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5,448 results for “Neuron”
Neural effects of continuous theta-burst stimulation in macaque parietal neurons
<p><span>Theta-burst transcranial magnetic stimulation (TBS) has become a standard non-invasive technique to induce offline changes in cortical excitability in human volunteers. Yet, TBS suffers from a high variability across subjects. A better knowledge about how TBS affects neural activity in vivo could uncover its mechanisms of action and ultimately allow its mainstream use in basic science and clinical applications. To address this issue, we applied continuous TBS (cTBS, 300 pulses) in awake behaving rhesus monkeys and quantified its after-effects on neuronal activity. Overall, we observed a pronounced, long-lasting and highly reproducible reduction in neuronal excitability after cTBS in individual parietal neurons, with some neurons also exhibiting periods of hyperexcitability during the recovery phase. These results provide the first experimental evidence of the effects of cTBS on single neurons in awake behaving monkeys, shedding new light on the reasons underlying cTBS variability.</span></p>
Objective assessment of the relationship between quantified neuron morphological features and convolutional neural network image analysis
<p>Relevant data for the publication titled: Objective assessment of the relationship between quantified neuron morphological features and convolutional neural network image analysis</p>
Source data of Hyperexcited limbic neurons represent sexual satiety and reduce mating motivation
<p>The processed data of Hyperexcited limbic neurons represent sexual satiety and reduce mating motivation</p>
Hedgehog induced oxidative phosphorylation rescues the neuronal differentiation defect of human enteric neural crest cells underlying Hirschsprung disease
<p>Hedgehog induced oxidative phosphorylation rescues the neuronal differentiation defect of human enteric neural crest cells underlying Hirschsprung disease</p>
Arginine-vasopressin expressing neurons in the murine suprachiasmatic nucleus exhibit a circadian rhythm in network coherence in vivo
<p>The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is composed of functionally distinct subpopulations of GABAergic neurons which form a neural network responsible for synchronizing most physiological and behavioral circadian rhythms in mammals. To date, little is known regarding which aspects of SCN rhythmicity are generated by individual SCN neurons, and which aspects result from neuronal interaction within a network. Here, we utilize in vivo miniaturized microscopy to measure fluorescent GCaMP-reported calcium dynamics in arginine vasopressin (AVP)-expressing neurons in the intact SCN of awake, behaving mice. We report that SCN AVP neurons exhibit periodic, slow calcium waves which we demonstrate, using in vivo electrical recordings, likely reflect burst firing. Further, we observe substantial heterogeneity of function in that AVP neurons exhibit unstable rhythms and relatively weak rhythmicity at the population level. Network analysis reveals that correlated cellular behavior, or coherence, among neuron pairs also exhibited stochastic rhythms with about 33% of pairs rhythmic at any time. Unlike single-cell variables, coherence exhibited a strong rhythm at the population level with time of maximal coherence among AVP neuronal pairs at CT/ZT 6 and 9, coinciding with the timing of maximal neuronal activity for the SCN as a whole. These results demonstrate robust circadian variation in the coordination between stochastically rhythmic neurons and interactions between AVP neurons in the SCN may be more influential than single-cell activity in the regulation of circadian rhythms. Furthermore, they demonstrate that cells in this circuit, like those in many other circuits<span></span>, exhibit profound heterogenicity of function over time and space.</p>
Biskyrmion-based artificial neuron data
<p>Data used in the publication</p>
Data and code related to the manuscript "Perceptual stability reflected in neuronal pattern similarities in human visual cortex" (Broday-Dvir et al.)
<p>This data set contains intracranial EEG data, analysis code and results associated with the manuscript "<strong>Perceptual stability reflected in neuronal pattern similarities in human visual cortex". </strong></p> <p>The code is written in Matlab R2019b. Matlab's Signal Processing Toolbox is required. </p> <p>Files ending with ".mat" are the data files, ".m" files are the associated scripts.</p> <p>Additional open-source toolboxes required to run the codes:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Mass Univariate ERP Toolbox</strong> (<a href="https://openwetware.org/wiki/Mass_Univariate_ERP_Toolbox">https://openwetware.org/wiki/Mass_Univariate_ERP_Toolbox</a>), version: "dmgroppe-Mass_Univariate_ERP_Toolbox-d1e60d4". D. M. Groppe, T. P. Urbach, M. Kutas, Mass univariate analysis of event-related brain potentials/fields I: A critical tutorial review. <em>Psychophysiology</em>. <strong>48</strong>, 1711–1725 (2011).</li> <li><strong>DRtoolbox </strong>(https://lvdmaaten.github.io/drtoolbox/), version: 0.8.1b. L.J.P. van der Maaten, E.O. Postma, and H.J. van den Herik. <strong>Dimensionality Reduction: A Comparative Review</strong>. Tilburg University Technical Report, TiCC-TR 2009-005, 2009.</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cortical neurons for high throughput imaging of neurite morphology and neuron maturation
<p>Figure 5: Whole cell patch clamping showed the differentiated neurons are functional.</p>
Generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived cortical neurons for high throughput imaging of neurite morphology and neuron maturation
<p>Figure 3 - Neurite outgrowth dataset. Comparing neurite outgrowth at Day1 and 15 post-seeding cortical neural progenitors. </p>
Whole Proteome Copy Number Dataset in Primary Mouse Cortical Neurons
<p>Raw data-Supplementary table- "Whole Proteome Copy Number Dataset in Primary Mouse Cortical Neurons"</p>
Data from: Theta-phase-specific modulation of dentate gyrus memory neurons
<p>The theta rhythm, a quasi-periodic 4-10 Hz oscillation, is observed during memory processing in the hippocampus, with different phases of theta hypothesized to separate independent streams of information related to the encoding and recall of memories. At the cellular level, the discovery of hippocampal memory cells (engram neurons), as well as the modulation of memory recall through optogenetic activation of these cells, has provided evidence that certain memories are stored, in part, in a sparse ensemble of neurons in the hippocampus. In previous research, however, engram reactivation has been carried out using open loop stimulation at fixed frequencies; the relationship between engram neuron reactivation and ongoing network oscillations has not been taken into consideration. To address this concern, we implemented a closed-loop reactivation of engram neurons that enabled phase-specific stimulation relative to theta oscillations in the local field potential. Using this real-time approach, we tested the impact of activating engram neurons during the peak (encoding phase) and trough (recall phase) of theta oscillations. Consistent with previously hypothesized functions of theta oscillations in memory function, we show that stimulating engram neurons at the trough of theta is more effective in eliciting behavioral recall than either fixed frequency stimulation or stimulation at the peak of theta. Moreover, phase-specific trough stimulation is accompanied by an increase in the coupling between gamma and theta oscillations in CA1 hippocampus. Oure results provide a causal link between phasespecific activation of engram cells and the behavioral expression of memory.</p>
Whole human-brain mapping of single cortical neurons for profiling morphological diversity and stereotypy
<p>Quantifying neuron morphology and distribution at the whole brain scale is essential to understand the structure and diversity of cell types. It is exceedingly challenging to reuse recent technologies of single cell labeling and whole brain imaging to study human brains. We propose Adaptive Cell Tomography (ACTomography), a low-cost, high-throughput, high-efficacy tomography approach, based on adaptive targeting of individual cells. We established a platform to inject dyes into cortical neurons in surgical tissues of 18 patients with brain tumors or other conditions and 1 donated fresh postmortem brain. We collected 3-D images of 1746 cortical neurons, of which 852 neurons were reconstructed to quantify local dendritic morphology, and mapped to standard atlases. In our data, human neurons are more diverse across brain regions than by subject age or gender. The strong stereotypy within cohorts of brain regions allows generating a statistical tensor-field of neuron morphology to characterize anatomical modularity of a human brain.</p>
18, 28, 42 DPI neuron and macrophage quantifications
<p>MHC-II (-/-) mice expressing HLA DRB1*15:01 were immunized with a-synuclein<sub>32-46</sub> peptide in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), CFA alone, or PBS alone. Enteric neuron density (ANNA1<sup>+</sup>), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) neuron density, TH<sup>+</sup> area and mean fluorescence intensity, and macrophage density (IBA1<sup>+</sup>) were quantified from the submucosal plexus and myenteric plexus of mice at 18, 28, and 42 days post immunization. These values were normalized to the CFA-only condition. </p>
Enteric neuron and macrophage quantification following T cell depletion
<p>MHC-II (-/-) mice expressing HLA DRB1*15:01 were immunized with a-synuclein<sub>32-46</sub>. Data includes three conditions: isotype control, anti-CD4, and anti-CD8 T cell depleting antibodies.</p> <p>Enteric neuron (ANNA1<sup>+</sup>), macrophage density (IBA1<sup>+</sup>), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH<sup>+</sup>) neuron, TH<span><sup>+</sup> </span>area and mean fluorescence intensity in the myenteric and submucosal plexus of the ileum were quantified.</p>
Dataset for "A critical role for CaMKII in behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons"
<p>Dataset for "A critical role for CaMKII in behavioral timescale synaptic plasticity in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons"</p>
Human Embryonic Stem C ells-derived Immature Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons Transplanted in Parkinsonian Mon-keys Recover Dopamine Levels and Motor Behavior
<p>Supplementary videos of the article "Human Embryonic Stem Cells-derived Immature Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons Transplanted in Parkinsonian Mon-keys Recover Dopamine Levels and Motor Behavior"</p>
Real-time Neuron Segmentation for Voltage Imaging
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
fast-SMT movies of H2B-Halo neurons
<p>Fast single molecule tracking experiments performed on primary cortical neurons infected with a lentiviral vector expressing Halo-tagged H2B.</p>
fast-SMT movies of WT-MeCP2-Halo neurons
<p>Fast single molecule tracking experiments performed on primary cortical neurons with a wild type Mecp2 allele endogenously tagged with a HaloTag.</p>
fast-SMT movies of Halo-NLS neurons
<p>Fast single molecule tracking experiments performed on primary cortical neurons infected with a lentiviral vector expressing Halo-tagged NLS.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.