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FIGURES 9–12 in A new species of Prosopistoma Latreille, 1833 and redescription of P. indicum Peters, 1967 (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from the Western Ghats, India

FIGURES 9–12. Larva of Prosopistoma someshwarensis n. sp. 9. Foretibia; 10. Gill I; 11. Gill II; 12. Gill III.

FIGURES 29–32. P in Revalidation of Platystigma Kennedy, 1920, with a synopsis of the quadratum species group and the description of three new species (Odonata: Pseudostigmatidae)

FIGURES 29–32. P. minimum, sp. nov. male, holotype, Fw non saturated (29), saturated (30). P. humaita sp. nov. male, holotype, Hw non saturated (31). P. quadratum sp. nov. male, holotype, Hw non saturated (32).

FIGURES 20–23 in A new species of Prosopistoma Latreille, 1833 and redescription of P. indicum Peters, 1967 (Ephemeroptera: Prosopistomatidae) from the Western Ghats, India

FIGURES 20–23. Larva of Prosopistoma indicum Peters, 1967, 20. Foretibia; 21. Gill I; 22. Gill II; 23. Gill III.

Fig. 7 in A mountain of millipedes IV: Species of Prionopetalum Attems, 1909, from the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. With notes on "P." fasciatum (Attems, 1896) and a revised species key (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Odontopygidae)

Fig. 7. Aquattuor fasciatus (Attems, 1896) comb. nov., specimen from Zanzibar, Kirimkazi. A. Limbus. B – C. Left gonopod. B. Anterior view. C. Posterior view. D – F. Left telomere. D. Tip, basal-anterior view. E. Subdistal part, posterior view (bold arrow points to a microserrate lobe on the margin). F. Tip, apical-posterior view. Abbreviations: mbl = mesobasal lobe of coxal palette; pa = apical palette of coxa. Scale bars: A – C = 0.1 mm; D – F = 0.01 mm.

Fig. 8 in A mountain of millipedes IV: Species of Prionopetalum Attems, 1909, from the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. With notes on "P." fasciatum (Attems, 1896) and a revised species key (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Odontopygidae)

Fig. 8. Aquattuor fasciatus (Attems, 1896) comb. nov., syntype of Odontopyge fasciata (NHMW 2672). A. Gonopods, anterior view. B. Left gonopod, posterior view. Scale bars = 0.5 mm. Photographs: N. Akkari.

Fig. 3 in A mountain of millipedes IV: Species of Prionopetalum Attems, 1909, from the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. With notes on "P." fasciatum (Attems, 1896) and a revised species key (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Odontopygidae)

Fig. 3. Prionopetalum asperginis sp. nov., paratype from Kihansi, " forest site ". A – B. Hind end. A. Lateral view. B. Posterior view. C. Limbus. D – F. Right gonopod coxa. D. Anterior view (light blue: mounting tape). E. Mesal view. F. Posterior view. G. Transverse section of right gonopod basomere (circle: bundle of tracheae). H. Cluster of tracheae next to internal canal. Abbreviations: amp = anterior metaplical process; eg = efferent groove; ic = internal canal; mlf = metaplical longitudinal flange; mml = metaplical mesad lobe; mmp = distomesal metaplical process; mof = metaplical oblique / horizontal flange; prl = proplical lobe. Scale bars: A, B, D – F = 0.1 mm; C, H = 0.001 mm; G = 0.01 mm.

Fig. 6 in A mountain of millipedes IV: Species of Prionopetalum Attems, 1909, from the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. With notes on "P." fasciatum (Attems, 1896) and a revised species key (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Odontopygidae)

Fig. 6. Prionopetalum kraepelini (Attems, 1896), specimen from Mang'ula, 339 m asl. Gonopod telopodite. A, C – D, F. Right gonopod telopodite. A. Posterior view. C. Apical (ventral) view. D. Anterior view. F. Telomere distal process. B. Tip of left solenomere. E. Left gonopod, (posterior-) mesal view. Abbreviations: pts = post-torsal spine; pxl = proximal lobe of telomere; slm = solenomere; tdp = telomeral distal process; tpp = telomeral proximal process. Scale bars: A, C – D, E = 0.1 mm; B, F = 0.2 mm.

Fig. 5 in A mountain of millipedes IV: Species of Prionopetalum Attems, 1909, from the Udzungwa Mountains, Tanzania. With notes on "P." fasciatum (Attems, 1896) and a revised species key (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Odontopygidae)

Fig. 5. Prionopetalum kraepelini (Attems, 1896), specimen from Mang'ula, 339 m asl. A – C. Right gonopod coxa. A. Anterior view. B. Anterior-mesal view. C. Mesal view. D – E. Left gonopod. D. Posterior view. E. Anterior-mesal view. F. Midbody-dorsal limbus. G. Row of intercalary microscutes with knobs, from midbody metazona. Abbreviations: amp = anterior metaplical process; lt = lateral coxal tubercle; mlf = metaplical longitudinal flange; mmp = distomesal metaplical process; mof = metaplical oblique / horizontal flange; prl = proplical lobe. Scale bars: A – E = 0.1 mm; F – G = 0.001 mm.

FIGURES 15–16 in Southern distributional limits of Meliponini bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in the Neotropics: taxonomic notes and distribution of Plebeia droryana and P. emerinoides in Argentina

FIGURES 15–16. Occurrence maps of Plebeia droryana and P. emerinoides in Argentina. Blue circles, P. droryana. Red squares, P. emerinoides. Star, Santa Ana, type locality of P. emerinoides. Triangle, Villarica, type locality of Trigona nigriceps Friese. Cross, Montevideo, Uruguay, southernmost record of Mourella caerulea.

FIGURES 6–14 in Southern distributional limits of Meliponini bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in the Neotropics: taxonomic notes and distribution of Plebeia droryana and P. emerinoides in Argentina

FIGURES 6–14. Plebeia emerinoides (Silvestri). 6–9, worker; 10–14, male. 6–8, head of worker in frontal view; 6, specimen from El Soberbio, Misiones; 7, specimen from Pueblo Liebig, Entre Ríos; 8, specimen from San Isidro, Buenos Aires; 9, scutum and scutellum in dorsal view; 10 and 11, head of male in frontal view; 10, specimen from Posadas, Misiones; 11, specimen from San Isidro, Buenos Aires; 12, fifth metasomal sternum; 13, sixth metasomal sternum; 14, genital capsule in dorsal view. Scale bars 6–11: 0.5 mm; 12–14: 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 1–5 in Southern distributional limits of Meliponini bees (Hymenoptera, Apidae) in the Neotropics: taxonomic notes and distribution of Plebeia droryana and P. emerinoides in Argentina

FIGURES 1–5. Plebeia droryana (Friese). 1–2, worker; 3–5, male. 1, head in frontal view; 2, scutum and scutellum in dorsal view; 3, genital capsule in dorsal view; 4, fifth metasomal sternum; 5, sixth metasomal sternum. Scale bars 1–2: 0.5 mm; 3–5: 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 88–91. P in Six new Brazilian species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) with key to males

FIGURES 88–91. P. (F.) vulgaris sp. nov., female paratype terminalia: 88, sternite VII and pygofer, ventral view. 89, pygofer and valves, lateral view. 90, first valvifer and first valvulae, lateral view. 91, second valvulae, lateral view. Scale bars: 88 = 1.0 mm, 89–91 = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 60–71. P in Six new Brazilian species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) with key to males

FIGURES 60–71. P. (F.) sapitanduva sp. nov., holotype male. 60, head and thorax, dorsal view. 61, head, frontal view. 62, head and thorax, lateral view. 63, forewing. 64–71, male terminalia: 64, sternite VIII, ventral view. 65, pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. 66, apex of pygofer, ventral view. 67, subgenital plate, ventral view. 68, style and connective, dorsal view. 69, style, lateral view. 70, aedeagus, lateral view. 71, aedeagus posterior view. Scale bars: 60–62 = 1.0 mm, 63 = 2.0 mm, 64–65 = 0.5 mm, 66–71 = 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 28–31. P in Six new Brazilian species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) with key to males

FIGURES 28–31. P. (F.) grossii sp. nov., female paratype terminalia: 28, sternite VII and pygofer, ventral view. 29, pygofer and valvulae, lateral view. 30, first valvifer and first valvulae, lateral view. 31, second valvulae, lateral view. Scale bars: 28 = 1.0 mm, 29–31 = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 16–27. P in Six new Brazilian species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) with key to males

FIGURES 16–27. P. (F.) grossii sp. nov., holotype male. 16, head and thorax, dorsal view. 17, head, frontal view. 18, head and thorax, lateral view. 19, forewing. 20–27, male terminalia: 20, sternite VIII, ventral view. 21, pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. 22, apex of pygofer, ventral view. 23, subgenital plate, ventral view. 24, style and connective, dorsal view. 25, style, lateral view. 26, aedeagus, lateral view. 27, aedeagus posterior view. Scale bars: 16–18 = 1.0 mm, 19 = 2.0 mm, 20–21 = 0.5 mm, 22–27 = 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 4–15. P in Six new Brazilian species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) with key to males

FIGURES 4–15. P. (F.) bahiensis sp. nov., holotype male. 4, head and thorax, dorsal view. 5, head, frontal view. 6, head and thorax, lateral view. 7, forewing. 8–15, male terminalia: 8, sternite VIII, ventral view. 9, pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. 10, apex of pygofer, ventral view. 11, subgenital plate, ventral view. 12, style and connective, dorsal view. 13, style, lateral view. 14, aedeagus, lateral view. 15, aedeagus posterior view. Scale bars: 4–6 = 1.0 mm, 7 = 2.0 mm, 8–9 = 0.5 mm, 9–14 = 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 1–3. P in Six new Brazilian species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) with key to males

FIGURES 1–3. P. (F.) vulgaris sp. nov. valves, ventral view. 1, apex of first and second valvulae together. 2, apex of first and second valves, left first valve removed, (dashed line indicates a cross section). 3, schematic cross section. V1 = first valvulae. V2 = second valvulae.

FIGURES 44–55. P in Six new Brazilian species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) with key to males

FIGURES 44–55. P. (F.) naja sp. nov., holotype male. 44, head and thorax, dorsal view. 45, head, frontal view. 46, head and thorax, lateral view. 47, forewing. 48–55, male terminalia: 48, sternite VIII, ventral view. 49, pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. 50, apex of pygofer, ventral view. 51, subgenital plate, ventral view. 52, style and connective, dorsal view. 53, style, lateral view. 54, aedeagus, lateral view. 55, aedeagus posterior view. Scale bars: 44–46 = 1.0 mm, 47 = 2.0 mm, 48–49 = 0.5 mm, 50–55 = 0.25 mm.

FIGURES 56–59. P in Six new Brazilian species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) with key to males

FIGURES 56–59. P. (F.) naja sp. nov., female paratype terminalia: 56, sternite VII and pygofer, ventral view. 57, pygofer and valvulae, lateral view. 58, first valvifer and first valvulae, lateral view. 59, second valvulae, lateral view. Scale bars: 56 = 1.0 mm, 57–59 = 0.5 mm.

FIGURES 76–87. P in Six new Brazilian species of Polana (Varpulana) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Gyponini) with key to males

FIGURES 76–87. P. (F.) vulgaris sp. nov., holotype male. 76, head and thorax, dorsal view. 77, head, frontal view. 78, head and thorax, lateral view. 79, forewing. 80–87, male terminalia: 80, sternite VIII, ventral view. 81, pygofer, valve and subgenital plate, lateral view. 82, apex of pygofer, ventral view. 83, subgenital plate, ventral view. 84, style and connective, dorsal view. 85, style, lateral view. 86, aedeagus, lateral view. 87, aedeagus posterior view. Scale bars: 76–78 = 1.0 mm, 79 = 2.0 mm, 80–81 = 0.5 mm, 82–87 = 0.25 mm.