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19,293 results for “western”
Western Electric Tangent Galvanometer
Smithsonian source data can be found [here](https://ids.si.edu/ids/media_view?id=3d_package:b8360103-172b-4ab2-a6ac-ab7ee9786876) This media file is in the public domain (free of copyright restrictions). You can copy, modify, and distribute this work without contacting the Smithsonian. For more information and to review the 3D disclaimer, visit the Smithsonian's [Terms of Use](https://www.si.edu/Termsofuse) page. Western Electric tangent galvanometer Maker: Western Electric Measurements: 8 1/2 in x 7 1/2 in x 8 in; 21.59 cm x 19.05 cm x 20.32 cm Object Name: Galvanometer, Tangent galvanometer Date Made: ca 1870 Credit Line: from Western Union Corporation ID Number: EM.332099 Accession Number: 294351 Catalog Number: 332099 Collector/Donor Number: 100-678 Data Source: National Museum of American History EDAN-URL: edanmdm:nmah_703325 Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Western church - Mobile GameReady
all in 1 atlas , leave a like if it's usefull to you also i'll be very happy if i see my work in your game or something... Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Column base, Gujurat, Western India
11th Century AD "This stone base, carved with a series of dancing female figures, would have supported a temple column. It is of a type seen in the Jain temples at Mt Abu, and Ranakpur where deeply-cut tracery styles of sculpture are found." - British Museum *Uploading a second time to make downloadable as there was an error in previous upload.* Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Plate IV Daspletosaurus torosus, NMC 8506 in Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada
Plate IV Daspletosaurus torosus, NMC 8506. Forelimb seen in ventral aspect.
Plate III Daspletosaurus torosus, NMC 8506. Forelimb seen in dorsal aspect. in Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada
Plate III Daspletosaurus torosus, NMC 8506. Forelimb seen in dorsal aspect.
Figure 9 in Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada
Figure 9 Daspletosaurus torosus, reconstruction of the palate in ventral aspect, based on NMC 8506.
Figure 7 in Tyrannosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of western Canada
Figure 7 Daspletosaurus torosus, reconstruction of the skull in dorsal aspect, based on NMC 8506.
Harmful Ostreopsis cf. ovata blooms could extend in time span with climate change in the Western Mediterranean Sea
<p>The data and R script provided are related to a study that aimed at simulating the abundance of <em>Ostreopsis cf. ovata</em> in the Western Mediterranean basin, under current and future climate conditions. We obtained <em>O. cf. ovata</em> abundance time series as part of long-term monitoring programs. We then statistically correct physical and biogeochemical reanalysis of the Mediterranean Sea to match in situ environmental conditions to use them as predictors of <em>O cf. ovata </em>cell abundance. Present and future climate simulations are also statistically corrected to fit the distribution of reanalysis. After calibrating and testing our niche model, we used it to identify the main environmental factors that explain <em>O. cf. ovata</em> abundance patterns and, in particular, the occurrence of large blooms in some regions.</p>
Data from: Tamm Review: a meta-analysis of thinning, prescribed fire, and wildfire effects on subsequent wildfire severity in conifer dominated forests of the Western US
<p>Increased understanding of how active forest management (i.e., mechanical thinning, prescribed burning, and managed wildfire) affects subsequent wildfire severity is urgently needed as people and forests face a growing wildfire crisis. In response, we reviewed scientific literature for the US West and completed a meta-analysis that answered three questions: (1) How much do treatments reduce wildfire severity within treated areas? (2) How do the effects vary with treatment type, treatment age, and forest type? (3) How does fire weather moderate the effects of treatments? We found overwhelming evidence that mechanical thinning with prescribed burning, mechanical thinning with pile burning, and prescribed burning only are effective at reducing subsequent wildfire severity, resulting in reductions in severity from 62% to 72% relative to untreated areas. In comparison, thinning only was less effective – underscoring the importance of treating surface fuels when mitigating wildfire severity is the management goal. The efficacy of these treatments did not vary among forest types assessed in this study and was high across a range of fire weather conditions. Prior wildfire had more complex impacts on subsequent wildfire severity, which varied with forest type and initial wildfire severity. Across treatment types, we found that effectiveness of treatments declined over time, with the mean reduction in wildfire severity decreasing nearly threefold when wildfire occurred greater than 10 years after initial treatment. Our meta-analysis provides up-to-date information on the extent to which active forest management reduces wildfire severity and facilitates better outcomes for people and forests during future wildfire events. </p>
VCF for neutral data set and potential connectivity matrices of Harpagifer antarcticus, along the Western Antarctic Peninsula
<p>Connectivity is a fundamental process of population dynamics in marine ecosystems. In the last decade, with the emergence of new methods, combining different approaches to understand the patterns of connectivity among populations and their regulation has become increasingly feasible. The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is characterized by complex oceanographic dynamics, where local conditions could act as barriers to population connectivity. Here, the notothenioid fish <em>Harpagifer antarcticus</em>, a demersal species with a complex life cycle (adults with poor swim capabilities and pelagic larvae), was used to assess connectivity along the WAP by combining biophysical modeling and population genomics methods. Both approaches showed congruent patterns. Areas of larvae retention and low potential connectivity, observed in the biophysical model output, coincide with four genetic groups within the WAP: (1) South Shetland Islands, (2) Bransfield Strait, (3) the central, and (4) the southern area of WAP (Marguerite Bay). These genetic groups exhibited limited gene flow between them, consistent with local oceanographic conditions, which would represent barriers to larval dispersal. The joint effect of geographic distance and larval dispersal by ocean currents, had a greater influence on the observed population structure, than each variable evaluated separately. The combined effect of geographic distance and a complex oceanographic dynamic would be generating limited levels of population connectivity in the fish <em>H. antarcticus</em>along the WAP. Based on this population connectivity estimations, priority areas for conservation were discussed, considering the Marine Protected Area proposed for this threatened region of the Southern Ocean.</p>
Data for climate-resilient snowpack estimation in the Western United States
<p>Generated and preprocessed files for the resilient snowpack estimation project. All preprocessed data were originally produced by the WUS-D3 project (https://dept.atmos.ucla.edu/alexhall/downscaling-cmip6) or PRISM (https://www.prism.oregonstate.edu/).</p>
GHCN-daily: Western United States precipitation dataset
<p>This is a dataset of daily precipitation totals in the western United States (US) from January 1 1950 – February 29 2024. The dataset is based on daily precipitation measurements from 642 gauges across the western US, with periodic data gap-filling perfomed using estimates based on nearby gauges. From the daily records at the 642 gauge sites we produced a gridded record of daily precipitation totals at 0.25-degree resolution across the western US. The 642 gauges used as the basis for this dataset were selected for their uniquely long records and continuous coverage from the early 1950s through 2023. The purpose of producing this dataset was for evaluation of trends in sub-monthly cool-season (November–March) precipitation characteristics.</p>
DayCent-UV grassland productivity across the midwestern and western conterminous United States.
<p>This dataset provides information about daily and annual simulated aboveground plant productivity (ANPP) in grasslands grid cells across the midwestern and western conterminous United States from 1984 to 2015. Annual ANPP estimates from Rangeland Analysis Platform (RAP) are included for comparison.</p> <p><strong>Files Description:</strong></p> <ul> <li><strong>Grid_Cells_Shapefile.zip</strong></li> </ul> <p>Contains<strong> </strong>the spatial distribution for each simulated grassland grid cell. Each grid cell is identified by a <code>grid</code> number ranging from 0 to 2712, a <code>col</code> number increasing from west to east, and a <code>row</code> number increasing from south to north. </p> <ul> <li><strong>Daily_ANPP_DayCent-UV.zip:</strong></li> </ul> <p>Each NetCDF file contains the daily ANPP information for each grid cell during a specifc year. Daily ANPP for a grid cell can be acessed in the <code>cropANPP</code> variable, which depends on the grid cell identifier <code>row</code> and <code>col</code>, and <code>time</code> for the day of the year.</p> <p>For example, using the library <em>xarray</em> from Python, the daily ANPP value for a California grassland grid cell (grid : 1207, row: 78, col: 24) in day 150 in year 2000 can be obtained by using the following command lines:</p> <p>import xarray as xr</p> <p>dataset = xr.open_dataset( folder_directory + '/Daily_ANPP_DayCent-UV/daycent_cwrf_2000.nc')</p> <p>time = 150</p> <p>lon_index = 24</p> <p>lat_index = 78 </p> <p>value = dataset.cropANPP[time, lat_index, lon_index].values</p> <p>To calculate annual ANPP for each grid cell, sum the <code>cropANPP</code> values across all days within a file. </p> <ul> <li><strong>Annual_ANPP_DAYCENT-UV_1986-2015.csv</strong></li> </ul> <p>Contains the simulated annual ANPP in the <code>cum_ANPP</code> column (gC/m²), for each <code>year</code> and each grid cell identified by <code>grid</code>, <code>lon</code>, <code>lat</code> ,<code>row</code>, <code>col</code> (see shapefile description)</p> <ul> <li><strong>Annual_ANPP_RAP_1986-2015.csv</strong></li> </ul> <p>Provides RAP's annual ANPP estimates for each grid cell, identified by its <code>grid</code> number, by using two different equations: </p> <ul> <li> <ul> <li>Gerardhi & Sala equation: RAP-ANPP estimates are located in column <code>RAP_Sala_biomass</code> (g Biomass/m²), together with the annual fraction of carbon allocated to shoots in <code>fANPP_Sala</code></li> <li>Hiu equation: RAP-ANPP estimates are located in column <code>RAP_Hiu_biomass</code>, together with the annual fraction of carbon allocated to shoots in <code>fANPP_Hiu</code>.</li> </ul> </li> </ul> <p>We assumed a factor of 2.4 (gBiomass/m²)/(gC) to convert gC/m² to gBiomass/m².</p>
Sedimentary DNA of a human‐impacted lake in Western Canada (Cultus Lake) reveals changes in micro‐eukaryotic diversity over the past ~200 years
<p>Although the use of genetic analyses of sedimentary DNA to track changes in biodiversity has increased over the last decade, questions remain as to how well DNA captures past ecological conditions. Even less is known about how extracellular and intracellular DNA are archived in lake sediments and whether the two fractions yield similar information. Here we characterized the changes of micro‐eukaryotic communities over the past ~200 years in Cultus Lake (British Columbia, Canada), for which a rich body of limnological data and a pre‐existing multi‐proxy paleolimnological study exist. We generated and analyzed 18S rRNA gene amplicons and found that extracellular and intracellular DNA provided different insights, with the preservation of extracellular DNA compromised in sediments older than ~30 years. Principal Coordinates and indicator species analyses based on intracellular DNA showed that changes in micro‐eukaryotic diversity occurred at similar time periods as those identified with the classical paleolimnological study. For instance, decreases of Opisthokonta amplicons occurred during years with elevated numbers of sockeye salmon spawners, which might be associated with an increase of herbivory by juvenile sockeye salmon. Furthermore, two diatom species identified morphologically exhibited similar temporal dynamics to two diatom taxa identified genetically, suggesting that sedimentary DNA can track past diatom species changes as well as micro‐eukaryotic community changes. Overall, our study provides insights into the use of extracellular and intracellular DNA in sedimentary records and showed that sedimentary DNA enriches our understanding of micro‐eukaryotic community changes over centennial time scales.</p>
In-situ parameters, nutrients and dissolved carbon distribution in the water column and pore waters of Arctic Fjords (Western Spitsbergen) during a melting season
<p>A nutrient distribution such as phosphate (PO₄³⁻), ammonium (NH₄⁺), nitrate (NO₃⁻), dissolved silica (Si), total dissolved nitrogen (TN), dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) together with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and inorganic carbon (DIC), was investigated during a high melting season in 2021 in the western Spitsbergen fjords (Hornsund, Isfjorden, Kongsfjorden, and Krossfjorden). Both the water column and the pore water were investigated for nutrients and dissolved carbon distribution and gradients. The water column concentrations of most measured parameters such as PO₄³⁻, NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, Si, and DIC showed significant changes among fjords and water masses. In addition, pore water gradients of PO₄³⁻, NH₄⁺, NO₃⁻, Si, DIC and DOC revealed significant variability between fjords and are likely substantial sources of the investigated elements for the water column. The obtained dataset reflects differences in hydrography and biogeochemical ecosystem function of the western Spitsbergen fjords and may form the base for further modelling of physical oceanographic and biogeochemical processes within the investigated fjord systems.</p> <p> </p>
Data from: Restoring heathlands after afforestation on two islands in western Norway
<p><span>The ongoing loss of red-listed coastal heathlands is a threat to biodiversity and cultural heritage legacies throughout the Atlantic coastal regions of Europe. It is possible to restore degraded and afforested heathlands, but restoration interventions are often labour-intensive and costly, and the outcome of specific restoration actions is not well documented. We assess the efficiency of restoring coastal heathlands through natural succession (i.e. "passive restoration") after removal of Sitka spruce (<em>Picea</em> <em>sitchensis</em> (Bong.) Carr.) plantations. The study was replicated on two neighbouring islands in a nature reserve in Western Norway. Low-intensity free-range sheep grazing was implemented as part of the reserve management plan. Furthermore, we tested the effect of leaving the clear-felled woody material as chips on site, this being a cost-efficient strategy on islands. Succession was monitored 1, 2, 4/5 and 8 years after clear-felling, and revegetation of vascular plants and bryophytes was compared to target heathland vegetation. Surprisingly, we found different successional trajectories on the two islands. Species composition on one island approached target heathland vegetation during succession, but not on the other. Wood chips reduced species richness and slowed the restoration process, but these negative effects were only short-term (< 8 years). Differences in seed bank composition and soil conditions due to land use may explain the deviating successional trajectories on the two islands. We also found that management actions beyond clear-felling and introducing sheep grazing are necessary due to the rapid seed regeneration of the Sitka spruce.</span></p>
Habitat structural complexity predicts cognitive performance and behavior in western mosquitofish
<p>Urbanization and stream order alter freshwater habitat complexity (defined as the degree of variation in physical habitat structure). More complex habitats have more variation in habitat structure. Habitat complexity affects species composition and shapes animal ecology, behavior, and cognition. We used a delayed detour test to measure whether motor self-regulation and behavior of Western mosquitofish, <em>Gambusia affinis, </em>varied with habitat structural complexity that was quantified for nine populations. We predicted that motor self-regulation, motivation, and risk-taking behavior would increase with increasing habitat complexity, yet we found the opposite relationship. Lower complexity habitats offer less refuge which could increase predation pressure and select for greater risk-taking by fish with greater motor self-regulation. Our findings provide insight into how habitat complexity is related to cognitive processes and behavioral outcomes, and provide an explanation for why some species have a higher tolerance for urbanized environments.</p>
Figure 2. Western Panama. Localities for C. rufispinus and C in Notes on the tribe Chlorocorini with the description of a new species of Chlorocoris Spinola (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) from Panama
Figure 2. Western Panama. Localities for C. rufispinus and C. charluzae (see text).
FIG. 1 in Crocodylomorph and dinosaur tracks from the lowermost Jurassic of Le Veillon (western France): ichnotaxonomic revision of the type material (Lapparent collection)
FIG. 1. — Simplified geological map of the study area and location of the tracksite of Le Veillon.
Sentinel-1 snow depth assimilation to improve river discharge estimates in the western European Alps
<p>This data set contains model output presented in the following paper: I. Brangers, H. Lievens, A. Getirana, and G. J. M. De Lannoy. (2024). Sentinel-1 snow depth assimilation to improve river discharge estimates in the western European Alps. Water Resources Research. Under review.</p> <div>The model simulations were carried out in NASA's Land Information System (LIS), using the NoahMP v3.6 land surface model, forced with ERA5. The land surface model was coupled to the HyMAP routing algorithm to produce streamflow estimates. The data contains model results for the western European Alps for the period of 2015-2021 for two seperate cases. 1) The OL run: model run without assimilation of external observations; and 2) DA run: model run with the assimilation of Sentinel-1 snow depth observations.</div> <div> </div> <div>The zip-folders contain netcdf files for each day of the simulation period, for 1) the river discharge (_ROUTING), </div> <div>2) land surface model variables such as snow depth and SWE (_SURFACEMODEL_yyyy) grouped per year, and 3) variables related to the data assimilation such as the spread and innovations (_EnKF).</div>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.