 2024View details →

FIGURE 3 in A revision of Chinese endemic Neptis hesione Leech, 1890 with a new species described from Hainan Island (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)

FIGURE 3. Male genitalia of Neptis kejiaae sp. nov. le = lateral left view, ds = dorsal view, vs = ventral view.

opennotspecifiedAug 2024View details →

FIGURE 6 in A revision of Chinese endemic Neptis hesione Leech, 1890 with a new species described from Hainan Island (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae)

FIGURE 6. Phylogenetic tree of Neptis hesione-group inferred from ML analysis of COI with bootstrap support values (SHaLRT support/ultrafast bootstrap support). Mainly modified from Wu et al. (2016) and Ma et al. (2020).

opennotspecifiedMar 2020View details →

FIG. 7 in Two New Cryptic Endemic Toads of Bufo Discovered in Central Nevada, Western United States (Amphibia: Bufonidae: Bufo [Anaxyrus])

FIG. 7. Photographs of Bufo (Anaxyrus) monfontanus, new species, holotype (CAS 259273). Male toad in life: (A) dorsal view and (B) ventral view; and in preservative: (C) dorsal view and (D) ventral view. Photographs taken by M. R. Gordon.