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3,183 results for “parenting”
FIGURES 24–25. Neurigona grisea Parent, 1944. Male. 24 in Notes on the Neurigona Rondani (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Chinese Mainland
FIGURES 24–25. Neurigona grisea Parent, 1944. Male. 24. Apical portion of wing; 25. genitalia, lateral view.
Fig. 1 in Effect Of Parental Care On The Duration Of Larval Development And Offspring Survival In Nicrophorus Mexicanus Matthews (Coleoptera: Silphidae)
Fig. 1. Differences in time development among the three experimental groups in N. mexicanus Mattews. 1.—Control group; 2.—Broodmass present and parents removed; 3.—Without parental care (brood mass not present and parents removed).
Fig. 2 in Effect Of Parental Care On The Duration Of Larval Development And Offspring Survival In Nicrophorus Mexicanus Matthews (Coleoptera: Silphidae)
Fig. 2. Differences between the number of adults emerged in each of the three experimental groups in N. mexicanus Matthews. 1.—Control group; 2.—Broodmass present and parents removed; 3.—Without parental care (brood mass not present and parents removed).
Excel data of the 116 Tunisian participants and their parents
<p>This Excel files includes the numerical data of the 116 participants (children and adlolescents) and their parents</p>
3647 High Qality SNP data for Parent Lines and Hybrids of chilli pepper
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Dataset for: Improving parent-austenite twinned grain reconstruction using electron backscatter diffraction in low carbon austenite
<p><strong>Improving parent-austenite twinned grain reconstruction using electron backscatter diffraction in low carbon austenite</strong></p> <p><strong> </strong>Ruth M. Birch<sup>1</sup>*, T. Ben Britton<sup>1</sup>, W. J. Poole<sup>1</sup></p> <p>1. Department of Materials Engineering, University of British Columbia, Frank Forward Building, 309-6350 Stores Road, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4</p> <p>*corresponding author: ruth.birch@ubc.ca</p> <p>---</p> <p><strong>Abstract: <br></strong></p> <p>Thermomechanical controlled processing (TMCP) is widely used to optimize the final properties of high strength low alloy (HSLA) steels, via microstructure engineering. The room temperature microstructures are influenced by the high temperature austenite phase, and the austenite microstructure <span>is commonly</span><span>can be</span> accessed by reconstruction using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) data of the final microstructure. A challenge for reconstruction of the <span>PAG </span><span>parent austenite grain (PAG) </span>microstructure and subsequent austenite grain size measurement is the presence of austenite-phase annealing twins, and we address<span> this</span> challenge with a new <span>‘</span>re-sort<span>’</span> algorithm. Our algorithm has been validated using the retained austenite regions (which were recovered via advanced pattern matching of EBSD patterns). We demonstrate that the re-sort algorithm improves the PAG reconstruction significantly, especially for the grain boundary network and correlation with other methods of grain size assessment and development of TMCP steels.</p> <p>---</p> <p><strong>Dataset includes:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Higher quality figures</li> <li>EBSD dataset with/without pattern matching:<br> <ul> <li>1mm map Specimen 1 Site 1 Map Data 1-Subset 1.h5oina</li> <li>1mm map Specimen 1 Site 1 Map Data 1-Subset 1-PatternMatching.h5oina</li> </ul> </li> <li>Code bundle</li> </ul>
Parental leave intentions, gender, and job discrimination
<p>This upload is connected to the article "Parental Leave Intentions, Gender, and Job Discrimination: Insights from a Swedish Field Experiment" published in LABOUR: Review of Labour Economics and Industrial Relations. </p> <p>The file "Data" contains the raw data and the file "Code" contains the Stata-code for reproducing all figures and tables in the article and the supporting information. Variable descriptions can be found in the supporting information as well as in the data and code files. </p> <p>The earlier version contains the same data but was named with an old preliminary title.</p>
Patterns of hybrid seed inviability in perennials of the Mimulus guttatus sp. complex reveal a potential role of parental conflict in reproductive isolation
<p>Genomic conflicts may play a central role in the evolution of reproductive barriers. Theory predicts that early-onset hybrid inviability may stem from conflict between parents for resource allocation to offspring. <span>Here we describe <i>M. decorus;</i> a group of cryptic species within the <i>M. guttatus </i>species complex that are largely reproductively isolated by hybrid seed inviability (HSI). HSI between <i>M. guttatus </i>and <i>M. decorus </i>is common and strong, but populations of <i>M. decorus </i>vary in the magnitude and directionality of HSI with <i>M. guttatus</i>. Patterns of HSI between <i>M. guttatus </i>and <i>M. decorus, </i>as well as within <i>M. decorus </i>conform to the predictions of parental conflict: firstly, reciprocal F1s exhibit size differences and parent-of-origin specific endosperm defects, secondly the extent of asymmetry between reciprocal F1 seed size is correlated with asymmetry in HSI, and lastly, inferred differences in the extent of conflict predict the extent of HSI between populations. We also find that HSI is rapidly evolving, as populations that exhibit the most HSI are each others' closest relative. Lastly, while all populations are largely outcrossing, we find that the differences in the inferred strength of conflict scale positively with </span><span>p</span><span>, suggesting that demographic or life history factors may influence the rate of parental conflict driven evolution. Overall, these patterns suggest the rapid evolution of parent-of-origin specific resource allocation alleles coincident with HSI within and between <i>M. guttatus </i>and <i>M. decorus. </i>Parental conflict may therefore be an important evolutionary driver of reproductive isolation. </span></p>
Figure 2 in Reproductive biology of direct developing and threatened frog Adelophryne maranguapensis (Anura, Eleutherodactylidae) reveals a cryptic reproductive mode for anurans and the first record of parental care for the genus
Figure 2. Climatic parameters in Serra de Maranguape between the months of April 2010 and April 2012. Precipitation (columns); maximum relative humidity of air (blue line), minimum relative humidity of air (blue dashes), maximum temperature (red line), minimum temperature (red dashes), musical note (occurrence of vocalisations), egg (presence of egg masses); * without field work.
FIGURE 5. Morphological comparison between the natural hybrid and its putative parents. A–C in Catasetum × sheyllae (Orchidaceae: Catasetinae), a new natural hybrid from Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 5. Morphological comparison between the natural hybrid and its putative parents. A–C. Catasetum × sheyllae. D–F. Catasetum boyi. G–I. Catasetum garnettianum. Photographs by A.H. Krahl.
mock parental/ caregiver interview for pediatric feeding intake
<p>This is a mock interview. It covers most of the basics. Good to conduct this type of interview prior to home baseline and assessment. </p>
Data from: Parent-offspring conflict and its outcome under uni-and biparental care
<p>Conflicts over parental investment are predicted to be common among family members, especially between parents and their offspring. Parent–offspring conflict has been studied in many brood-caring organisms, but whether its outcome is closer to the parental or offspring optimum is usually unknown, as is whether the presence of a second parent, a caring male partner, can affect the outcome. Here, we manipulated the initial brood size of single and paired female burying beetles to examine how many offspring are necessary to maintain parental care in the current brood. We found that mothers continued to invest in small broods even if their reproductive output would have been higher if they had discontinued their care and produced a second brood instead. Consequently, our data suggests that the offspring have the upper hand in the conflict. However, our results further show that paired females laid a second egg clutch more often and produced more offspring than single females, suggesting that the presence of a male partner shifts the conflict outcome towards the parental optimum. This latter result not only is a novel aspect of parent–offspring theory, but also represents an additional factor that might explain the evolution of biparental care.</p>
Raw coordinates and measurements from: Like parent, like child -Ontogenetic development of claws of intertidal arthropods (Acari, Oribatida) from different ecological niches
<p>The shape of claws of adult air-breathing intertidal oribatid mites shows a strong correlation with ecology. As nothing is known about juvenile characteristics of this trait, the ontogenetic development of these attachment devices was studied for the first time with comprehensive geometric morphometric methods. In nine investigated species, claws of immature stages can be classified into the same ecological categories as adults, i.e. juveniles of several rock-dwelling species already show higher and stronger curved claw shapes with smaller claw angles, while juvenile instars of the single investigated mangrovedwelling species possess lower and less curved claws with wider claw angles. For each species, claw curvature is almost static during the complete development and claw length grows directly proportional with increasing body size. Developmental changes in body size and weight are thus mainly compensated by a simple relative growth in size. Despite the finding that claw shapes of early developmental stages are already classifiable into ecological categories, their shapes also change slightly during development to become more 'rock', 'mix' or 'mangrove'-like, respectively. The present results demonstrate that ecology is also the most important factor in shaping the claws of immatures and that attachment in the intertidal environment is vital for the survival of each mobile stage.</p>
Replication Archive for "Parental Disability and Teenagers' Time Allocation"
<p>This archive includes the STATA code to replicate all results in the referenced paper.</p>
Sex-specific influence of communal breeding experience on parenting performance and fitness in a burying beetle
<p>Communal breeding, wherein multiple conspecific individuals live and reproduce together during a single breeding event, may generate immediate benefits in terms of defence and reproduction. However, the carry-over effects of events in communal breeding on individual behaviour and fitness remain less studied. We experimentally tested the immediate and carry-over effects of communal breeding on parenting performance and fitness in the burying beetle (<em><span>Nicrophorus vespilloides</span></em>). These beetles bury carcasses as food resource for their offspring and themselves, and provide extended care to the developing larvae on the buried carcass. We subjected individuals of varying sizes to communal (i.e. group-breeding) or non-communal breeding (i.e. pair-breeding) experience during their first breeding event, and subsequently to non-communal breeding during their second breeding event, and measured parental effort and reproductive success during both breeding events. In communal groups, large individuals became dominant and monopolized the carcass. At the first breeding attempt, large males in communal groups spent more time providing care than large males in non-communal groups, while such a difference was not observed for large females and small females or males in communal and non-communal groups. Reproductive success was similar for individuals that bred in communal and non-communal groups during their first reproductive event, indicating no significant immediate benefits of communal breeding in terms of reproduction. Compared to males that originated from non-communal groups, males from communal groups produced a similar number, but heavier larvae during their second breeding attempt, whereas such an effect was not observed for females. Our results provide evidence for sex-specific effects of communal breeding experience on parenting performance and fitness. Such observed sex differences in carry-over effects of communal breeding on fitness may generate sexual conflict over parental effort in social animals.</p>
What is a Good School, and Can Parents Tell? Evidence on the Multidimensionality of School Output
<p>The package contains all the code necessary to reproduce the figures and tables in Beuermann, Jackson, Navarro-Sola and Pardo (forthcoming). "What is a Good School, and Can Parents Tell? Evidence on the Multidimensionality of School Output." Review of Economic Studies. Detailed instructions are also given about requesting access to the raw data.</p>
Data for: Heritability and parental effects in telomere length in a color polymorphic long-lived bird
<p>Telomere length, an indicator of senescence, has been shown to be heritable but can also be affected by environmental factors, like parental effects. Investigating heritability as well as parental effects and rearing environment can help us to understand the factors affecting offspring telomeres. Moreover, how phenotypic parental traits linked with fitness can impact offspring telomere length is still unclear. A phenotypic marker closely associated with physiological traits and fitness is melanin-based color polymorphism, which in tawny owl (<em>Strix aluco</em>) is highly heritable and strongly associated with adult telomere shortening and survival. We studied narrow-sense heritability (h<sup>2</sup>) of telomere length (RTL), as well as the impact of parental age and color morph and their interaction on offspring telomere length. Offspring RTL at fledging was strongly positively correlated with both mother and father RTL at breeding. Offspring RTL was also negatively associated with father age, suggesting that older fathers sired offspring with shorter telomeres. Parental color morph did not explain offspring telomere length and there were no interactive effects of parental morph and age, despite previously documented morph-specific senescence patterns. Our results suggest that telomere length is highly heritable and affected by paternal age, but not related to color polymorphism. This suggests that either morph-specific telomere shortening as adult does not result in significantly shorter telomeres in their gametes, or that parents compensate morph-specific senescence via parental care. Morph-specific patterns of telomere dynamics in polymorphic species may thus emerge from different life-history strategies adopted in adulthood.</p>
On the hybrid origin of the C2 Salsola divaricata agg. (Amaranthaceae) from C3 and C4 parental lineages
<p>C<sub>2</sub> photosynthesis is characterized by recapturing photorespiratory CO<sub>2</sub> by RuBisCO in Kranz-like cells and is therefore physiologically intermediate between C<sub>3</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> photosynthesis. C<sub>2</sub> can be interpreted as an evolutionary precursor of C<sub>4</sub> and/or as the result of hybridization between a C<sub>3</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> lineage.</p> <p>We compared the expression of photosynthetic traits among populations of the <em>Salsola divaricata </em>agg. (C<sub>2</sub>) from humid subtropical to arid habitats on the coasts of the Canary Islands and Morocco and subjected them to salt and drought treatments. We screened for enhanced C<sub>4</sub>-like expression of traits related to habitat or treatment. We estimated species trees with a transcriptome dataset of Salsoleae and explored patterns of gene tree discordance. With phylogenetic networks and hybridization analyses we tested for hybrid origin of the <em>Salsola divaricata </em>agg.</p> <p>We observed distinct independent variation of photosynthetic traits within and among populations and no clear evidence for selection towards C<sub>4</sub>-like trait expression in more stressful habitats or treatments. We found reticulation and gene tree incongruence in Salsoleae supporting a putative hybrid origin of the <em>Salsola divaricata </em>agg.</p> <p>C<sub>2</sub> photosynthesis in the <em>Salsola divaricata </em>agg. combines traits inherited from its C<sub>3</sub> and C<sub>4</sub> parental lineages and seems evolutionarily stable, possibly well adapted to a wide climatic amplitude.</p>
Data from: Induced parental care in a poison frog: a tadpole cross-fostering experiment
Understanding the external stimuli and natural contexts that elicit complex behaviours, such as parental care, is key in linking behavioural mechanisms to their real-life function. Poison frogs provide obligate parental care by shuttling their tadpoles from terrestrial clutches to aquatic nurseries, but little is known about the proximate mechanisms that control these behaviours. In this study, we used Allobates femoralis, a poison frog with predominantly male parental care, to investigate whether tadpole transport can be induced in both sexes by transferring unrelated tadpoles to the backs of adults in the field. Specifically, we asked whether the presence of tadpoles on an adult's back can override the decision-making rules preceding tadpole pick-up and induce the recall of spatial memory necessary for finding tadpole deposition sites. We used telemetry to facilitate accurate tracking of individual frogs and spatial analysis to compare movement trajectories. All tested individuals transported their foster-tadpoles to water pools outside their home area. Contrary to our expectation, we found no sex difference in the likelihood to transport or in the spatial accuracy of finding tadpole deposition sites. We reveal that a stereotypical cascade of parental behaviours that naturally involves sex-specific offspring recognition strategies and the use of spatial memory can be manipulated by experimental placement of unrelated tadpoles on adult frogs. As individuals remained inside their home area when only the jelly from tadpole-containing clutches was brushed on the back, we speculate that tactile rather than chemical stimuli trigger these parental behaviours.
FIGURE. Natural hybrids of Drosera sect. Drosera in Brazil. Drosera cayennensis × D. hirtella: a, rosette with emerging inflorescence (Cristalina, GO). Drosera communis × D. hirtella: b, rosette with emerging inflorescence (Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, GO). Drosera communis × D. lutescens: c, rosette with emerging inflorescence (Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães, MT). Drosera hirtella × D. lutescens (d, e): comparison between the hybrid (center) and the two parental species, D. hirtella (left) and D. lutescens (right); d, rosettes; e, scapes (Serra dos Pirineus, GO). Photo credits: a, b by PMG; c by Marcos Cardoso; d by FR. in A synopsis of the genus Drosera (Droseraceae) in Brazil
FIGURE. Natural hybrids of Drosera sect. Drosera in Brazil. Drosera cayennensis × D. hirtella: a, rosette with emerging inflorescence (Cristalina, GO). Drosera communis × D. hirtella: b, rosette with emerging inflorescence (Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Veadeiros, GO). Drosera communis × D. lutescens: c, rosette with emerging inflorescence (Parque Nacional da Chapada dos Guimarães, MT). Drosera hirtella × D. lutescens (d, e): comparison between the hybrid (center) and the two parental species, D. hirtella (left) and D. lutescens (right); d, rosettes; e, scapes (Serra dos Pirineus, GO). Photo credits: a, b by PMG; c by Marcos Cardoso; d by FR.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.