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Fig. 5 in The largest arthropod in Earth history: insights from newly discovered Arthropleura remains (Serpukhovian Stainmore Formation, Northumberland, England)

Fig. 5. Sedimentological characteristics of the Stainmore Formation at the southern end of Howick Bay, attesting to lower delta plain deposition. (a) Rotated view of fallen block hosting fossil at starred horizon, showing lithology of amalgamated trough cross-beds of fine sandstone, coarsening upwards from laminated very fine sandstone and siltstone. Located at c. 8–10 m on stratigraphic log in Figure 3d. Scale bar 20 cm. (b) Casts of syneresis cracks on underside of fallen block. Located at 8 m on stratigraphic log in Figure 3d. Scale bar 10 cm. (c) Detail of cross-bedded sets in which Arthropleura fossil was interred. Note clasts of coaly debris. Located at 9.5 m on stratigraphic log in Figure 3d. Ruler 20 cm. (d) Crudely developed rhythmites of probable tidal origin, colonized with Skolithos (Sk) and Teichnichnus (Te) burrows. Located at 6 m on stratigraphic log in Figure 3d. Scale bar 15 cm. (e) Inclined heterolithic stratification in form of lateral accretion set of small tidal channel; northwards direction of migration arrowed. Located at 1.5 m on stratigraphic log in Figure 3d. Scale bar 70 cm. (f) Incised channel filled with braided alluvium and cutting into underlying sequence at far southern end of Howick Bay. Approximate channel base highlighted. The channel truncates the sequence illustrated in Figure 3d. Scale bar 2 m.

Fig. 4 in The largest arthropod in Earth history: insights from newly discovered Arthropleura remains (Serpukhovian Stainmore Formation, Northumberland, England)

Fig. 4. Context of the specimen prior to extraction. (a) Slab A of the fossil (facing stratigraphically upwards). Note convex-down doming of the host sediment. Scale bar 20 cm. (b) Slab B of the fossil (facing stratigraphically downwards). (c) Fallen block in which the fossil was discovered in January 2018 (white circle), showing split in rock where fossil was exposed (white triangle). Black circle denotes position in cliff profile from where the block fell. Listric faults in hanging wall of Howick Fault are highlighted, showing hanging wall thickening of mudrock (HT), attesting to synsedimentary origin (red arrows indicate sense of fault movement). Scale bar 2 m. (d) View of the fallen block (white circle) and original position (black circle) in the context of the Howick Fault damage zone and master fault separating the Alston and Stainmore formations; HT is at same position as in part (c). Host bed is immediately adjacent to one of two synsedimentary (Mississippian) normal faults that were later reactivated as strike-slip faults during the latest Carboniferous to Permian emplacement of the Whin Sill dolerite intrusion (De Paola et al. 2005). This structural context attests to strain in the fossil-bearing sandstone bed prior to full lithification and may explain certain features of the fossil (see main text). Blue dashed line show approximate stratigraphic position of the Lickar Limestone, marking the onset of the late Serpukhovian (Cózar and Somerville 2021). Scale bar 5 m. Photograph in part (d) courtesy of Geospatial Research Limited.

Fig. 3 in The largest arthropod in Earth history: insights from newly discovered Arthropleura remains (Serpukhovian Stainmore Formation, Northumberland, England)

Fig. 3. Geological context of the site. (a) Locality within the Northumberland Basin. (b) Geological map of the fossil locality. (c) Regional stratigraphy. (d) Sedimentary log of the fossil site. LA sets, lateral accretion sets. (e) Structural profile along cliffs at the southern end of Howick Bay showing fossil site within damage zone of the Howick Fault (location of section denoted with British National Grid references).

Fig. 2 in The largest arthropod in Earth history: insights from newly discovered Arthropleura remains (Serpukhovian Stainmore Formation, Northumberland, England)

Fig. 2. Interpreted sketch of the fossil, as preserved in slab A, while still intact in fallen block of host sandstone prior to excavation. The overlap pattern of the paratergites on the left indicates that this is the ventral site of the dorsal exoskeleton. The typical ornamentation of the dorsal site of Arthropleura tergites and paratergites is therefore not visible.

Fig. 1 in The largest arthropod in Earth history: insights from newly discovered Arthropleura remains (Serpukhovian Stainmore Formation, Northumberland, England)

Fig. 1. Specimen of partial remains of a giant Arthropleura (anterior 12– 14 tergites) after excavation from the Serpukhovian Stainmore Formation, Howick Bay, Northumberland, England (CAMSM X.50355). Slab A and slab B are not true part and counterpart, but rather a split through the middle of a threedimensional dorsal exoskeleton (see Fig. 7 and discussion in text).

Synergistic HNO3–H2SO4–NH3 upper tropospheric particle formation: data resources & code

Data presented in the manuscript "Synergistic HNO3–H2SO4–NH3 upper tropospheric particle formation" currently in review. The manuscript associated with this data was written using results from the CLOUD experiment at CERN, and the author list is a subset of the CLOUD collaboration.

Raw data for: A model for the formation and evolution of structure of initial loess deposits

The dataset includes the monitoring results of volumetric water content and matric suction during wetting and drying processes of initial loess deposits. The data are used for Figure 3 in the manuscript “A model for the formation and evolution of structure of initial loess deposits” (submitted to Geophysical Research Letters).

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2019-Dec)

2019-Dec Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2019-Nov)

2019-Nov Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2020-Jun)

2020-Jun Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2020-Feb)

2020-Feb Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2020-Mar)

2020-Mar Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2020-Apr)

2020-Apr Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2021-Feb)

2021-Feb Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2021-Mar)

2021-Mar Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2020-May)

2020-May Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2021-Jan)

2021-Jan Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

Wallops SuperDARN data in netCDF format (2020-Dec)

2020-Dec Wallops SuperDARN radar data in netCDF format. These files were produced using versions 2.5 and 3.0 of the public FitACF algorithm, using the AACGM v2 coordinate system. Cite this dataset if using our data in a publication.The RST is available here: https://github.com/SuperDARN/rstThe research enabled by SuperDARN is due to the efforts of teams of scientists and engineers working in many countries to build and operate radars, process data and provide access, develop and improve data products, and assist users in interpretation. Users of SuperDARN data and data products are asked to acknowledge this support in presentations and publications. A brief statement on how to acknowledge use of SuperDARN data is provided below.Users are also asked to consult with a SuperDARN PI prior to submission of work intended for publication. A listing of radars and PIs with contact information can be found here: (<a href="http://vt.superdarn.org/tiki-index.php?page=Radar+Overview">SuperDARN Radar Overview</a>)Recommended form of acknowledgement for the use of SuperDARN data:'The authors acknowledge the use of SuperDARN data. SuperDARN is a collection of radars funded by national scientific funding agencies of Australia, Canada, China, France, Italy, Japan, Norway, South Africa, United Kingdom and the United States of America.'

MSR Simulation With cGEMS: Fission Product Release And Aerosol Formation

The release of fission products and fuel materials from a molten salt fast reactor fuel in hypothetical accident conditions was investigated. The molten salt fast reactor in this investigation features a fast neutron spectrum, operating in the thorium cycle, and it uses LiF-ThF4-UF4 as a fuel salt. A coupling between the severe accident code MELCOR and thermodynamical equilibrium solver GEMS, the so-called cGEMS, with the updated HERACLES database was used in the modeling work. The work was carried out in the frame of the EU SAMOSAFER project. At the beginning of the simulation, the fuel salt is assumed to be drained from the reactor to the bottom of a confinement building. The containment atmosphere is nitrogen. The fission products and salt materials are heated by the decay heat, and due to heating, they are evaporated from the surface of a molten salt pool. The chemical system in this investigation included the following elements: Li, F, Th, U, Zr, Np, Pu, Sr, Ba, La, Ce, and Nd. In addition to the release of radioactive materials from the fuel salt, the formation of aerosols and the vapor phase species in the modeled confinement were determined.

"Dynamics of Endothelial Engagement and Filopodia Formation in Complex 3D Microscaffolds" : Raw Data

Raw data of the paper "Dynamics of Endothelial Engagement and Filopodia Formation in Complex 3D Microscaffolds",   International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2022. Abstract: The understanding of endothelium–extracellular matrix interactions during the initiation of new blood vessels is of great medical importance; however, the mechanobiological principles governing endothelial protrusive behaviours in 3D microtopographies remain imperfectly understood. In blood capillaries submitted to angiogenic factors (such as vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF), endothelial cells can transiently transdifferentiate in filopodia-rich cells, named tip cells, from which angiogenesis processes are locally initiated. This protrusive state based on filopodia dynamics contrasts with the lamellipodia-based endothelial cell migration on 2D substrates. Using two-photon polymerization, we generated 3D microstructures triggering endothelial phenotypes evocative of tip cell behaviour. Hexagonal lattices on pillars (“open”), but not “closed” hexagonal lattices, induced engagement from the endothelial monolayer with the generation of numerous filopodia. The development of image analysis tools for filopodia tracking allowed to probe the influence of the microtopography (pore size, regular vs. elongated structures, role of the pillars) on orientations, engagement and filopodia dynamics, and to identify MLCK (myosin light-chain kinase) as a key player for filopodia-based protrusive mode. Importantly, these events occurred independently of VEGF treatment, suggesting that the observed phenotype was induced through microtopography. These microstructures are proposed as a model research tool for understanding endothelial cell behaviour in 3D fibrillary networks.