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7,883 results for “Tropic”
FIGURE 6–12 in A new species of Choroterpes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from a tropical stream of south India
FIGURE 6–12. Nymph of C. alagarensis. 6, labrum; 7, right mandible, dorsal; 8) maxilla, ventral; 9) hypopharynx, ventral; 10, labium: right, ventral view, 11) fore claw of nymph and 12) gill IV.
FIGURE 1–5. C. alagarensis. 1 in A new species of Choroterpes (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae) from a tropical stream of south India
FIGURE 1–5. C. alagarensis. 1, fore wing; 2, hind wing; 3, lateral view of male abdominal segments; 4, tergites II – VII of male abdomen; 5, male genitalia.
Fig. 4 in Composition and Host-Use Patterns of a Scarab Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Community Inhabiting the Canopy of a Lowland Tropical Rainforest in Southern Venezuela
Fig. 4. Macraspis festiva feeding on flowers of Matayba guianensis in the canopy of the crane plot, Venezuela, 1997.
Fig. 5 in Composition and Host-Use Patterns of a Scarab Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Community Inhabiting the Canopy of a Lowland Tropical Rainforest in Southern Venezuela
Fig. 5. Number of individuals sampled per scarab beetle species on host trees regressed on the number of utilized host trees, Venezuela, 1997–1999.
Figs. 1–3 in Composition and Host-Use Patterns of a Scarab Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Community Inhabiting the Canopy of a Lowland Tropical Rainforest in Southern Venezuela
Figs. 1–3. Study site in Venezuela. 1) Crane used for access to the canopy of the lowland rainforest; 2) Canopy of the lowland rainforest; 3) Window trap in the canopy of the crane plot.
Fig. 6 in Composition and Host-Use Patterns of a Scarab Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Community Inhabiting the Canopy of a Lowland Tropical Rainforest in Southern Venezuela
Fig. 6. Total number of individuals sampled per scarab beetle species regressed on the number of months of occurrence, Venezuela, 1997–1999.
FIGURE 14 in Some new data on tropical western Pacific Ascidians
FIGURE 14. Leptoclinides planus: n. sp. A: thorax, B: larva, C: abdomen with an additional testis, D: abdomen with a single testis. Scale bars 0.5mm.
FIGURE 8 in Some new data on tropical western Pacific Ascidians
FIGURE 8. Spicules: A: Didemnum parau. B: Didemnum rodriguesi. C: Lissoclinum roseum. D: Lissoclinum timorensis. Scale bars: 10µm.
FIGURE 9 in The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species*
FIGURE 9. Salmoneus degravei sp. nov., holotype, breeding specimen from Isla Grande, Panama (USNM 1124213): a, smaller (= minor) cheliped, mesial; b, same, lateral; c, same, chela, lateral; d, larger (= major) cheliped, lateral; e, same, mesial; f, same, carpus and chela, "mesial"; g, same, fingers, lateral. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 8 in The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species*
FIGURE 8. Salmoneus degravei sp. nov., holotype, breeding female from Isla Grande, Panama (USNM 1124213): a, third maxilliped, lateral; b, same, tip of ultimate segment, lateral; c, same, basal portion, lateral; d, second pereiopod, lateral; e, third pereiopod, lateral; f, same, propodus and dactylus, lateral; g, fifth pereiopod, lateral. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURE 7 in The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species*
FIGURE 7. Salmoneus degravei sp. nov., holotype, breeding female from Isla Grande, Panama (USNM 1124213): a, frontal region, dorsal; b, same, lateral; c, rostro-orbital region of carapace, dorsal; d, same, lateral; e, tooth on ventromesial carina of first segment of antennular peduncle; f, basal portion of antennular flagella, lateral; g, second pleopod (with embryo); h, same, detail of appendix masculina and appendix interna; i, posterior pleurites and tail fan, lateral; j, preanal plate of sixth sternite, ventral; k, uropod, dorsal; l, telson, dorsal; m, same, detail of posterior margin. Breeding female from Tobago (USNM 1125421), n, rostro-orbital region of carapace, dorsal. Scale bars: 1 mm.
FIGURE 6 in The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species*
FIGURE 6. Salmoneus camaroncito sp. nov., holotype, breeding specimen from Isla Grande, Panama (USNM 1124211): a, major cheliped, lateral; b, same, chela, mesial; c, same, chela fingers opened, lateral; d, minor cheliped, lateral; e, same, carpus and chela, mesial. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 5 in The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species*
FIGURE 5. Salmoneus camaroncito sp. nov., holotype, breeding female from Isla Grande, Panama (USNM 1124211): a, frontal region, dorsal; b, same, lateral; c, tooth on ventromesial carina of first segment of antennular peduncle; d, third maxilliped, lateral; e, same, basal portion; f, second pereiopod, lateral; g, third pereiopod, lateral; h, second pleopod (with embryo); i, posterior pleurites and tail fan, lateral; j, preanal plate of sixth sternite, ventral; k, uropod, dorsal; l, telson, dorsal; non-type specimen from San Blas, Panama (USNM 1124212), m, rostro-orbital region of carapace, lateral; n, distal half of telson. Scale bars: a–l = 1 mm; m, n = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 4 in The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species*
FIGURE 4. Salmoneus armatus sp. nov., holotype, non-breeding specimen from Isla Grande, Panama (USNM 1124209): a, major cheliped, mesial; b, same, lateral; c, same, chela, "mesial"; d, minor cheliped, lateral; e, same, chela, mesial; f, second pereiopod, lateral; g, third pereiopod, lateral. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 3 in The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species*
FIGURE 3. Salmoneus armatus sp. nov., holotype, non-breeding specimen from Isla Grande, Panama (USNM 1124209): a, frontal region, dorsal; b, c, same, lateral; d, tooth on ventromesial carina of first segment of antennular peduncle; e, third maxilliped, lateral; f, same, basal portion; g, same, tip of ultimate segment; h, second pleopod; i, posterior pleurites and tail fan, lateral; j, preanal plate of sixth sternite, ventral; k, uropod, dorsal; l, telson, dorsal; nontype specimen from Bocas del Toro, Panama (USNM 1124210), m, rostro-orbital region of carapace, lateral. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species*
FIGURE 2. Salmoneus hispaniolensis sp. nov., holotype, breeding female from Boca Chica, Dominican Republic (USNM 1124214): a, major cheliped, mesial; b, same, lateral; c, same, chela, lateral; d, minor cheliped, lateral; e, same, chela, mesial; f, second pereiopod, lateral; g, third pereiopod, lateral. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in The shrimp genus Salmoneus Holthuis, 1955 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Alpheidae) in the tropical western Atlantic, with description of five new species*
FIGURE 1. Salmoneus hispaniolensis sp. nov., holotype, breeding female from Boca Chica, Dominican Republic (USNM 1124214): a, frontal region, dorsal; b, same, lateral; c, tooth on ventromesial carina of first segment of antennular peduncle; d, detail of antennular flagella, lateral; e, scaphocerite, dorsal; f, third maxilliped, lateral; g, same, basal portion; h, second pleopod (with embryo); i, posterior pleurites and tail fan, lateral; j, preanal plate of sixth sternite, ventral; k, uropod, dorsal; l, telson, dorsal. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Using niche centrality within the scope of the nearly neutral theory of evolution to predict genetic diversity in a tropical conifer species-pair
<p><b>Aim:</b> Estimating genetic diversity is key for understanging biogeographic and evolutionary processes. However, gathering genetic information is not feasible for all taxa or populations, particularly in the tropical regions. Identifying proxies for inferring such values has thus become essential. Here, we built on the niche centrality hypothesis (NCH; or central-abundance hypothesis) and the nearly neutral theory of evolution (NNT) to identify some of such proxies using a montane tropical conifer species-pair as model. The NCH predicts more genetic diversity under optimal ecological conditions, which should also allow for more efficient purifying selection, according to the NNT.</p> <p><b>Location:</b> The Transmexican Volcanic Belt, central Mexico.</p> <p><b>Taxa:</b> A fir species-pair endemic to central Mexico,<b> </b><i>Abies flinckii </i>and<i> A. religiosa.</i></p> <p><b>Methods:</b> We estimated patterns of genetic diversity from nuclear SSRs (<i>A</i>, <i>H</i><sub>E</sub>), and gene-coding sequences (<i>π</i><sub>S</sub>, <i>π</i><sub>N</sub>), together with the efficacy of purifying selection, measured as <i>π</i><sub>N</sub>/<i>π</i><sub>S</sub>. After testing for niche overlap, we used several geographic and ecological proxies (i.e. longitude, latitude, elevation, estimated area, and distance to the niche centroid in the present and in the LGM) to predict genetic diversity and <i>π</i><sub>N</sub>/<i>π</i><sub>S</sub> using general linear models.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> Populations at the west of the Trans Mexican Volcanic Belt (TVB) had lower genetic diversity than populations in the east of this mountain chain. Both species had significant niche overlap. The principal predictors for neutral genetic diversity (<i>H</i><sub>E</sub>, <i>A</i> and <i>π</i><sub>S</sub>) were longitude and latitude, followed by the current distance to the niche centroid; the efficiency of purifying selection was mostly accounted for by the current distance to the niche centroid (which was also correlated to elevation). No correlation was observed between genetic diversity or <i>π</i><sub>N</sub>/<i>π</i><sub>S</sub> and current population area.</p> <p><b>Main conclusions:</b> Historical and ecological factors have to be taken into account for explaining the amounts of genetic diversity in mountain tropical species. Following the NTT, populations closer to the niche centroid are more efficient at eliminating slightly deleterious mutations than marginal stands, independently of their size or geographical location (longitude). Expanding the central-abundance theory within the scope of the NTT might help reconciling conflicting views concerning the extent of its empirical support.</p>
Positive genetic covariance and limited thermal tolerance constrain tropical insect responses to global warming
<p>Tropical ectotherms are particularly vulnerable to global warming because their physiologies are assumed to be adapted to narrow temperature ranges. This study explores three mechanisms potentially constraining thermal adaptation to global warming in tropical insects: 1. tradeoffs in genotypic performance at different temperatures (the jack-of-all-trades hypothesis) 2. positive genetic covariance in performance, with some genotypes performing better than others at viable temperatures (the 'winner and 'loser genotypes hypothesis) or 3. limited genetic variation as the potential result of relaxed selection and the loss of genes associated with responses to extreme temperatures (the gene decay hypothesis). We estimated changes in growth and survival rates at multiple temperatures for three tropical rain forest insect herbivores (<i>Cephaloleia</i> rolled-leaf beetles, Chrysomelidae). We reared 2746 individuals in a full-sibling experimental design, at temperatures known to be experienced by this genus of beetles in nature (<i>i.e.</i>, 10-35°C). Significant genetic covariance was positive for 16 traits, supporting the 'winner and 'loser genotypes hypothesis. Only two traits displayed negative cross-temperature performance correlations. We detected a substantial contribution of genetic variance in traits associated with size and mass (0-44%), but low heritability in plastic traits such as development time (0-6%) or survival (0-4%). Lowland insect populations will most likely decline if current temperatures increase beyond 2°C. It is concerning that local adaption is already lagging behind current temperatures. The consequences of maintaining the current global warming trajectory would be devastating for tropical insects. However, if humans can limit or slow warming, many tropical ectotherms might persist in their current locations, and potentially adapt to warmer temperatures.</p>
FIGURE 3 in An updated checklist of bryophytes for the state of Paraíba, a Brazilian hotspot: new records and biological spectrum in a Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest fragment
FIGURE 3. Representation of life forms in terms of bryophyte species richness in thee studied seasonally dry tropical forest fragment in the Northeast Region of Brazil.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.