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508 results for “Ecosystem functions”
Data from: Initial colonization, community assembly, and ecosystem function: fungal colonist traits and litter biochemistry mediate decay rate
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Data from: An a posteriori species clustering for quantifying the effects of species interactions on ecosystem functioning
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Mechanisms driving the soil organic matter decomposition response to nutrient enrichment:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Ecosystem Functional Type Distribution Map for Mexico, 2001-2014
This dataset provides a map of the distribution of ecosystem functional types (EFTs) at 0.05 degree resolution across Mexico for 2001 to 2014. EFTs are groupings of ecosystems based on their similar ecosystem functioning that are used to represent the spatial patterns and temporal variability of key ecosystem functional traits without prior knowledge of vegetation type or canopy architecture. Sixty-four EFTs were derived from the metrics of a 2001-2014 time-series of satellite images of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product MOD13C2. EFT diversity was calculated as the modal (most repeated) EFT for each pixel.
Global Forest Ecosystem Structure and Function Data For Carbon Balance Research
A comprehensive global database has been assembled to quantify CO2 fluxes and pathways across different levels of integration (from photosynthesis up to net ecosystem production) in forest ecosystems. The database fills an important gap for model calibration, model validation, and hypothesis testing at global and regional scales. The database archive includes: a Microsoft Office Access Database; data files for all tables in the database; query outputs from the database; and SQL script file for re-creating the database from the tables. The database is structured by site (i.e., a forest or stand of known geographical location, biome, species composition, and management regime). It contains carbon budget variables (fluxes and stocks), ecosystem traits (standing biomass, leaf area index, age), and ancillary information (management regime, climate, soil characteristics) for 529 sites from eight forest biomes. Data entries originated from peer-reviewed literature and personal communications with researchers involved in Fluxnet. Flux estimates were included in the database when they were based on direct measurements (e.g., tower-based eddy covariance system measurements), derived from single or multiple direct measurements, or modeled. Stand description was based on observed values, and climatic description was based on the CRU data set and ORCHIDEE model output. Uncertainty for each carbon balance component in the database was estimated in a uniformed way by expert judgment. Robustness of CO2 balances was tested, and closure terms were introduced as a numerical way to approach data quality and flux uncertainty at the biome level.
Ecosystem Functional Type Distribution Map for the Conterminous USA, 2001-2014
This dataset provides maps of the distribution of ecosystem functional types (EFTs) and the interannual variability of EFTs at 0.05 degree resolution across the conterminous United States (CONUS) for 2001 to 2014. EFTs are groupings of ecosystems based on their similar ecosystem functioning that are used to represent the spatial patterns and temporal variability of key ecosystem functional traits without prior knowledge of vegetation type or canopy architecture. Sixty-four EFTs were derived from the metrics of a 2001-2014 time-series of satellite images of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) product MOD13C2. EFT diversity was calculated as the modal (most repeated) EFT and interannual variability was calculated as the number of unique EFTs for each pixel.
Microbial and Functional Diversity within the Phyllosphere of Espeletia sp. in Andean High Mountain Ecosystems
GEO Series GSE70539. Archaea; plant metagenome; Bacteria; Eukaryota; Viruses. 16 samples. Type: Genome variation profiling by array.
Temperature changes in the root ecosystem affect plant functionality
GEO Series GSE214280. Arabidopsis thaliana. 16 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Data from: Greater than the sum of the parts: how the species composition in different forest strata influence ecosystem function
The mechanisms underpinning forest biodiversity-ecosystem function relationships remain unresolved. Yet, in heterogeneous forests, ecosystem function of different strata could be associated with traits or evolutionary relationships differently. Here, we integrate phylogenies and traits to evaluate the effects of elevational diversity on above-ground biomass across forest strata and spatial scales. Community-weighted means of height and leaf phosphorous concentration, and functional diversity in specific leaf area exhibited positive correlations with tree biomass, suggesting that both positive selection effects and complementarity occur. However, high shrub biomass is associated with greater dissimilarity in seed mass and multidimensional trait space, while species richness or phylogenetic diversity is the most important predictor for herbaceous biomass, indicating that species complementarity is especially important for understory function. The strength of diversity-biomass relationships increases at larger spatial scales. We conclude that strata- and scale- dependent assessments of community structure and function are needed to fully understand how biodiversity influences ecosystem function.
Data for: Fossil samples archive functional diversity in marine ecosystems: An empirical test from a present-day coastal environment (Tyler and Kowalewski)
<p>Data associated with "Fossil samples archive functional diversity in marine ecosystems: An empirical test from a present-day coastal environment" by Carrie L. Tyler and Michal Kowalewski. Data include GPS coordinates for sample localities, variables quantifying multivariate space for all three assemblages, trait data for all species, and the associated R code (Functional Fidelity.zip). Abundance data is available in Tyler and Kowalewski (2023) <a href="https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15574">10.7717/peerj.15574</a> at <strong><a href="https://github.com/tylercl/Multi-Taxic-Fidelity">https://github.com/tylercl/Multi-Taxic-Fidelity</a> </strong>(DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7871639).</p>
Figure 8a from: Datry T, Allen D, Argelich R, Barquin J, Bonada N, Boulton A, Branger F, Cai Y, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Cid N, Csabai Z, Dallimer M, de Araújo JC, Declerck S, Dekker T, Döll P, Encalada A, Forcellini M, Foulquier A, Heino J, Jabot F, Keszler P, Kopperoinen L, Kralisch S, Künne A, Lamouroux N, Lauvernet C, Lehtoranta V, Loskotová B, Marcé R, Martin Ortega J, Matauschek C, Miliša M, Mogyorósi S, Moya N, Müller Schmied H, Munné A, Munoz F, Mykrä H, Pal I, Paloniemi R, Pařil P, Pengal P, Pernecker B, Polášek M, Rezende C, Sabater S, Sarremejane R, Schmidt G, Senerpont Domis L, Singer G, Suárez E, Talluto M, Teurlincx S, Trautmann T, Truchy A, Tyllianakis E, Väisänen S, Varumo L, Vidal J-P, Vilmi A, Vinyoles D (2021) Securing Biodiversity, Functional Integrity, and Ecosystem Services in Drying River Networks (DRYvER). Research Ideas and Outcomes 7: e77750. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.7.e77750
Figure 8a Budget Breakdown per WP, and Budget Breakdown per country. - Budget Breakdown per WP.
Figure 8b from: Datry T, Allen D, Argelich R, Barquin J, Bonada N, Boulton A, Branger F, Cai Y, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Cid N, Csabai Z, Dallimer M, de Araújo JC, Declerck S, Dekker T, Döll P, Encalada A, Forcellini M, Foulquier A, Heino J, Jabot F, Keszler P, Kopperoinen L, Kralisch S, Künne A, Lamouroux N, Lauvernet C, Lehtoranta V, Loskotová B, Marcé R, Martin Ortega J, Matauschek C, Miliša M, Mogyorósi S, Moya N, Müller Schmied H, Munné A, Munoz F, Mykrä H, Pal I, Paloniemi R, Pařil P, Pengal P, Pernecker B, Polášek M, Rezende C, Sabater S, Sarremejane R, Schmidt G, Senerpont Domis L, Singer G, Suárez E, Talluto M, Teurlincx S, Trautmann T, Truchy A, Tyllianakis E, Väisänen S, Varumo L, Vidal J-P, Vilmi A, Vinyoles D (2021) Securing Biodiversity, Functional Integrity, and Ecosystem Services in Drying River Networks (DRYvER). Research Ideas and Outcomes 7: e77750. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.7.e77750
Figure 8b Budget Breakdown per WP, and Budget Breakdown per country. - Budget Breakdown per country
Figure 7 from: Datry T, Allen D, Argelich R, Barquin J, Bonada N, Boulton A, Branger F, Cai Y, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Cid N, Csabai Z, Dallimer M, de Araújo JC, Declerck S, Dekker T, Döll P, Encalada A, Forcellini M, Foulquier A, Heino J, Jabot F, Keszler P, Kopperoinen L, Kralisch S, Künne A, Lamouroux N, Lauvernet C, Lehtoranta V, Loskotová B, Marcé R, Martin Ortega J, Matauschek C, Miliša M, Mogyorósi S, Moya N, Müller Schmied H, Munné A, Munoz F, Mykrä H, Pal I, Paloniemi R, Pařil P, Pengal P, Pernecker B, Polášek M, Rezende C, Sabater S, Sarremejane R, Schmidt G, Senerpont Domis L, Singer G, Suárez E, Talluto M, Teurlincx S, Trautmann T, Truchy A, Tyllianakis E, Väisänen S, Varumo L, Vidal J-P, Vilmi A, Vinyoles D (2021) Securing Biodiversity, Functional Integrity, and Ecosystem Services in Drying River Networks (DRYvER). Research Ideas and Outcomes 7: e77750. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.7.e77750
Figure 7 DRYvER geographical coverage.
Figure 6 from: Datry T, Allen D, Argelich R, Barquin J, Bonada N, Boulton A, Branger F, Cai Y, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Cid N, Csabai Z, Dallimer M, de Araújo JC, Declerck S, Dekker T, Döll P, Encalada A, Forcellini M, Foulquier A, Heino J, Jabot F, Keszler P, Kopperoinen L, Kralisch S, Künne A, Lamouroux N, Lauvernet C, Lehtoranta V, Loskotová B, Marcé R, Martin Ortega J, Matauschek C, Miliša M, Mogyorósi S, Moya N, Müller Schmied H, Munné A, Munoz F, Mykrä H, Pal I, Paloniemi R, Pařil P, Pengal P, Pernecker B, Polášek M, Rezende C, Sabater S, Sarremejane R, Schmidt G, Senerpont Domis L, Singer G, Suárez E, Talluto M, Teurlincx S, Trautmann T, Truchy A, Tyllianakis E, Väisänen S, Varumo L, Vidal J-P, Vilmi A, Vinyoles D (2021) Securing Biodiversity, Functional Integrity, and Ecosystem Services in Drying River Networks (DRYvER). Research Ideas and Outcomes 7: e77750. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.7.e77750
Figure 6 DRYvER partners' complementarity.
Figure 5 from: Datry T, Allen D, Argelich R, Barquin J, Bonada N, Boulton A, Branger F, Cai Y, Cañedo-Argüelles M, Cid N, Csabai Z, Dallimer M, de Araújo JC, Declerck S, Dekker T, Döll P, Encalada A, Forcellini M, Foulquier A, Heino J, Jabot F, Keszler P, Kopperoinen L, Kralisch S, Künne A, Lamouroux N, Lauvernet C, Lehtoranta V, Loskotová B, Marcé R, Martin Ortega J, Matauschek C, Miliša M, Mogyorósi S, Moya N, Müller Schmied H, Munné A, Munoz F, Mykrä H, Pal I, Paloniemi R, Pařil P, Pengal P, Pernecker B, Polášek M, Rezende C, Sabater S, Sarremejane R, Schmidt G, Senerpont Domis L, Singer G, Suárez E, Talluto M, Teurlincx S, Trautmann T, Truchy A, Tyllianakis E, Väisänen S, Varumo L, Vidal J-P, Vilmi A, Vinyoles D (2021) Securing Biodiversity, Functional Integrity, and Ecosystem Services in Drying River Networks (DRYvER). Research Ideas and Outcomes 7: e77750. https://doi.org/10.3897/rio.7.e77750
Figure 5 DRYvER management structure.
Data from: Functional traits explain ecosystem function through opposing mechanisms
The ability to explain why multispecies assemblages produce greater biomass compared to monocultures, has been a central goal in the quest to understand biodiversity effects on ecosystem function. Species contributions to ecosystem function can be driven by two processes: niche complementarity and a selection effect that is influenced by fitness (competitive) differences, and both can be approximated with measures of species' traits. It has been hypothesised that fitness differences are associated with few, singular traits while complementarity requires multidimensional trait measures. Here, using experimental data from plant assemblages, I show that the selection effect was strongest when trait dissimilarity was low, while complementarity was greatest with high trait dissimilarity. Selection effects were best explained by a single trait, plant height. Complementarity was correlated with dissimilarity across multiple traits, representing above and below ground processes. By identifying the relevant traits linked to ecosystem function, we obtain the ability to predict combinations of species that will maximise ecosystem function.
All data for: Megaherbivore impacts on ecosystem and Earth system functioning: The current state of the science
<p>Megaherbivores (adult body mass >1000 kg) are suggested to disproportionately shape ecosystem and Earth system functioning. We systematically reviewed the empirical basis for this general thesis and for the more specific hypotheses that (i) megaherbivores have disproportionately larger effects on Earth system functioning than their smaller counterparts, (ii) this is true for all extant megaherbivore species and (iii) their effects vary along environmental gradients. We furthermore explored possible biases in our understanding of megaherbivore impacts. We found that there are too few studies to quantitatively evaluate the general thesis or any of the hypotheses for all but the African savanna elephant. Following this finding, we performed a qualitative vote counting analysis. Our synthesis of this analysis suggests that megaherbivores can elicit strong impacts on e.g. vegetation structure, and biodiversity and all the elephant species promote seed dispersal. We were however unable to evaluate whether these effects are disproportionate to smaller large herbivores. Although environmental conditions can mediate megaherbivore impact, few studies quantified the effect of rainfall or soil fertility on megaherbivore impacts, precluding prediction of megaherbivore effects on the Earth system, particularly under future climates. Moreover, our review highlights major taxonomic, thematic and geographic biases in our understanding of megaherbivore effects. Most of the studies focused on African savanna elephant impacts on vegetation structure and biodiversity, with other megaherbivores and Earth system functions comparatively neglected. Studies were also biased towards semi-arid and relatively fertile systems, with the arid, high-rainfall and/or nutrient-poor parts of the megaherbivores' distribution ranges largely unrepresented. Our findings highlight that the empirical basis of our understanding of the ecological effects of extant megaherbivores is still limited for all species, except African savanna elephant, and that our current understanding is biased towards certain environmental and geographic areas. We further outline a detailed, urgently needed avenue for future research.</p>
All data for: Megaherbivore impacts on ecosystem and Earth system functioning: The current state of the science
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Data from: Greater than the sum of the parts: how the species composition in different forest strata influence ecosystem function
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Data from: Resilience of ecosystem processes: a new approach shows that functional redundancy of biological control services is reduced by landscape simplification
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Allen Brain Atlas
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OpenNeuro
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