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Figs 3–8. Live specimens and habitats. 3. Artema atlanta Walckenaer, 1837 from Thailand, Ratchaburi. 4–5. A in Daddy-long-leg giants: revision of the spider genus Artema Walckenaer, 1837 (Araneae, Pholcidae)

Figs 3–8. Live specimens and habitats. 3. Artema atlanta Walckenaer, 1837 from Thailand, Ratchaburi. 4–5. A. nephilit sp. nov. from Israel. 6. Typical Artema web mass, in a cave in Petra, Jordan. 7–8. Caves populated by Artema nephilit sp. nov.: Oren Cave, Mount Karmel (7) and caves in the Eilat Mountains (8), Israel. Photos: BAH (3–4, 6–8), SA (5).

Figs 45–54 in Daddy-long-leg giants: revision of the spider genus Artema Walckenaer, 1837 (Araneae, Pholcidae)

Figs 45–54. Artema nephilit sp. nov. 45–50. Epigyna, ventral views, females from Berniki caves (45, 49: HUJ Ara 15996-7),'En Tamar (46: HUJ Ara 16019), Samar (47: HUJ Ara 16020), Petra (48: ZFMK Ar 15227) and HaTanur Waterfall (50: CSZ). 51–54. Female abdomens, dorsal and lateral views, from Petra (51–52: ZFMK Ar 15227), and 'En Tamar (53–54: HUJ Ara 16019). Figs 45-47, 49-50, 53-54 Israel; 48, 51-52 Jordan. Scale lines: 45–50, 54 = 1 mm; 51–53 = 2 mm.

Figs 55–66 in Daddy-long-leg giants: revision of the spider genus Artema Walckenaer, 1837 (Araneae, Pholcidae)

Figs 55–66. Artema nephilit sp. nov., ZFMK Ar 15225-27 (♂) and HUJ Ara 15997 (♀). 55–56. Combhairs on left male tarsus 4, prolateral views. 57. Right male tarsus 2, showing absence of comb-hairs. 58–59. Comb-hairs on left female tarsus 4, prolateral (-distal) views. 60. Right female tarsus 2, showing absence of comb-hairs. 61. Detail of male comb-hair on tarsus 4. 62. Trichobothrium base, female palpal tibia. 63. Male gonopore and epiandrous spigots. 64–65. Male bulbal processes. 66. Modified area between processes b and c on male genital bulb. Scale lines: 55, 58 = 0.08 mm; 56–57, 59, 63 = 0.1 mm; 60, 64–65 = 0.2 mm; 61–62 = 0.01 mm; 66 = 0.03 mm.

Figs 1–2. 1 in Daddy-long-leg giants: revision of the spider genus Artema Walckenaer, 1837 (Araneae, Pholcidae)

Figs 1–2. 1. Known distributions of species of Artema except A. atlanta Walckenaer, 1837. The Japanese record of A. doriae Thorell, 1881 is not shown as it is based on a single introduced specimen. 2. Known distribution of Artema atlanta. Green dots: specimens examined; black dots: specimens not examined (data from: Banks 1898; Beatty et al. 2008; Blackwell 1958; Bösenberg & Lenz 1895; Brignoli 1981; Bryant 1940, 1948; Caporiacco 1928, 1948, 1949; Chamberlin 1924; Chrysanthus 1967; Colmenares 2008; Denis 1953; Doleschall 1857; Dyal 1935; Franganillo 1926a; Gao & Li 2010; Gertsch & Davis 1942; Gonzalez-Sponga 2005; Karsch 1879, 1892; Leardi in Airaghi 1902; Lessert 1936; Majumder & Biswas 1993; Marples 1955; Mello-Leitão 1942; Millot 1946; Moenkhaus 1898; F.O.Pickard-Cambridge 1902; Petrunkevitch 1925, 1929; Pocock 1900; Saaristo 2001; Simon 1885, 1894; Taczanowsky 1874; Thorell 1895, 1898; Vinson 1863; Yaginuma 1970). Records from Israel, Belgium, and Britain are not shown as they are based on single introduced specimens.

Figs 9–14 in Daddy-long-leg giants: revision of the spider genus Artema Walckenaer, 1837 (Araneae, Pholcidae)

Figs 9–14. Mating sequence of Artema nephilit sp. nov. 9. Male (on the right) approaches female and touches female legs. 10. Male lowers palps below body for final approach. 11. Male searches for correct position on female, female abdomen is pushed backwards. 12. Male rotates palps into final mating position (180° around longitudinal axis; note that the bulb is visible). 13. Asymmetric insertion of palps (note that the male's left palp is more deeply inserted than the right palp). 14. Male cleans palps. Photos BAH.

Figs 35–44 in Daddy-long-leg giants: revision of the spider genus Artema Walckenaer, 1837 (Araneae, Pholcidae)

Figs 35–44. Artema nephilit sp. nov. 35. Male habitus (ZFMK Ar 15225, Israel, Mount Karmel, Oren Cave). 36–38. Male left pedipalp (ZFMK Ar 15227, Jordan, Petra): prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. 39–41. Male left bulb and procursus: prolateral, dorsal, and retrolateral views. 42–44. Male chelicerae (ZFMK Ar 15227, Jordan, Petra and HUJ Ara 16000, Israel, Mount Berniki): lateral and frontal views. Scale lines: 36–38, 42–43 = 1 mm; 39–41, 44 = 0.25 mm.

Fig. 15 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 15. Willowsia qui Zhang, Chen & Deharveng, 2011. A. Thoracic chaetotaxy. B–C. Abdominal chaetotaxy. B. Abd. I–IV. C. Abd. V. Scale bars: 100 μm.

Fig. 14 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 14. Willowsia qui Zhang, Chen & Deharveng, 2011. A. Ant. III organ. B. Clypeal chaetae. C. Dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy. D. Trochanteral organ. E. Hind claw. F. Anterior face of ventral tube. G. Posterior face and lateral flap of ventral tube. H. Manubrium and base of dens, dorsal view. I. Distal chaetae of ventral face of manubrium. J. Mucro. Scale bars: A–B, D–J = 20 μm; C = 100 μm.

Fig. 13 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 13. Willowsia qui Zhang, Chen & Deharveng, 2011. A. Habitus. B. Abd. III. Scale bars: A = 500 μm; B = 20 μm.

Fig. 11 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 11. Willowsia similis sp. nov. A. Ant. III organ. B. Dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy. C. Labium. D. Trochanteral organ. E. Hind claw. F. Anterior face of ventral tube. G. Manubrium and base of dens, dorsal view. H. Distal parts of ventral face of manubrium. I. Mucro. Scale bars: A, C–I = 20 μm; B = 100 μm.

Fig. 12 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 12. Willowsia similis sp. nov. A. Thoracic chaetotaxy. B. Chaetotaxy. of Abd. I–IV (long sens on Abd. IV incomplete). Scale bars: 100 μm.

Fig. 10 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 10. Willowsia similis sp. nov. A‒B. Colour pattern. A. Dorsal view. B. Ventral view. C. Ant. IV apical bulb. D. Scales on Th. III. Scale bars: A–B = 500 μm; C–D = 20 μm.

Fig. 8 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 8. Willowsia pseudobuskii sp. nov. A. Ant. III organ. B. Clypeal chaetae. C. Dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy. D. Maxillary outer lobe. E. Lateral process of labial palp. F. Chaetae on ventral side of head. G. Trochanteral organ. H. Hind claw. I–K. Ventral tube. I. Anterior face. J. Posterior face. K. Lateral flap. L. Male genital plate. M. Manubrium and base of dens, dorsal view. N. Distal part of ventral face of manubrium. O. Mucro. Scale bars: A–B, D–O = 20 μm; C = 100 μm.

Fig. 9 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 9. Willowsia pseudobuskii sp. nov. A. Thoracic chaetotaxy. B–C. Abdominal chaetotaxy. B. Abd. I–IV. C. Abd. V. Scale bars: 100 μm.

Fig. 7 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 7. Willowsia pseudobuskii sp. nov. A‒C. Habitus, A and C dorsal view, B ventral view. D. Ant. IV apical bulb. E‒H. Body scales. E. Abd. II. F. Abd. III. G. Abd. IV. H. Abd. V. Scale bars: A–C = 500 μm; D–H = 20 μm.

Fig. 6 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 6. Willowsia pseudoplatani Zhang & Pan sp. nov. A. Thoracic chaetotaxy. B–C. Abdominal chaetotaxy. B. Abd. I–IV. C. Abd. V. Scale bars: 100 μm.

Fig. 5 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 5. Willowsia pseudoplatani Zhang & Pan sp. nov. A. Labrum. B. Dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy. C. Maxillary outer lobe. D. Chaetae on ventral side of head. E. Trochanteral organ. F. Hind claw. G–H. Ventral tube. G. Anterior face. H. Lateral flap. I. Manubrium, dorsal view. J. Mucro. Scale bars: A, C–J = 20 μm; B = 100 μm.

Fig. 4 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 4. Willowsia pseudoplatani Zhang & Pan sp. nov. A. Colour pattern. B. Scales on Abd. II. Scale bars: A = 500 μm; B = 20 μm.

Fig. 1 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 1. Willowsia fascia Zhang & Pan sp. nov. A. Habitus. B. Abd. III. Scale bars: A = 500 μm; B = 20 μm.

Fig. 2 in Contribution to the Willowsia species having body scales of the long basal rib type: four new species and a redescription of W. qui (Collembola: Entomobryidae)

Fig. 2. Willowsia fascia Zhang & Pan sp. nov. A. Ant. III organ. B. Labral papillae. C. Clypeal chaetae. D. Dorsal cephalic chaetotaxy. E. Maxillary outer lobe. F. Chaetae on ventral side of head. G. Trochanteral organ. H. Hind claw. I–J. Ventral tube. I. Posterior face. J. Lateral flap. K. Manubrium and base of dens, dorsal view. L. Mucro. Scale bars: A–C, E–J, L = 20 μm; D, K = 100 μm.