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1,362 results for “Mygalomorpha”
FIGURES 20–24 in Taxonomy of the genus Cyrtopholis Simon, 1892 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae): Cuban species described by Pelegrín Franganillo Balboa
FIGURES 20–24. Cyrtopholis gibbosa (lectotype–IES 46A). 20. Cephalothorax, arrow: like a hump. 21. Sternum. 22. Abdomen, dorsal view. 23. Eye tubercle. 24. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scales: 5 mm (Figs 20–22) and 1 mm (23–24).
FIGURES 10–14 in Taxonomy of the genus Cyrtopholis Simon, 1892 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae): Cuban species described by Pelegrín Franganillo Balboa
FIGURES 10–14. Cyrtopholis major (holotype–IES 34). 10. Carapace. 11. Sternum+labium. 12. Abdomen, dorsal view. 13. Eyer tubercle. 14. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scales: 5 mm (Figs 10–12) & 1 mm (Figs 13–14).
FIGURES 1–4 in Taxonomy of the genus Cyrtopholis Simon, 1892 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae): Cuban species described by Pelegrín Franganillo Balboa
FIGURES 1–4. Cyrtopholis plumosa (lectotype–IES 33A). 1. Trochanter and coxa of right palp, retrolateral face, arrows: stridulatory organ. 2. Claviform stridulatory bristle of trochanter of palp. 3. Trochanter and coxa of right leg I, prolateral face, arrows: stridulatory organ. 4. Claviform stridulatory bristle of trochanter of leg I. Scales. 2 mm (Figs 1 and 3) and 300 μm (Figs 2 and 4).
FIGURES 5–9 in Taxonomy of the genus Cyrtopholis Simon, 1892 (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Theraphosidae): Cuban species described by Pelegrín Franganillo Balboa
FIGURES 5–9. Cyrtopholis plumosa (lectotype–IES 33A). 5. Cephalothorax. 6. Sternum & labium. 7. Abdomen, dorsal view. 8. Eye tubercle. 9. Spermathecae, dorsal view. Scales: 5 mm (Figs 5–7) e 1 mm (Figs 8–9).
FIGURES 78-80 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 78-80. Namea nebo sp. nov., male holotype (QMB S65274) from Mount Nebo (south-eastern Queensland), pedipalp: 78, retrolateral view; 79, retroventral view; 80, prolateral view. Scale bar = 3.0 mm.
FIGURES 55–64 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 55–64. Namea nigritarsus sp. nov., male holotype (QMB S111534) from Mount Glorious (south-eastern Queensland), somatic morphology: 55–56, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; 57, cephalothorax, lateral view; 58, eyes, dorsal view; 59, mouthparts, ventral view; 60–61, cephalothorax and abdomen, ventral view; 62, leg I, prolateral view; 63, leg I tibia, retrolateral view; 64, leg I tibia, profile in standardised prolateral view, showing relative position of macrosetae (p, prolateral; pd, prodorsal; pv, proventral; v, ventral). Scale bars = 3.0 mm.
FIGURES 45–47 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 45–47. Namea gowardae sp. nov., male holotype (QMB S774) from Mount Glorious (south-eastern Queensland), pedipalp: 45, retrolateral view; 46, retroventral view; 47, prolateral view. Scale bar = 3.0 mm.
FIGURES 35–44 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 35–44. Namea gowardae sp. nov., male holotype (QMB S774) from Mount Glorious (south-eastern Queensland), somatic morphology: 35–36, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; 37, cephalothorax, lateral view; 38, eyes, dorsal view; 39, mouthparts, ventral view; 40–41, cephalothorax and abdomen, ventral view; 42, leg I, prolateral view (inset shows detail of tibia, and the location of the 'tibial bald zone'); 43, leg I tibia, retrolateral view; 44, leg I tibia, profile in standardised prolateral view, showing relative position of macrosetae (pd, prodorsal; pv, proventral; v, ventral); note the broken seta (*) at position pv1. Scale bars = 3.0 mm.
FIGURES 32–34 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 32–34. Namea gloriosa sp. nov., male holotype (QMB S10269) from Mount Glorious (south-eastern Queensland), pedipalp: 32, retrolateral view; 33, retroventral view; 34, prolateral view. Scale bar = 3.0 mm.
FIGURES 65–67 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 65–67. Namea nigritarsus sp. nov., male holotype (QMB S111534) from Mount Glorious (south-eastern Queensland), pedipalp: 65, retrolateral view; 66, retroventral view; 67, prolateral view. Scale bar = 3.0 mm.
FIGURES 14–21 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 14–21. Comparative morphology of Namea from the D'Aguilar Range (south-eastern Queensland); each figure for each species depicts (a) the male tibia I in standardised prolateral view, (b) the male pedipalp in retrolateral view, +/- (c) the female cleared genitalia in dorsal view (if known): 14, N. gloriosa sp. nov. (QMB S10269); 15, N. nigritarsus sp. nov. (QMB S111534); 16, N. nebo sp. nov. (QMB S65274); 17, N. excavans Raven, 1984 (QMB S813); 18, N. brisbanensis Raven, 1984 (QMB S767 [male], S111397 [female]); 19, N. gowardae sp. nov. (QMB S774 [male], S111377 [female]); 20, N. salanitri Raven, 1984 (QMB S1166 [male], S111396 [female; with epigastric lobes highlighted*); 21, N. dahmsi Raven, 1984 (QMB S88018 [male tibia I], S800 [male pedipalp], S111481 [female; note bent right spermathecal fundus]). Tibial macrosetae are coloured and labelled according to their relative position (dark blue, prodorsal [pd]; red, prolateral [p] or proventral [pv]; dark grey, ventral [v]; light blue, retroventral [rv]).
FIGURE 13 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURE 13. Phylogeny of the genus Namea modified from Rix et al. (2020; fig. 2), inferred from a partitioned Bayesian analysis of that study's 'FULL' dataset (151 taxa, 5,261 bp, 50% majority-rule consensus tree). Clades corresponding to 30 morpho-species OTUs are collapsed for the genus Namea (square brackets denote the number of specimens included in each clade), and nodes have a posterior probability of ≥ 0.98 unless otherwise stated. Seven species recorded from the D'Aguilar Range (south-eastern Queensland) are highlighted in enlarged bold text; note that specimens of an eighth species, N. gloriosa sp. nov., were not sequenced for this study.
FIGURES 22–31 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 22–31. Namea gloriosa sp. nov., male holotype (QMB S10269) from Mount Glorious (south-eastern Queensland), somatic morphology: 22–23, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; 24, cephalothorax, lateral view; 25, eyes, dorsal view; 26, mouthparts, ventral view; 27–28, cephalothorax and abdomen, ventral view; 29, leg I, prolateral view; 30, leg I tibia, retrolateral view; 31, leg I tibia, profile in standardised prolateral view, showing relative position of macrosetae (pd, prodorsal; pv, proventral; v, ventral); note the broken seta (*) at position v2. Scale bars = 3.0 mm.
FIGURES 4–12 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 4–12. Live habitus images and burrows of Namea from the D'Aguilar Range (south-eastern Queensland). 4–8, Live habitus images: 4, female N. brisbanensis Raven, 1984 from Gold Creek Reserve (note left leg IV missing); 5, paratype female N. gowardae sp. nov. from Mount Glorious; 6, female N. salanitri Raven, 1984 from Mount Mee; 7, female N. dahmsi Raven, 1984 from Clear Mountain; 8, subadult juvenile N. nigritarsus sp. nov. from Mount Glorious. 9–12, Burrow images: 9, burrow of unidentified Namea (N. nigritarsus sp. nov. or N. nebo sp. nov.; not collected) from Mount Nebo, with spider at entrance; 10, burrow of N. gowardae sp. nov. from Mount Glorious, with spider at entrance; 11, burrow of N. dahmsi from Clear Mountain; 12, burrow of N. nigritarsus sp. nov. from Mount Mee. Images 4–8, 10, 11 by M. Rix; 9, 12 by J. Wilson.
FIGURES 48–54 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 48–54. Namea gowardae sp. nov., female paratype (QMB S111377) from Maiala, Mount Glorious (south-eastern Queensland), somatic morphology: 48–49, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; 50, cephalothorax, lateral view; 51, eyes, dorsal view; 52, mouthparts, ventral view; 53–54, cephalothorax and abdomen, ventral view (note that genitalia have been dissected from ventral abdominal epigastric region). Scale bars = 3.0 mm.
FIGURES 1–3. The D in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 1–3. The D'Aguilar Range of south-eastern Queensland: 1, elevational heat map showing upland areas surrounding Brisbane, and the relative position of the D'Aguilar Range; 2, topographic map of the D'Aguilar Range (in shaded relief), with major localities highlighted; 3, typical habitat for Namea on rainforest bank at Mount Glorious (Maiala section). Image 3 copyright Queensland Museum (used with permission).
FIGURES 68–77 in The open-holed trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae: Anamidae: Namea) of Australia's D'Aguilar Range: revealing an unexpected subtropical hotspot of rainforest diversity
FIGURES 68–77. Namea nebo sp. nov., male holotype (QMB S65274) from Boombana, Mount Nebo (south-eastern Queensland), somatic morphology: 68–69, carapace and abdomen, dorsal view; 70, cephalothorax, lateral view; 71, eyes, dorsal view; 72, mouthparts, ventral view; 73–74, cephalothorax and abdomen, ventral view; 75, leg I, prolateral view; 76, leg I tibia, retrolateral view; 77, leg I tibia, profile in standardised prolateral view, showing relative position of macrosetae (pd, prodorsal; pv, proventral; v, ventral). Scale bars = 3.0 mm.
Data from: Phylogenetic reconsideration of Myrmekiaphila systematics with a description of the new trapdoor spider species Myrmekiaphila tigris (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Euctenizinae)
The trapdoor spider genus Myrmekiaphila currently comprises 11 nominal species. A recent molecular phylogenetic evaluation of the group identified a number of problems with respect to how species and species groups were delineated by Bond and Platnick in their 2007 taxonomic revision of the genus. We report herein the discovery of a new species, Myrmekiaphila tigris sp. n. The phylogenetic position of the species is evaluated using a molecular phylogenetic approach based on a set of mtDNA markers. Our preferred phylogenetic hypothesis supports the recognition of a new species and further highlights the need to more carefully investigate species boundaries within the genus. These results further indicate that palpal bulb morphology is rapidly evolving and has likely been a contributing factor in rendering a number of species paraphyletic with respect to the molecular data.
Data from: Multilocus species delimitation in a complex of morphologically conserved trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae, Aliatypus)
Species are a fundamental unit for biological studies, yet no uniform guidelines exist for determining species limits in an objective manner. Given the large number of species concepts available, defining species can be both highly subjective and biased. Although morphology has been commonly used to determine species boundaries, the availability and prevalence of genetic data has allowed researchers to use such data to make inferences regarding species limits. Genetic data also have been used in the detection of cryptic species, where other lines of evidence (morphology in particular) may underestimate species diversity. In this study, we investigate species limits in a complex of morphologically conserved trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae, Antrodiaetidae, Aliatypus) from California. Multiple approaches were used to determine species boundaries in this highly genetically fragmented group, including both multilocus discovery and validation approaches (plus a chimeric approach). Additionally, we introduce a novel tree-based discovery approach using species trees. Results suggest that this complex includes multiple cryptic species, with two groupings consistently recovered across analyses. Due to incongruence across analyses for the remaining samples, we take a conservative approach and recognize a three species complex, and formally describe two new species (Aliatypus roxxiae, sp. nov. and Aliatypus starretti, sp. nov.). This study helps to clarify species limits in a genetically fragmented group and provides a framework for identifying and defining the cryptic lineage diversity that prevails in many organismal groups.
Data from: Phylogeny of a cosmopolitan family of morphologically conserved trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae, Ctenizidae) using Anchored Hybrid Enrichment, with a description of the family, Halonoproctidae Pocock 1901
The mygalomorph family Ctenizidae has a world-wide distribution and currently contains nine genera and 135 species. However, the monophyly of this group has long been questioned on both morphological and molecular grounds. Here, we use Anchored Hybrid Enrichment (AHE) to gather hundreds of loci from across the genome for reconstructing the phylogenetic relationships among the nine genera and test the monophyly of the family. We also reconstruct the possible ancestral ranges of the most inclusive clade recovered. Using AHE, we generate a supermatrix of 565 loci and 115,209 bp for 27 individuals. For the first time, analyses using all nine genera produce results definitively establishing the non-monophyly of Ctenizidae. A lineage formed exclusively by representatives of South African Stasimopus was placed as the sister group to the remaining taxa in the tree, and the Mediterranean Cteniza and Cyrtocarenum were recovered with high support as sister to exemplars of Euctenizidae, Migidae, and Idiopidae. All the remaining genera—Bothriocyrtum, Conothele, Cyclocosmia, Hebestatis, Latouchia, and Ummidia—share a common ancestor. Based on these results, we formally elevate this clade to the level of family. Our results definitively establish both the non-monophyly of the Ctenizidae and non-validity of the subfamilies Ummidiinae and Ctenizinae. In order to establish the placement of the remaining three ctenizid genera, Cteniza, Cyrtocarenum, and Stasimopus, thorough analyses within the context of a complete mygalomorph phylogenetic framework are needed. We formally describe the family Halonoproctidae Pocock 1901 and infer that the family's most recent common ancestor was likely distributed in western North America and Asia.
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