Find research datasets worth reusing
Search datasets from major research repositories and use ShareScore to quickly assess how well each record supports discovery, access, and reuse.
7,883
datasets available to search
ShareScore release 0.9.0
Dataset results
7,883 results for “Tropic”
FIGURE 1. Phylogram inferred from a in Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus and Phlebopus portentosus, two non-ectomycorrhizal boletes from tropical China
FIGURE 1. Phylogram inferred from a four-locus (rDNA 28S and ITS regions and TEF1 and RPB2) dataset using RAxML. BS ≥ 50 % and PP ≥ 0.95 are indicated above or below the branches as RAxML BS/PP. SE = southeast; SW = southwest; NE = northeast.
FIGURE 6 in Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus and Phlebopus portentosus, two non-ectomycorrhizal boletes from tropical China
FIGURE 6. Microscopic features of Phlebopus portentosus (FHMU5934). a. Basidia. b. Basidiospores. c. Cheilocystidia. d. Pleurocystidia. e. Pileipellis. f. Stipitipellis. Bars = 10 μm. Drawings by H.J. Xie.
FIGURE 5 in Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus and Phlebopus portentosus, two non-ectomycorrhizal boletes from tropical China
FIGURE 5. Microscopic features of Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus (FHMU5848). a. Basidia. b. Basidiospores. c. Cheilocystidia. d. Pleurocystidia. e. Pileipellis. f. Stipitipellis. Bars = 10 μm. Drawings by H.J. Xie.
FIGURE 2. Phylogram inferred from a in Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus and Phlebopus portentosus, two non-ectomycorrhizal boletes from tropical China
FIGURE 2. Phylogram inferred from a three-locus (rDNA 28S and ITS regions and TEF1) dataset using RAxML. BS ≥ 50 % and PP ≥ 0.95 are indicated above or below the branches as RAxML BS/PP. SW = southwest.
FIGURE 3 in Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus and Phlebopus portentosus, two non-ectomycorrhizal boletes from tropical China
FIGURE 3. Habitat, basidiomata and mycelia of Buchwaldoboletus xylophilus. (a, c–g, i, j from FHMU5848); b, h–i, k from FHMU5930, FHMU5930-1, FHMU5931, FHMU5933-1, FHMU5932, FHMU5932-1, FHMU5933, FHMU5933-1). b, h, i, k photos by X.H. Deng; a, c–g, j, l photos by T.W. Yang.
Diversity patterns and community structure of the macrofauna along the beach-inland transition zone of small tropical islands: supporting raw data and code
<p>Biodiversity follows distinct and observable patterns. Where to systems meet, biodiversity is often increased, due to overlapping occurrence ranges and the presence of specialized species that can tolerate the dynamic conditions of the transition zones. One of the most pronounced transition zones occurs at shores, where oceans and terrestrial habitat collide, forming the shore-inland transition zone. The relevance of this transition zone in shaping a system's community structure is particularly pronounced on small islands due to their high shore-to-inland-area ratio. However, the community structure of insular faunas along this transition zone is unknown. Here, we investigated the diversity patterns along the beach-inland transition zone of small islands and tested the hypothesis that species diversity increases towards the transition zone where beach and interior habitat meet. By measuring environmental parameters, resource availability, and macrofauna diversity along transects running across the beach-inland transition zone, we show that a gradual change in species composition from beach to the inland exists, but neither taxa richness, Shannon diversity, nor overall abundance change significantly. These findings give important insight into insular community structure at the transition zone from sea to land that are relevant to better understand the dynamic and unique characteristics of insular ecosystems.</p>
FIGURE 9 in Thor dicaprio sp. nov., a new, conspicuously coloured shrimp from the tropical western Atlantic, with taxonomic remarks on the T. amboinensis (De Man, 1888) complex (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae)
FIGURE 9. Thor amboinensis (De Man, 1888) [s. lat.] – East Pacific, shrimps photographed in situ in Galápagos [A] and Colombia [B, C]. A, ovigerous female from Seymour Norte, on large sea anemone, possibly Telmatactis panamensis (Verrill, 1869); B, C, male (smaller individual in front) and female (larger individual in background) from Malpelo Island, near longspined sea urchin, Diadema mexicanum Agassiz, 1863. Photographs by Graham Edgar/Reef Life Survey (A) and Juan Felipe Lazarus (B, C).
FIGURE 8 in Thor dicaprio sp. nov., a new, conspicuously coloured shrimp from the tropical western Atlantic, with taxonomic remarks on the T. amboinensis (De Man, 1888) complex (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae)
FIGURE 8. Thor amboinensis (De Man, 1888) [s. lat.] – Indo-West Pacific, shrimps photographed in situ in Oman [A], Australia [B], Japan [C] and Indonesia [D]. A, female from Daymaniyat Islands, on unidentified soft coral; B, ovigerous female from Nelson Bay, New South Wales, near sea anemone Phlyctenanthus australis Carlgren, 1850; C, ovigerous female from Okinawa, Ryukyu Islands, near large sea anemone, possibly Heteractis magnifica (Quoy & Gaimard, 1830); D, male from Lombok. Photographs by Stewart Clarke (A), Brian Mayes (B), J. Antonio Baeza (C) and Randi Ang (D).
FIGURE 6 in Thor dicaprio sp. nov., a new, conspicuously coloured shrimp from the tropical western Atlantic, with taxonomic remarks on the T. amboinensis (De Man, 1888) complex (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae)
FIGURE 6. Male second pleopods of Thor dicaprio sp. nov. [A–C] and Thor amboinensis (De Man, 1888) [s. lat.] [D, E]. A, paratype, male from Tobago (USNM 136412) associated with "tufted anemone"; B, male from Antigua (USNM 136410), associated with "thick-tentacled anemone" [A, B, adapted from Chace (1972: figs. 55z, 56z), Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, 98]; C, one of several males from Carrie Bow Cay, Belize, used in study of Baeza & Piantoni (2010), specimen not deposited due to extensive damage inflicted by dissection of gonads; D, male from Fangataufa, Tuamotu Islands (MNHN 2018-5273); E, male from Glorioso Islands (MNHN 2013-7157). Abbreviations: AI, appendix interna; AM, appendix masculina; End, endopod; Exo, exopod.
FIGURE 5 in Thor dicaprio sp. nov., a new, conspicuously coloured shrimp from the tropical western Atlantic, with taxonomic remarks on the T. amboinensis (De Man, 1888) complex (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae)
FIGURE 5. Thor dicaprio sp. nov., shrimps photographed in situ in Bonaire [A] and Florida, USA [B–D] [not collected]. A, female from Bonaire on unidentified sponge; B, male (smaller individual) and female from Lauderdale by the Sea, on massive coral; C, ovigerous female from Florida Keys, night colour pattern; D, male from Lauderdale by the Sea, near a sea anemone, possibly Stichodactyla helianthus (Ellis, 1768). Photographs by Ellen Muller (A), Brenda Hill (B), Susan Mears (C) and Jack Israel (D).
FIGURE 4 in Thor dicaprio sp. nov., a new, conspicuously coloured shrimp from the tropical western Atlantic, with taxonomic remarks on the T. amboinensis (De Man, 1888) complex (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae)
FIGURE 4. Thor dicaprio sp. nov., two different shrimps photographed in situ in the Cayman Islands [not collected]. A, female associated with a rusty-spotted, thick-tentacled sea anemone, possibly Telmatactis sp.; B, female associated with pale green thick-tentacled sea anemone, possibly Condylactis gigantea (Weinland, 1860). Photographs by Everett Turner.
FIGURE 2 in Thor dicaprio sp. nov., a new, conspicuously coloured shrimp from the tropical western Atlantic, with taxonomic remarks on the T. amboinensis (De Man, 1888) complex (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae)
FIGURE 2. Thor dicaprio sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous female from Saint Martin (FLMNH UF 32256). A, living shrimp on light grey background in dorsal view; B, same, in lateral view. Photographs by Arthur Anker.
FIGURE 7 in Thor dicaprio sp. nov., a new, conspicuously coloured shrimp from the tropical western Atlantic, with taxonomic remarks on the T. amboinensis (De Man, 1888) complex (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae)
FIGURE 7. Thor amboinensis (De Man, 1888) [s. lat.] – East Atlantic, shrimps photographed in situ in the Canary Islands [A, B] and Madeira [C]. A, ovigerous female from Garachico, Tenerife, on unidentified sponge; B, male, from El Espigon, Tenerife, on unidentified sponge; C, two females from Madeira, near club-tipped sea anemone, Telmatactis cricoides (Duchassaing, 1850). Photographs by Sacha Lobenstein (A, B) and Keith D.P. Wilson (C).
FIGURE 3 in Thor dicaprio sp. nov., a new, conspicuously coloured shrimp from the tropical western Atlantic, with taxonomic remarks on the T. amboinensis (De Man, 1888) complex (Decapoda: Caridea: Thoridae)
FIGURE 3. Thor dicaprio sp. nov., holotype, ovigerous female from Saint Martin (FLMNH UF 32256) [A. B]; paratype, ovigerous female from Cozumel, Mexico (OUMNH.ZC. 2011-06-051) [C]. A, living shrimp in dorsal view on black background; B, same, detail of frontal region in anterodorsal view; C, living shrimp in lateral view on black background. Photographs by Arthur Anker.
Coarse woody debris density and carbon concentration by decay classes in mixed montane wet tropical forests (Dataset)
<p>This dataset contains data from a study considering the relationship between decay class, wood density and C content of CWD in old-growth mixed monsoon montane tropical forests in Vietnam based on the inventory of 359 CWD pieces.</p> <p>The CWD inventories were conducted on forty one (3-4 per site) 50 m long and 4 m wide transects. The first dataset for contains site description, plot and transect numbers with geographical coordinates. All CWD pieces of more than 6 cm in diameter were inventoried. The dataset contains position of CWD: stumps, standing dead trees (snags), lying logs, leaning logs and branches, diameter, proportion consumed by termites, decay class, bulk density and moisture of wood and mass loss. The second dataset contains the data on the wood density of tree species present in the study area according to the global database compiled by Zanne et al. (2009).</p>
Non-adaptive evolutionary processes governed the diversification of a temperate conifer lineage after its migration into the tropics
<p class="western">Constructing phylogenetic relationships among closely related species is a recurrent challenge in evolutionary biology, particularly for long-lived taxa with large effective population sizes and uncomplete reproductive isolation, like conifers. Conifers further have slow evolutionary rates, which raises the question of whether adaptive or non/adaptive processes were predominantly involved when they rapidly diversified after migrating from temperate regions into the tropical mountains. Indeed, fine-scale phylogenetic relationships within several conifer genus remain under debate. Here, we studied the phylogenetic relationships of endemic firs (<i>Abies</i>, Pinaceae) discontinuously distributed in the montane forests from the Southwestern United States to Guatemala, and addressed several hypotheses related to adaptive and non-adaptive radiations. We derived over 80K SNPs from genotyping by sequencing (GBS) for 45 individuals of nine Mesoamerican species to perform phylogenetic analyses. Both Maximum Likelihood and quartets-inference phylogenies resulted in a well-resolved topology, showing a single fir lineage divided in four subgroups that coincided with the main mountain ranges of Mesoamerica; thus having important taxonomic implications. Such subdivision fitted a North-South isolation by distance framework, in which non-adaptive allopatric processes seemed the rule. Interestingly, several reticulations were observed within subgroups, especially in the central-south region, which may explain past difficulties for generating infrageneric phylogenies. Further evidence for non-adaptive processes was obtained from analyses of 21 candidate-gene regions, which exhibited diminishing values of <i>π</i><sub>a</sub>/<i>π</i><sub>s</sub> and <i>K</i><sub>a</sub>/<i>K</i><sub>s</sub> with latitude, thus indicating reduced efficiency of purifying selection towards the Equator. Our study indicates that non-adaptive allopatric processes may be key generators of species diversity and endemism in the tropics.</p>
Morphological and behavioural differences facilitate tropical butterfly persistence in variable environments
<p>1. The thermal biology of ectotherms largely determines their abundance and distributions. In general, tropical species inhabiting warm and stable thermal environments tend to have low tolerance to cold and variable environments, which may restrict their expansion into temperate climates. However, the distribution of some tropical species does extend into cooler areas such as tropical borders and high elevation tropical mountains. Behavioural and morphological differences may therefore play important roles in facilitating tropical species to cope with cold and variable climates at tropical edges.</p> <p>2. We used field-validated biophysical models to estimate body temperatures of butterflies across elevational gradients at three sites in southern China and assessed the contribution of behavioural and morphological differences in facilitating their persistence in tropical and temperate climates. We investigated the effects of temperature on the activity of 4,844 individuals of 144 butterfly species along thermal gradients and tested whether species of different climatic affinities -- tropical and widespread (distributed in both temperate and tropical regions) -- differed in their thermoregulatory strategies (i.e. basking). In addition, we tested whether thermally-related morphology, or the strength of solar radiation (when butterflies were recorded) were related to such differences.</p> <p>3. We found that activities of tropical species were restricted (low abundance) at low air temperatures compared to widespread species. Active tropical species were also more likely to bask at cooler body temperatures than widespread species. Heat gain from behavioural thermoregulation was higher for tropical species (when accounting for species abundance), and heat gain correlated with larger thorax widths but not with measured solar radiation.</p> <p>4. Our results indicate that physiological intolerance to cold temperatures in tropical species may be compensated through behavioural and morphological responses in thermoregulation in variable sub-tropical environments. Increasing climatic variability with climate change may render tropical species more vulnerable to cold weather extremes compared to widespread species that are more physiologically suited to variable environments.</p>
Data from: Dispersal limitations and long-term persistence drive differentiation from haplotypes to communities within a tropical sky-island: evidence from community metabarcoding
<p>Neutral theory proposes that dispersal stochasticity is one of the main drivers of local diversity. Haplotypes-level genetic variation can now be efficiently sampled from across whole communities, thus making it possible to test neutral predictions from the genetic to species-level diversity, and higher. However, empirical data is still limited, with the few studies to date coming from temperate latitudes. Here, we focus on a tropical mountain within the Transmexican Volcanic Belt to evaluate spatially fine-scale patterns of arthropod community assembly to understand the role of dispersal limitation and landscape features as drivers of diversity. We sampled whole-communities of arthropods for eight orders at a spatial scale ranging from 50 m to 19 km, using <span>whole community metabarcoding. We explored multiple hierarchical levels, from individual haplotypes to lineages at 0.5, 1.5, 3, 5, 7.5% similarity thresholds, to evaluate patterns of richness, turnover,</span><span> and distance decay of similarity </span><span>with isolation-by-distance and isolation-by-resistance (</span><span>costs to dispersal given by landscape features</span><span>) approaches. </span><span>Our results showed that distance and altitude influence distance decay of similarity at all hierarchical levels. This holds for arthropod groups of contrasting dispersal abilities, but with different strength depending on the spatial scale. Our results support a model where local-scale differentiation mediated by dispersal constraints, combined with long-term persistence of lineages, is an important driver of diversity within tropical sky islands.</span></p>
MATLAB scripts for reproducing figures in "Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Downscaled from Climate Reanalyses Show Increasing Activity Through the Late 19th and 20th Centuries"
<p>A set of MATLAB scripts that contain the data for all 4 figures of "<strong>Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Downscaled from Climate Reanalyses Show Increasing Activity Through the Late 19<sup>th</sup> and 20<sup>th</sup> Centuries" </strong> and allows the user to plot these data. Please read the very short ReadMe file before using the scripts. </p>
Timing is everything: Acoustic niche partitioning in two tropical wet forest bird communities
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>When acoustic signals sent from individuals overlap in frequency and time, acoustic interference and signal masking may occur. Under the acoustic niche hypothesis (ANH), signaling behavior has evolved to partition acoustic space and minimize overlap with other calling individuals through selection on signal structure and/or the sender's ability to adjust the timing of signals. Alternately, under the acoustic clustering hypothesis, there is potential benefit to convergence and synchronization of the structural or temporal characteristics of signals in the avian community, and organisms produce signals that overlap more than would be expected by chance. Interactive communication networks may also occur, where species living together are more likely to have songs with convergent spectral and or temporal characteristics. In this study, we examine the fine-scale use of acoustic space in montane tropical wet forest bird communities in Costa Rica and Hawai'i. At multiple recording stations in each community, we identified the species associated with each recorded signal, measured observed signal overlap, and used null models to generate random distributions of expected signal overlap. We then compared observed vs. expected signal overlap to test predictions of the acoustic niche and acoustic clustering hypotheses. We found a high degree of overlap in the signal characteristics (frequency range) of species in both Costa Rica and Hawai'i, however, as predicted under ANH, species significantly reduced observed overlap relative to the random distribution through temporal partitioning. There was little support for acoustic clustering or the prediction of the network hypothesis that species segregate across the landscape based on the frequency range of their vocalizations. These findings constitute strong support that there is competition for acoustic space in these signaling communities, and this has resulted primarily in temporal partitioning of the soundscape.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.