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opennotspecifiedJun 2012View details →

Fig. 2 in Molecules and morphology suggest cryptic species diversity and an overall complex taxonomy of fish scale geckos, genus Geckolepis

Fig. 2 Left: Simplified ND4 tree of Geckolepis showing major clades and lineages referred to as OTUs as shown in Fig. 1 (relationships of G. polylepis are derived from analyses of the 12S gene sequences). Major diagnostic morphological differences of each (or combined) OTU are summarized at the right of each respective clade (considers only adult

Fig. 7 A in Is scale's structure still a good character to delimitate species of Amoebozoa? case of the genus Korotnevella (Amoebozoa, Dactylopodida)

Fig. 7 A region of cell coverings of critical point dried cell showing scales of Korotnevella sp. 3 (A) and Korotnevella limbata (B). SEM. Abbreviations: DS, dish-shaped scale; Fi, filaments; LB, latticework basket; PF, perforated rim; R, rim. Scale bars = 0.1 μm

Fig. 2 in Is scale's structure still a good character to delimitate species of Amoebozoa? case of the genus Korotnevella (Amoebozoa, Dactylopodida)

Fig. 2 Light micrographs of Korotnevella sp. 1 (A–F), Korotnevella sp. 2 (G–K), K. hortobotanici sp. nov. (L–P), and Korotnevella sp. 3 (Q–V). Locomotive forms in a Petri dish, phase contrast (A–D, G, H, L–N, Q–S). Nucleus, DIC (E, I–K, O, P, T, U). Cyst, DIC (F,

Fig. 1 in Is scale's structure still a good character to delimitate species of Amoebozoa? case of the genus Korotnevella (Amoebozoa, Dactylopodida)

Fig. 1 Korotnevella leshevi sp. nov. Light (phase contrast (A–C) and DIC (D, E)) and electron micrographs (critical point dried cells, SEM (F), and whole mounts of air-dried cells, TEM (G)). A–C Locomotive forms in a Petri dish. D Cell compressed with coverslip showing nucleus. E Cyst compressed with a coverslip. F A region of cell coverings showing scales. G Whole mounts of air-dried scales. Arrows indicate a direction of cell movement. Abbreviations: ac, apical column; cv, contractile vacuole; ds, dish-shaped scale; bp, basal plate; l, lacuna; lc, lateral column; lb, latticework basket; ls, layer of scales; n, nucleus; nu, nucleolus; pf, perforated flange. Scale bars = 10 μm (A–E), 0.1 μm (F, G)

Fig. 5 A in Is scale's structure still a good character to delimitate species of Amoebozoa? case of the genus Korotnevella (Amoebozoa, Dactylopodida)

Fig. 5 A selection of alignment columns containing nucleotide substitutions which distinguish sequences of 5′ fragment of the Cox I gene of Korotnevella heteracantha

Fig. 6 A in Is scale's structure still a good character to delimitate species of Amoebozoa? case of the genus Korotnevella (Amoebozoa, Dactylopodida)

Fig. 6 A phylogenetic tree based on sequences of 5′ fragment of the Cox I gene (maximum likelihood method, GTR + Γ model, 666 positions). Support: bootstrap values; only values higher than 50 are indi- cated. Scale bar = 0.05 substitution/nucleotide position

Fig. 4 A in Is scale's structure still a good character to delimitate species of Amoebozoa? case of the genus Korotnevella (Amoebozoa, Dactylopodida)

Fig. 4 A selection of alignment columns containing nucleotide substitutions which distinguish the sequences of the 5′ fragment of the Cox I gene of Korotnevella stella isolates

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2024View details →

Algorithmic identification of the precursory scale increase phenomenon in earthquake catalogues

This repository includes the code and data used in the paper " Algorithmic identification of the precursory scale increase (PSI) phenomenon in earthquake catalogues".  There are four folders, two for the data, and one each for the "Circular algorithm" and for the "Rectangular algorithm", respectively. Each folder has a Readme.txt file explaining its content.

opennotspecifiedJul 2024View details →

FIGURE 3. A–C. Saurauia avellana. A. Branchlets B. Flower C. Abaxial leaf surface covered with yellowish brown tomentum and lanceolate scales. D–F Saurauia elegans D. Branchlets E in Saurauia decolorata (Actinidiaceae), a new species from Mindanao, the Philippines

FIGURE 3. A–C. Saurauia avellana. A. Branchlets B. Flower C. Abaxial leaf surface covered with yellowish brown tomentum and lanceolate scales. D–F Saurauia elegans D. Branchlets E. Type specimen (H. Cumming 922) showing the paniculate inflorescence F. Branchlets and abaxial leaf surface covered with rusty-colored tomentum and bristle-like scales. Photos A–F by Pieter Pelser (Co's Digital Flora of the Philippines/PhytoImages) and E from JSTOR Global Plants.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2024View details →

Protocol for Genome-scale differential flux analysis (GS-FFA)

Here, we introduce a genome-scale differential flux analysis (GS-DFA) protocol to interrogate the metabolic variances derived from condition-specific gene expression data. It includes scripts for normalizing the gene expression data and integrating it into the HumanGEM framework to create condition-specific models. Moreover, the protocol includes the script for analyzing genome-scale differential flux across the biochemical network, employing condition-specific models. This analytical phase bridges RNA-Seq data with cellular insights, elucidating altered metabolic activities across diverse conditions. The insights can offer valuable perspectives into the intricate metabolic disturbances that play a pivotal role in cellular homeostasis.

Figure 6 in Diversity and biogeography of scale worms in the subfamily Lepidonotopodinae (Annelida: Polynoidae) from Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents with descriptions of four new species

Figure 6. Phylogenetic reconstruction from the combined analysis using six genes (COI, 16S, 18S, 28S, Cytb, and H3). Numbers next to nodes are ML bootstrap percent/ Bayesian inference (BI) posterior probability. Abbreviations: * indicates 95% ultrafast bootstrap or greater and 0.95 posterior probability or greater; ~ indicates nodes not found; red marks the Indian Ocean, CIR = Central Indian Ridge, CR = Carlsberg Ridge, SWIR = South-West Indian Ridge.

Figure 3 in Diversity and biogeography of scale worms in the subfamily Lepidonotopodinae (Annelida: Polynoidae) from Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents with descriptions of four new species

Figure 3. Levensteiniella longqiensis sp. nov. Holotype RSIO35287 in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); head and anterior segments of paratype RSIO35289 in dorsal (C) and ventral views (D); E, anterior view of segment 9 on paratype RSIO35289; F, posterior view of segment 13 on holotype RSIO35287; G, notochaetae on segment 9 on paratype RSIO35289; H, neurochaetae of segment 13 on holotype RSIO35287. Scale bars: A, B = 1 mm, C = 0.25 mm, D = 0.2 mm, E = 0.5 mm, F = 250 μm, H = 25 μm.

Figure 1 in Diversity and biogeography of scale worms in the subfamily Lepidonotopodinae (Annelida: Polynoidae) from Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents with descriptions of four new species

Figure 1. Map showing the locations of relevant deep-sea hydrothermal vents in the Indian Ocean. The map was generated by Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) (Wessel et al. 2019), CIR = Central Indian Ridge, CR = Carlsberg Ridge, SWIR = Southwest Indian Ridge.

Figure 5 in Diversity and biogeography of scale worms in the subfamily Lepidonotopodinae (Annelida: Polynoidae) from Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents with descriptions of four new species

Figure 5. Branchinotogluma jiaolongae sp. nov. Holotype (RSIO35218, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); C, right elytron from segment 5 of paratype RSIO35215 in dorsal view; branchiae and segments 1 and 14 in dorsal (D) view of holotype RSIO35218; head and anterior segment of paratype RSIO38118 in dorsal view (E) and ventral view (F). G, anterior view and dorsal view of pharynx with papillae indicated by white arrows on paratype RSIO38128; posterior segments on paratype RSIO35215 in dorsal view (H) and ventral view (J). I, ventral papillae on segments 12–15 of paratype RSIO35215.Posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia on segments 3 (K) and 9 (L) of holotype RSIO35218. M, left parapodia on segment 20 of paratype RSIO35215 in anterior view (upper position) and posterior view (lower position). N–R, holotype RSIO35218. N, posterior view of right parapodia on segment 9; O, notochaetae on segment 3 of holotype; P, tips of supracicular neurochaetae of segment 9 of holotype; Q, tips of subacicular neurochaetae on segment 9 with details of tips of supraacicular neurochaetae of holotype; R, upper subacicular neurochaetae on segment 3 of holotype. Scale bars: A, B = 2mm, C, D, F, H = 1mm, K, L = 0.5mm, E, G, M = 0.2mm, I, J = 0.5mm, N = 0.6mm, O = 20 μm, P = 25 μm, Q = 10 μm, 2μm in small window, R = 4 μm.

Figure 4 in Diversity and biogeography of scale worms in the subfamily Lepidonotopodinae (Annelida: Polynoidae) from Indian Ocean hydrothermal vents with descriptions of four new species

Figure 4. Branchinotogluma kaireiensis sp. nov. Holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624, female) in dorsal (A) and ventral views (B); right elytron from segment 7 of holotype (NSMT-Pol_1624, female) in dorsal (C) view; branchiae and segments 18 and 19 in dorsal (D) view of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624; head and tentacular segment of paratype (NSMT-Pol_1623, male) in dorsal (E) view; head and anterior segment of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 in ventral (F) view; anterior view (G) of dissected pharynx with papillae marked by red arrows of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623; dorsal view (H) of posterior segments on holotype NSMT-Pol_1624; posterior segments on paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral view (I); ventral papillae on segment 13–16 of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623 in ventral (J) view. Posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia on segments 2 (K) and 5 (L) of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624; M, left parapodia from segment 16 of holotype NSMT-Pol_1624 in anterior view (upper position) and in posterior view (lower position); posterior view (upper position) and anterior view (lower position) of right parapodia on segment 21(N) of paratype NSMTPol_1623. O–Q, holotype NSMT-Pol_1624. O, notochaetae of segment 16 on the left; P, supraacicular neurochaetae of segment 5 on the right; Q, upper subacicular neurochaetae of segment 16 on the left. R, lower subacicular neurochaetae of segment 21 on the right of paratype NSMT-Pol_1623. Scale bars: A, B = 1cm, C, D, G, H, I = 1mm, E = 0.5mm, F = 2mm, J = 1.5mm; K, L, M = 1.5 mm, N = 1.0 mm, O = 100 μm, P, Q, R = 10 μm.

FIG. 5 in Discovery of a New Species of Enigmatic Odd-Scaled Snake (Serpentes: Xenodermidae: Achalinus) from Ha Giang Province, Vietnam

FIG. 5. (A, B) Lateral, (C) dorsal, and (D) ventral views of the head of the holotype (IEBR 4698) of Achalinus zugorum, new species, after preservation. Each white bar ¼ 5 mm.

FIG. 3 in Discovery of a New Species of Enigmatic Odd-Scaled Snake (Serpentes: Xenodermidae: Achalinus) from Ha Giang Province, Vietnam

FIG. 3. (A) Map of all type localities for odd-scaled snakes (Achalinus) and (B) province-level map of Vietnam with type localities in that country. Black arrow indicates location of Ha Giang Province. All type localities of recognized Achalinus are included with the exception of that for A. spinalis, which is geographically imprecise (''angeblich aus Japan'' ¼ allegedly from Japan; Peters, 1869). Countries are labeled with ISO alpha-2 codes.

FIG. 2 in Discovery of a New Species of Enigmatic Odd-Scaled Snake (Serpentes: Xenodermidae: Achalinus) from Ha Giang Province, Vietnam

FIG. 2. (A) Maximum likelihood phylogeny inferred using the COI dataset in IQ-TREE. Ultrafast bootstrap values (UFBoot) are provided at relevant nodes. Voucher museum catalog numbers are listed adjacent to each specimen, with GenBank accessions in parentheses if no voucher number could be located. (B) SplitsTree network inferred with the COI dataset. (C) Drawing of Achalinus zugorum, new species, illustrated by Sydney SiehTakata. Scale bars indicate substitutions per site. See Data Accessibility for tree file.

FIG. 1 in Discovery of a New Species of Enigmatic Odd-Scaled Snake (Serpentes: Xenodermidae: Achalinus) from Ha Giang Province, Vietnam

FIG. 1. Ultrametric Bayesian phylogeny inferred using the COI dataset with bModelTest (Bouckaert and Drummond, 2017) in BEAST2. Posterior probabilities (PP) are provided at relevant nodes. Scale bar indicates substitutions per site. Voucher museum catalog numbers are listed adjacent to each specimen, with GenBank accessions in parentheses if no voucher numbers could be located. See Data Accessibility for tree file.