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795 results for “fluctuations”
Trachemys scripta gene expression data under constant and fluctuating incubation temperatures
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Data from: Windows of opportunity for germination of riparian species after restoring water level fluctuations: a field experiment with controlled seed banks
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Data from: Implications of landscape evolution and climate fluctuation on bird species diversification in Neotropics
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Does fluctuating asymmetry of wing traits capture relative environmental stress in a lepidopteran?
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Arms-race and fluctuating-selection dynamics in Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria coevolving with phage OMKO1
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Maternal provisioning and fluctuating thermal regimes enhance immune response in a reptile with temperature-dependent sex determination
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Data and scripts from: Experimental evidence of size-selective harvest and environmental stochasticity effects on population demography, fluctuations, and nonlinearity
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Data From: Applying empirical dynamic modeling to distinguish abiotic and biotic drivers of population fluctuations in sympatric fishes
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Data from: The difference between generalist and specialist: the effects of wide fluctuations in main food abundance on numbers and reproduction of two co-existing predators
<p>Specialist individuals within animal populations have shown to be more efficient foragers and/or to have higher reproductive success than generalist individuals, but interspecific reproductive consequences of the degree of diet specialisation in vertebrate predators have remained unstudied. Eurasian pygmy owls (hereafter POs) have less vole-specialised diets than Tengmalm's owls (TOs), both of which mainly subsist on temporally fluctuating food resources (voles). To test whether the specialist TO is more limited by the main prey abundance than the generalist PO, we studied breeding densities and reproductive traits of co-existing POs and TOs in central-western Finland during 2002-2019. Breeding densities of POs increased with augmenting densities of voles in the previous autumn, whereas breeding densities of TOs increased with higher vole densities in both the previous autumn and the current spring. In years of vole scarcity, PO females started egg-laying earlier than TOs, whereas in years of vole abundance TO females laid eggs substantially earlier than PO females. The yearly mean clutch size and number of fledglings produced of both POs and TOs increased with abundance of voles in the current spring. POs laid large clutches and produced large broods in years of both high and low vole abundance, whereas TOs were able to do so only in years of high vole abundance. POs were able to raise on average 73% of the eggs to fledglings whereas TOs only 44%. The generalist foraging strategy of POs including flexible switching from main prey to alternative prey (small birds) appeared to be more productive than the strictly vole-specialized foraging strategy of TOs. In contrast to earlier studies at the individual-level, specialist predators at the species level (in this case TOs) appear to be less effective than generalists (POs), but diet specialisation was particularly costly under conditions when scarcity of main foods limited offspring production.</p>
Survival benefits of group living in a fluctuating environment
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Group living is only predicted to arise when the fitness benefits outweigh the costs of sociality. Group-living species—including cooperatively breeding and family-living birds and mammals—occur most frequently in environments where climatic conditions fluctuate unpredictably from year-to-year. The fitness consequences of group living are thus expected to vary with changing environmental conditions, though few studies have examined this possibility. We examined whether living in large social groups improves adult survivorship in cooperatively breeding superb starlings (<i>Lamprotornis superbus</i>). We also tested the hypothesis that larger groups buffer against harsh conditions by increasing survivorship most under periods of low rainfall. We found that group size was positively correlated with adult survival, but in a sex-specific manner: female survival increased with group size across all environmental conditions, whereas male survival only increased with group size in wet years. Together with previous work in this system, our results suggest that larger groups confer survival benefits by reducing predation, rather than improving access to food or buffering against physiological stress. Although group living does not appear to buffer against harsh conditions in adult starlings living in a fluctuating environment, living in larger groups does confer a survival advantage. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data and code for Observation of fluctuation-mediated picosecond nucleation of a topological phase
<p>Data and code to generate the figures in the main text and supplementary information of our article.</p>
Wild flies hedge their thermal preference bets in response to seasonal fluctuations
<p>Data and analysis scripts for the manuscript entitled "Wild flies hedge their thermal preference bets in response to seasonal fluctuations" by Jamilla Akhund-Zade et al. </p>
Figure 7 from: Li Y, Liu C, Lin L, Li Y, Xiao J, Loh K-H (2020) Pleistocene isolation caused by sea-level fluctuations shaped genetic characterization of Pampus minor over a large-scale geographical distribution. ZooKeys 969: 137-154. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.52069
Figure 7 BSPs showing NefT (Nef = effective population size; T = generation time) changes over time for P. minor based on Cytb sequences. The upper and lower limits of the blue line represent the 95% confidence intervals of highest posterior densities (HPD) analysis. The solid black line represents median estimates of NefT.
Figure 5 from: Li Y, Liu C, Lin L, Li Y, Xiao J, Loh K-H (2020) Pleistocene isolation caused by sea-level fluctuations shaped genetic characterization of Pampus minor over a large-scale geographical distribution. ZooKeys 969: 137-154. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.52069
Figure 5 Matrix of pairwise FST values between 11 P. minor populations based on Cytb sequences. * significant at p < 0.05 by the permutation test, ** extremely significant at p < 0.01 by the permutation test.
Figure 6 from: Li Y, Liu C, Lin L, Li Y, Xiao J, Loh K-H (2020) Pleistocene isolation caused by sea-level fluctuations shaped genetic characterization of Pampus minor over a large-scale geographical distribution. ZooKeys 969: 137-154. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.52069
Figure 6 The expected mismatch distributions under a sudden expansion model (solid gray line) and the observed pairwise difference (black bars) of Cytb haplotypes of P. minor.
Figure 4 from: Li Y, Liu C, Lin L, Li Y, Xiao J, Loh K-H (2020) Pleistocene isolation caused by sea-level fluctuations shaped genetic characterization of Pampus minor over a large-scale geographical distribution. ZooKeys 969: 137-154. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.52069
Figure 4 Unrooted minimum spanning tree showing the genetic relationships among the Cytb haplotypes of P. minor. Circle sizes are proportional to haplotype frequency. Perpendicular tick marks on the lines joining the haplotypes represent the number of nucleotide substitutions.
Figure 1 from: Li Y, Liu C, Lin L, Li Y, Xiao J, Loh K-H (2020) Pleistocene isolation caused by sea-level fluctuations shaped genetic characterization of Pampus minor over a large-scale geographical distribution. ZooKeys 969: 137-154. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.52069
Figure 1 Sampling locations of P. minor. Populations are marked by abbreviations that correspond to Table 1.
Figure 2 from: Li Y, Liu C, Lin L, Li Y, Xiao J, Loh K-H (2020) Pleistocene isolation caused by sea-level fluctuations shaped genetic characterization of Pampus minor over a large-scale geographical distribution. ZooKeys 969: 137-154. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.52069
Figure 2 Composition and distribution of 22 Cytb haplotypes in the Chinese and Malaysian populations.
Figure 3 from: Li Y, Liu C, Lin L, Li Y, Xiao J, Loh K-H (2020) Pleistocene isolation caused by sea-level fluctuations shaped genetic characterization of Pampus minor over a large-scale geographical distribution. ZooKeys 969: 137-154. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.969.52069
Figure 3 NJ tree and distribution of Cytb haplotypes among populations for P. minor. Bootstrap supports of > 50 in 1000 replicates are shown.
Multiscale legacy responses of soil gas concentrations to soil moisture and temperature fluctuations
<p>The sensitivity of soil carbon dynamics to climate change is a major uncertainty in carbon cycle models. Of particular interest is the response of soil biogeochemical cycles to variability in hydroclimatic states and the related quantification of soil memory. Toward this goal, the power spectra of soil hydrologic and biogeochemical states were analyzed using measurements of soil temperature, moisture, oxygen, and carbon dioxide at two sites. Power spectra indicated multiscale power law scaling across sub-hourly to annual timescales. Precipitation fluctuations were most strongly expressed in the soil biogeochemical signals at monthly to annual timescales. Soil moisture and temperature fluctuations were comparable in strength at one site, while temperature was dominant at the other. The effect of soil hydrologic, thermal, and biogeochemical processes on gas concentration variability was evidenced by low spectral entropy relative to the white noise character of precipitation. A full mass balance model was unable to capture high-frequency soil temperature influence, indicating a gap in commonly used model assumptions. A linearized model was shown to capture the main features of the observed and modeled gas concentration spectra and demonstrated how the means and variances of soil moisture and temperature interact to produce the gas concentration spectra. Breakpoints in the spectra corresponded to the mean rate of gas efflux, providing a first-order estimate of the soil biogeochemical integral timescale ($\sim 1$ minute). These methods can be used to identify biogeochemical system dynamics to develop robust, process-based soil biogeochemistry models that capture variability in addition to long-term mean values.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.