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1,024 results for “mosquitoes”
Supplementary material 5 from: Gloria-Soria A, Shragai T, Ciota AT, Duval TB, Alto BW, Martins AJ, Westby KM, Medley KA, Unlu I, Campbell SR, Kawalkowski M, Tsuda Y, Higa Y, Indelicato N, Leisnham PT, Caccone A, Armstrong PM (2022) Population genetics of an invasive mosquito vector, Aedes albopictus in the Northeastern USA. NeoBiota 78: 99-127. https://doi.org/10.3897/neobiota.78.84986
Probability of a recent bottleneck at each Aedes albopictus location, under the infinite allele model (IAM) and the two-phase model (TPM) with variance of 0.36
A cryopreservation method to recover laboratory- and field-derived bacterial communities from mosquito larval habitats
<p>Mosquitoes develop in a wide range of aquatic habitats containing highly diverse and variable bacterial communities that shape both larval and adult traits, including the capacity of adult females of some mosquito species to vector disease-causing organisms to humans. However, while most mosquito studies control for host genotype and environmental conditions, the impact of microbiota variation on phenotypic outcomes of mosquitoes is often unaccounted for. The inability to conduct reproducible intra- and inter-laboratory studies of mosquito-microbiota interactions has also greatly limited our ability to identify microbial targets for mosquito-borne disease control. Here, we developed an approach to isolate and cryopreserve bacterial communities derived from lab- and field-based larval-rearing environments of the yellow fever mosquito <em>Aedes</em> <em>aegypti</em>–a primary vector of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya viruses. We then validated the use of our approach to generate experimental microcosms colonized by standardized lab- and field-derived bacterial communities. <span>Our results overall reveal minimal effects of cryopreservation on the recovery of both lab- and field-derived bacteria when directly compared with isolation from non-cryopreserved fresh material. Our results also reveal improved reproducibility of bacterial communities in replicate microcosms generated using cryopreserved stocks over fresh material. Communities in replicate microcosms further captured the majority of total bacterial diversity present in both lab- and field-based larval environments, although the relative richness of recovered taxa as compared to non-recovered taxa was substantially lower in microcosms containing field-derived bacteria. Altogether, these results provide a critical next step toward the standardization of mosquito studies to include larval-rearing environments colonized by defined microbial communities. They also lay the foundation for long-term studies of mosquito-microbe interactions and the identification and manipulation of taxa with potential to reduce mosquito vectorial capacity.</span></p>
Bacterial communities in carnivorous pitcher plants colonize and persist in inquiline mosquitoes
<p><b>Background</b></p> <p>The leaves of carnivorous pitcher plants harbor diverse communities of inquiline species, including bacteria and larvae of the pitcher plant mosquito (<em>Wyeomyia smithii</em>), which aid the plant by processing captured prey. Despite the growing appreciation for this microecosystem as a tractable model in which to study food web dynamics and the moniker of <em>W. smithii </em>as a 'keystone predator', very little is known about microbiota acquisition and assembly in <em>W. smithii </em>mosquitoes or the impacts of <em>W. smithii</em>-mcirobiota interactions on mosquito and/or plant fitness.</p> <p><b>Results</b></p> <p>In this study, we used high throughput sequencing of bacterial 16S rRNA gene amplicons to characterize and compare microbiota diversity in field- and laboratory-derived <em>W. smithii </em>larvae. We then conducted controlled experiments in the laboratory to better understand the factors shaping microbiota acquisition and persistence across <em>W. smithii </em>life history. Methods were also developed to produce axenic (microbiota-free) <em>W. smithii </em>larvae that can be selectively recolonized with one or more known bacterial species in order to study microbiota function. Our results support a dominant role for the pitcher environment in shaping microbiota diversity in <em>W. smithii </em>larvae, while also indicating that pitcher-associated microbiota can persist and be dispersed by adult <em>W. smithii </em>mosquitoes. We also demonstrate the successful generation of axenic <em>W. smithii </em>larvae and report variable fitness outcomes in gnotobiotic larvae monocolonized by individual bacterial isolates during from naturally occurring pitchers in the field.</p> <p><b>Conclusions</b></p> <p>This study provides the first information on microbiota acquisition and assembly in <em>W. smithii </em>mosquitoes. This stusy also provides the first evidence for successful microbiota manipulation in this species. Altogether, our results highlight the value of such methods for studying host-microbiota interactions and lay the foundation for future studies to understand how <em>W. smithii</em>-microbiota interactions shape the structure and stablity of this important model ecosystem.</p>
Development of an automated biomaterial platform to study mosquito feeding behavior
<p>Mosquitoes carry a number of deadly pathogens that are transmitted while feeding on blood through the skin, and studying mosquito feeding behavior could elucidate countermeasures to mitigate biting. Although this type of research has existed for decades, there has yet to be a compelling example of a controlled environment to test the impact of multiple variables on mosquito feeding behavior. In this study, we leveraged uniformly bioprinted vascularized skin mimics to create a high-throughput mosquito feeding platform with independently tunable feeding sites. Our platform allows us to observe mosquito feeding behavior and collect video data for 30-45 minutes while collecting video data. We maximized throughput by developing a highly accurate computer vision model (mean average precision: 92.5%) that automatically processes videos and increases measurement objectivity. This model enables assessment of critical factors such as feeding and activity around feeding sites, and we used it to evaluate the repellent effect of DEET and oil of lemon eucalyptus-based repellents. Our resultsWe validatedshow that both repellents effectively repel mosquitoes in laboratory settings (0% feeding in experimental groups, 13.8% feeding in control group, p<0.0001), validating suggesting our platform’s use as a repellent screening assay in the future. The platform is scalable, compact, and reduces dependence on vertebrate hosts in mosquito research.</p>
%Urban vs Mosquito Larvae Count
<p>We took the %Urban of each location as well as the number of mosquito larvae recorded for a multitude of sites and then calculated the coefficient of correlation to determine if there was a relationship between the datasets.</p>
GLOBE Observer Mosquito Data
<p>GLOBE Observer MHM data, with temporal data from Benin, area of study.</p>
FIGURE 5 in Catalase enzymatic activity in adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae): taxonomic distribution of the continuous trait suggests its relevance for phylogeny research
FIGURE 5. Identity plots for (a) amino acid (170 aa) and (b) nucleotide sequences (510 bp) for culicid and outgroup chaoborid species. In (a), the scale for (b) is used to visualize the higher identity of amino acid sequences (note that the left plot is darker than the right plot). Species on the plots are ordered automatically.
FIGURE 1 in Catalase enzymatic activity in adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae): taxonomic distribution of the continuous trait suggests its relevance for phylogeny research
FIGURE 1. Specific activity of catalase in adult male mosquitoes and chaoborids measured at various time after emergence. The bold line within a box marks the median value; the box lower and upper borders indicate the interquartile range (q1–q3); the whiskers mark the minimum-maximum range; the circles mark outliers. P-values obtained by the Tukey method for logtransformed data are indicated above pairs of boxplots. Overall p-values for each species are presented in the main text of the Results.
FIGURE 3 in Catalase enzymatic activity in adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae): taxonomic distribution of the continuous trait suggests its relevance for phylogeny research
FIGURE 3. Comparative boxplot graph of specific activity of catalase in species of the genus Culex (overwintering females). The boxplot markings are as in Fig. 1. In the right part of the graph, catalase was preliminarily blocked by 3-amino-1,2,4-triazole (AT), catalase-specific inhibitor. P-values obtained by the Tukey method are indicated above pairs of boxplots. Overall p-values for each group (with AT and without AT) are presented in the main text of the Results.
FIGURE 2 in Catalase enzymatic activity in adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae): taxonomic distribution of the continuous trait suggests its relevance for phylogeny research
FIGURE 2. Comparative boxplot graph of specific activity of catalase in the taxa of the Culicidae and Chaoboridae (mature males). The boxplot markings are as in Fig. 1. Most important p-values are presented in the main text of the Results.
FIGURE 4 in Catalase enzymatic activity in adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae): taxonomic distribution of the continuous trait suggests its relevance for phylogeny research
FIGURE 4. Multiple alignment of available catalase amino acid sequences (170 aa fragment) for culicid and chaoborid species from the same genera that were used for study of catalase activity (based on the result file obtained by Clustal Omega v. 1.2.4). GenBank protein numbers for the first and second Ae. albopictus sequences are JAC12551 and XP_019562521.2, respectively.
FIGURE 7 in Catalase enzymatic activity in adult mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae): taxonomic distribution of the continuous trait suggests its relevance for phylogeny research
FIGURE 7. Mapping of catalase specific activity on the protein-based phylogenetic tree simplified to generic level. Trait value is in micromoles of H2O2 decomposed per min per mg protein (the values are present at the tips of the branches). When the values of catalase activity were obtained in several species in one genus, the mean of medians (see Fig. 2) was used. For chaoborids, the mean of medians for C. crystallinus, C. pallidus and M. velutinus was used. Generic branch lengths for genera composed of several species are equal to the longest sums of branches obtained for the tree constructed using species (the tips of the branches are in the same positions as the most distal tips in each mosquito genus in Fig. 6). The tree was visualized and rooted using the ape package in R environment. The default color scheme was used in the contMap function in the phytools package.
E4Warning Mosquito Surveillance Data
<p>Mosquito surveillance data, obtained through various trapping methods, are compiled and shared in Excel (.xlsx) files. The E4Warning dataset template aims to assist field researchers in their data archiving efforts by aligning with the project's Data Management Plan. It consists of two main components: metadata and data.</p> <ol> <li> <p>The <strong>metadata component</strong> includes information about the origin of the dataset, such as study details and licensing for usage. This ensures that all necessary contextual information is accessible. Our metadata component utilizes the template generated by MIReAD (Minimum Information for Reusable Analytical Data) to ensure high standards of data documentation and reusability of arthropod abundance data by establishing a set of guidelines for data reporting. By adopting the MIReAD template for our metadata, we align our data management practices with best practices for data standardization and transparency</p> </li> <li> <p>The <strong>data component </strong>lists and describes the specific data fields that should be included in data collection sheets. This is tailored to capture the essential variables typically collected by academic researchers and surveillance initiatives. The template serves as a comprehensive checklist to help prevent the omission of crucial information.</p> </li> </ol> <p><span>T</span>he mosquito surveillance data template utilized by E4Warning partners is a designed document for recording data from mosquito trapping activities, which is subsequently used for modeling. Each field within the template is structured to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the surveillance efforts and the possible biases introduced by the trapping devices and attractants used.</p> <div><br> <div> <p><a title="" href="#_ftnref1" name="_ftn1"><span>[1]</span></a> Rund et al. 2019. MIReAD, a minimum information standard for reporting arthropod abundance data. Scientific Data. 6: 40.</p> </div> </div>
Effect of a Combined Use of Mosquito Repellent and Insecticide Treated Net on Malaria in Ethiopia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01160809. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Effectiveness of KAE609 in Reducing Asexual & Sexual Blood-stage P.Falciparum Infection & Infectivity to Mosquitos
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02543086. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Testing Combined IIT-SIT to Control Mosquito-Borne Diseases At Scale
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT06595745. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Controlled Human Malaria Infection After Bites From Mosquitoes Infected With Two Novel P. Falciparum Strains
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT02149550. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
Immunization Via Mosquito Bite With Radiation-attenuated Sporozoites
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT01994525. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Estivation of Malaria Vector Mosquitoes in the Sahelian Region of Mali
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00863408. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 3.
Characterizing Humoral Immune Response to Mosquito Bites
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT04478370. IPD Sharing: NO. Countries: 1. Publications: 1.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.