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Data from: Genes, geology, and germs: gut microbiota across a primate hybrid zone are explained by site soil properties, not host species
Gut microbiota in geographically isolated host populations are often distinct. These differences have been attributed to between-population differences in host behaviors, environments, genetics, and geographic distance. However, which factors are most important remains unknown. Here we fill this gap for baboons by leveraging information on 13 environmental variables from 14 baboon populations spanning a natural hybrid zone. Sampling across a hybrid zone allowed us to additionally test whether phylosymbiosis (codiversification between hosts and their microbiota) is detectable in admixed, closely related primates. We found little evidence of genetic effects: neither host genetic ancestry, host genetic relatedness, nor genetic distance between host populations were strong predictors of baboon gut microbiota. Instead, gut microbiota were best explained by the baboons' environments, especially the soil's geologic history and exchangeable sodium. Indeed, soil effects were 15 times stronger than those of host-population FST, perhaps because soil predicts which foods are present, or because baboons are terrestrial and consume soil microbes incidentally with their food. Our results support an emerging picture in which environmental variation is the dominant predictor of host-associated microbiomes. We are the first to show that such effects overshadow host species identity among members of the same primate genus.
Data from: An invasive species reverses the roles in a host-parasite relationship between bitterling fish and unionid mussels
The impact of multiple invading species can be magnified due to mutual facilitation, termed "invasional meltdown", but invasive species can also be adversely affected by their interactions with other invaders. Using a unique reciprocal host-parasite relationship between a bitterling fish, Rhodeus amarus, and unionid mussels, we show that an invasive mussel reverses the roles in the relationship. Bitterling lay their eggs into mussel gills, and mussel larvae parasitize fish. Bitterling recently colonized Europe and parasitize all sympatric European mussels, but are unable to utilize a recently invasive mussel, Anodonta woodiana. The parasitic larvae of A. woodiana successfully develop on R. amarus, while larvae of European mussels are rejected by bitterling. This demonstrates that invading species may temporarily benefit from a coevolutionary lag by exploiting evolutionarily naïve hosts, but the resulting relaxed selection may facilitate its exploitation by subsequent invading species, leading to unexpected consequences for established interspecific relationships.
FIGURES 3035 in A new species of Polydiscia (Acari, Prostigmata, Tanaupodidae) with reference to its host: a new species of Deuterosminthurus (Collembola, Symphypleona, Bourletiellidae)
FIGURES 3035. Deuterosminthurus bisetosus sp. nov. 30. Antennae of male. 31. Antennae of female (a and b with sensillae of dorsal side; c with special setae of posteroventral side). 32. Chaetotaxy of the furcula (according to Nayrolles's 1990 nomenclature) (Bar: 0.1 mm). 33. Chaetotaxy of the head. The white arrow points to the oval organ (abbreviations: c, cervical; v, vertical; o, ocular; d, dorsal; a, anterior; sd, subdorsal; g, genal; cp, clipeal posterior; cc, clipeal central; cm, clipeal medial; cma, clipeal medial anterior; ca, clipeal anterior; pl, prelabral). 34. Seta Sd'4 (black arrow in D) (Bar: 0.01 mm). 35. Female anal appendage (Bar: 10 m)
FIGURES 2629 in A new species of Polydiscia (Acari, Prostigmata, Tanaupodidae) with reference to its host: a new species of Deuterosminthurus (Collembola, Symphypleona, Bourletiellidae)
FIGURES 2629. Deuterosminthurus bisetosus sp. nov. 26. Some setae of the body. a: row 15 of great abdomen of male; b: row 15 of great abdomen of female; c: row 1011 of great abdomen of male; d: row 10 of great abdomen of female; e: seta ventrolateral lightly swollen, posterior to lateral sensilla (arrow in Figure 27), male; f: seta ventrolateral lightly swollen, posterior to lateral sensilla of female; g: second 'i' seta (contiguous to lateral sensilla 's') of male; h: lateral sensilla 's' of male; i: second 'i' seta (contiguous to lateral sensilla 's') of female; j: lateral sensilla 's' of female; k: trichobothria D of female; l: trichobothria E of female (Bar: 10 m). 27. Chaetotaxy of great and small abdomen of male (nomenclature modified from Betsch & Bretfeld, 1991). The hollow arrows points to the oval organs. 28. Chaetotaxy of great and small abdomen of female. The black arrow points to the setae drawn in 26f. The hollow arrows points to the oval organs. 29. Lateral colour pattern of a semipale specimen from Otazu (Navarra) (Bar: 10 m)
FIGURES 1925 in A new species of Polydiscia (Acari, Prostigmata, Tanaupodidae) with reference to its host: a new species of Deuterosminthurus (Collembola, Symphypleona, Bourletiellidae)
FIGURES 1925. Deuterosminthurus bisetosus sp. nov. 19. Antenna of male. 20. Antenna of female. 21. Distal part of Ant. IV of a female (identical in the male). 22. Outline of the antenna of other female. 23. Arrangement of the setae on tibiotarsus (according to Nayrolles's 1987 nomenclature): a, leg I; b, leg II; c, leg III. 24. Setae of tibiotarsus: a, leg I; b, leg II; c, leg III. The hollow arrows points to the oval organs. 25. Whorl I of leg I. (Bar: 0,1 mm, except for C, D and G)
FIGURES 713 in A new species of Polydiscia (Acari, Prostigmata, Tanaupodidae) with reference to its host: a new species of Deuterosminthurus (Collembola, Symphypleona, Bourletiellidae)
FIGURES 713. Polydiscia deuterosminthurus sp. nov. 7. Body dorsal view. 8. Body ventral view. 9. S seta. 10. Dorsal seta c1. 11. Genua, tibia and tarsus of left leg I: dorsal view. 12. Genua, tibia and tarsus of left leg II: dorsal view. 13. Tarsus of left leg III: dorsal view. (Bar 7 and 8: 100 m; 9 to 13: 10 m).
FIGURES 56–63. Leptopilina boulardi. 56 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 56–63. Leptopilina boulardi. 56. Head, anterior view (407x, 20 m); 57. Female antenna (309x, 20 m); 58. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (267x, 20 m); 59. Pronotal plate (790x, 20 m); 60. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (100x, 100 m); 61. Mesosoma, dorsal view (335x, 20 m); 62. Forewing (10x, 0.14mm); 63. Metacoxa (230x, 100 m).
FIGURES 48–55. Aganaspis nordlanderi. 48 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 48–55. Aganaspis nordlanderi. 48. Head, anterior view (174x, 100 m); 49. Female antenna (66x, 250 m); 50. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (84x, 100 m); 51. Pronotal plate (105x, 100 m); 52, Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (35x, 500 m); 53. Mesosoma, dorsal view (74x, 250 m); 54. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 55. Metacoxa (120x, 100 m).
FIGURES 40–47. Trybliographa infuscata. 40 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 40–47. Trybliographa infuscata. 40. Head, anterior view (218x, 100 m); 41. Female antenna (109x, 100 m); 42. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (182x, 100 m); 43. Pronotal plate (568x, 20 m); 44. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (161x, 100 m); 45. Mesosoma, dorsal view (193x, 100 m); 46. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 47. Metacoxa (161x, 100 m).
FIGURES 3239. Aganaspis pelleranoi. 32 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 3239. Aganaspis pelleranoi. 32. Head, anterior view (170x, 100 m); 33. Female antenna (97x, 100 m); 34. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (130x, 100 m); 35. Pronotal plate (288x, 100 m); 36. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (48x, 250 m); 37. Mesosoma, dorsal view (64x, 250 m); 38. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 39. Metacoxa (163x, 100 m).
FIGURES 24–31. Odontosema anastrephae. 24 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 24–31. Odontosema anastrephae. 24. Head, anterior view (201x, 100 m); 25. Female antenna (135x, 100 m); 26. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (145x, 100 m); 27. Pronotal plate (130x, 100 m); 28. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (37x, 250 m); 29. Mesosoma, dorsal view (68x, 250 m); 30. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 31. Metacoxa (84x, 100 m).
FIGURES 16–23. Dicerataspis grenadensis. 16 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 16–23. Dicerataspis grenadensis. 16. Head, anterior view (140x, 100 m); 17. Female antenna (204x, 100 m); 18. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (280x, 100 m); 19. Pronotal plate (366x, 20 m); 20. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (120x, 100 m); 21. Mesosoma, dorsal view (130x, 100 m); 22. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 23. Metacoxa (130x, 100 m).
FIGURES 1–8. Lopheucoila anastrephae. 1 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 1–8. Lopheucoila anastrephae. 1. Head, anterior view (183x, 100 m); 2. Female antenna (58x, 250 m); 3. Flagellomerous 1 and 2 of male (170x, 100 m); 4. Pronotal plate (160x, 100 m); 5. Head, mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (74x, 250 m); 6. Mesosoma, dorsal view (172x, 100 m); 7. Forewing (10x, 0,5mm); 8. Metacoxa (163x, 100 m).
FIGURES 9–15. Tropideucoila weldi. 9 in Eucoilinae species (Hymenoptera: Cynipoidea: Figitidae) parasitoids of fruitinfesting dipterous larvae in Brazil: identity, geographical distribution and host associations
FIGURES 9–15. Tropideucoila weldi. 9. Head, anterior view (228x, 100 m); 10. Female antenna (179x, 100 m); 11. Pronotal plate (391x, 20 m); 12. Mesosoma and anterior part of metasoma, lateral view (168x, 100 m); 13. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view (215x, 100 m); 14. Forewing (10x, 0,25mm); 15. Metacoxa (261x, 100 m).
FIGURES 36-38. Deuterosminthurus bisetosus FIGURES 39-42 in A new species of Polydiscia (Acari, Prostigmata, Tanaupodidae) with reference to its host: a new species of Deuterosminthurus (Collembola, Symphypleona, Bourletiellidae)
FIGURES 36-38. Deuterosminthurus bisetosus FIGURES 39-42. Deuterosminthurus bisetosus sp. sp. nov. 36. Colour pattern of a completely pale nov. 39. Colour pattern of a pale specimen from Otazu specimen from Otazu (central Navarra). 37. (north of Navarra). 40. Red coloured specimen from Generalised coloration of the species, with pale 'Vedado de Egüaras' (south of Navarra). 41. Dark patbrown-violet patches. 38. Orange-red coloured tern of a specimen from Benalmádena (Málaga, south specimen from 'Vedado de Egüaras' (southern of Iberian Peninsula). 42. Lateral view of a specimen Navarra). In all cases the intensity of the colou- from Otazu showing the dark insertion area of the triration is variable (Bar: 0,25 mm). chobothria.
FIGURES 36 in A new species of Polydiscia (Acari, Prostigmata, Tanaupodidae) with reference to its host: a new species of Deuterosminthurus (Collembola, Symphypleona, Bourletiellidae)
FIGURES 36. Polydiscia deuterosminthurus sp. nov. 3. Detail of the gnathosoma, including blade movable digit and palpal tibiatarsus (Bar: 10 m). 4. Detail of pretarsus, sickleshape empodium and claws, leg I (Bar: 5 m). 5. Dorsal view of anterior part of body, gnathosoma and prodorsum (Bar: 20 m). 6. Dorsal view of the chelicera apex and adoral setae (Bar: 2 m).
FIGURES 12. 1 in A new species of Polydiscia (Acari, Prostigmata, Tanaupodidae) with reference to its host: a new species of Deuterosminthurus (Collembola, Symphypleona, Bourletiellidae)
FIGURES 12. 1. Deuterosminthurus bisetosus sp. nov. with Polydiscia deuterosminthurus sp. nov. on it. 2. Habitus of Polydiscia deuterosminthurus sp. nov. (Bar: 0.1 mm)
FIGURES 1418 in A new species of Polydiscia (Acari, Prostigmata, Tanaupodidae) with reference to its host: a new species of Deuterosminthurus (Collembola, Symphypleona, Bourletiellidae)
FIGURES 1418. Deuterosminthurus bisetosus sp. nov. 14. Habitus of a female (Bar: 100 m). 15. Ja seta of leg I (Bar: 2 m). 16. Anal appendage of female (Bar: 10 m). 17. Mucro and detail of its tip (Bar: 10 m). 18. Distal part of leg III (Bar: 10 m)
FIGURE 26 in New species and host associations of commensal leucothoid amphipods from coral reefs in Florida and Belize (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
FIGURE 26. Comparison of (left to right) the gnathopods 1, 2; and head of two leucothoid species. Row A: Leucothoe urospinosa Serejo, 1998; Row B: Leucothoe laurensi Thomas and Ortiz, 1995.
FIGURE 23 in New species and host associations of commensal leucothoid amphipods from coral reefs in Florida and Belize (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
FIGURE 23. Comparison of (left to right) the gnathopod 1, gnathopod 2, and head of four new leucothoid species; Row A: Leucothoe ashleyae; Row B: Leucothoe kensleyi; Row C: Leucothoe barana n.sp.; Row D: Leucothoe garifunae n.sp.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.