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FIGURE 1. Collaea insignis M. J. Silva. a in Studies on Collaea species (Fabaceae) occurring in Brazil: taxonomic novelties, new interpretations about the leaf of the genus, and new leaf anatomical characters for American Fabaceae

FIGURE 1. Collaea insignis M. J. Silva. a. fertile branch; b. leave. c. detail of upper surface of the leaflet; d. detail of lower surface of leaflet; d. leaflet. e. floral bud; f. bract; g. bracteole; h. calyx opened out; i. detail of the central carenal lacinia; j. standard petal. k. base of the standard showing the claw, callosities and basal appendages; l. apex the standard; m. wing. n. keel petals; o. staminal tube. p. staminal tube opened out; q. anther in frontal view. r. anther in dorsal view. s. gynoecium. t detail of the stigma. u. fruit; v. fruit showing the valves elastically dehiscing; w. apex the fruit. x. seed, hilar view. y. seed, side view.

FIGURE 5 in Studies on Collaea species (Fabaceae) occurring in Brazil: taxonomic novelties, new interpretations about the leaf of the genus, and new leaf anatomical characters for American Fabaceae

FIGURE 5. Cross-section of the leaflets blades and margin of Collaea aschersoniana (a–d), C. insignis (e–h), C. speciosa (i–l) and C. stenophylla (m–p): a, e, i and m general aspect of the leaf blades. b, f, j and n detail of the stomatal crypts in the adaxial surface. c, g, k and o detail of the epidermis, trichomes, vascular bundles, palisade and spongy parenchyma. d, h, l and p general aspect of the margin. (cr = stomatal crypts; ep = epidermis; fi = fibers; me = mesophyll; ph = phloem; pp = palisade parenchyma; sp = spongy parenchyma; tr = trichomes; vb = vascular bundle; xy = xylem; arrows = stomata). Scale: a, d, e, h, i, l, m, p = 200 μm; b, c, f, g, j, k, n, o = 50 μm.

FIGURE 7 in Studies on Collaea species (Fabaceae) occurring in Brazil: taxonomic novelties, new interpretations about the leaf of the genus, and new leaf anatomical characters for American Fabaceae

FIGURE 7. Cross-section of the pulvinules of Collaea aschersoniana (a–d), C. insignis. (e–h), C. speciosa (i–l) and C. stenophylla (m–p), and petiole of C. speciosa (q–s): a, e, i, m and q general aspect. b, f, j and n general aspect of the adaxial surface, highlighting the crystals. c, g, k and o general aspects of the abaxial surface. d, h, l and p detail of the vascular bundle. r detail of the trichomes, epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma, fibers, phloem and xylem. s detail of pith cells. (co = collenchyma; ep = epidermis; fi = fibers; pa = parenchyma; ph = phloem; pi = pith; tr = trichomes; vb = vascular bundle; xy = xylem; arrows = prismatic crystals). Scale: a, e, i, m, q = 200 μm; b–d, f–h, j–l, n–p, r, s = 50 μm.

FIGURE 9 in Studies on Collaea species (Fabaceae) occurring in Brazil: taxonomic novelties, new interpretations about the leaf of the genus, and new leaf anatomical characters for American Fabaceae

FIGURE 9. Cross-section of the petiole (a–c) and pulvinus (d–k) of Collaea insignis (d–g) and C. speciosa (a–c, h–k): a, d and h general aspect. b detail of the trichomes, epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma, fibers, phloem and xylem. c detail of pith cells. e and i detail of the adaxial surface. f and j detail of the abaxial surface. g and k detail of the vascular bundles highlighting the crystals. (co = collenchyma; ep = epidermis; fi = fibers; pa = parenchyma; ph = phloem; pi = pith; tr = trichomes; xy = xylem). Scale: a, d, h = 500 μm; b = 200 μm; c, e–g, i–k = 50 μm.

FIGURE 2. Collaea insignis M. J in Studies on Collaea species (Fabaceae) occurring in Brazil: taxonomic novelties, new interpretations about the leaf of the genus, and new leaf anatomical characters for American Fabaceae

FIGURE 2. Collaea insignis M. J. Silva (a and b): a. habit. b. fertile branch; Collaea speciosa (c–e): c. habit. D. foliage, note the leaves conspicuously petiolate. e. inflorescence. Photos a and b provided by Mauricio Mercadante, c and e by Rubens Queiroz.

FIGURE 6 in Studies on Collaea species (Fabaceae) occurring in Brazil: taxonomic novelties, new interpretations about the leaf of the genus, and new leaf anatomical characters for American Fabaceae

FIGURE 6. Cross-section of the midribs of Collaea aschersoniana (a–d), C. insignis (e–h), C. speciosa (i–l) and C. stenophylla (m–p): a, e, i and m general aspect. b, f, j and n general aspect of the adaxial surface, highlighting the crystals. c, g, k and o general aspects of the abaxial surface. d, h, l and p detail of the vascular bundle. (co = collenchyma; cr = stomatal crypts; ep = epidermis; fi = fibers; pa = parenchyma; ph = phloem; pi = pith; tr = trichomes; vb = vascular bundle; xy = xylem; arrows = prismatic crystals). Scale: a, e, i, m = 200 μm; b–d, f–h, j–l, n–p = 50 μm.

FIGURE 2. A–D in Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types

FIGURE 2. A–D. Convolute blade type III (stigmadontoid type). A. Stigmatodon andaraiensis (Leme 8459). B–C. S. limae (Leme 4653) in different stages of development. D. S. zonatus (Leme 6626). E–H. Convolute blade type II (vrieseoid type). E. S. vellozicolus (Leme 1113). F. S. freicanecanus (Leme 4654). G. S. oliganthus (Leme 9226). H. S. vexatus (Leme 8704). Photos by E. Leme. Bars: = 2 mm.

FIGURE 7. Stigmatodon vexatus. A in Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types

FIGURE 7. Stigmatodon vexatus. A. Group of plants at the type locality. B–C. Habit. D. Lateral view of the flower. E. Frontal view of the flower. Photos by E. Leme.

FIGURE 3. A–C. Convolute blade type I in Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types

FIGURE 3. A–C. Convolute blade type I (guzmanioid type). A. Guzmania acorifolia (Leme 588). B. Guzmania sp. (Leme 4061). C. G. vittata (Leme 431). D–P. Convolute blade type II (vrieseoid type). D. Vriesea gigantea (Leme 5128). E. V. amethystina (Leme 2680). F. V. carinata (Leme 4431). G. V. eltoniana (Leme 5160). H. V. ensiformis var. bicolor (Leme 1333). I. V. flammea (Leme 9857). J. V. sparsiflora (Leme 2291). K. V. garlippiana (Leme 3582). L. V. exaltata (Leme 502-A). M. V. roethii (Leme 2667). N. V. hydrophora (Leme 2237). O. V. morrenii (Leme 8666). P. V. fosteriana (Leme 4885). Photos by E. Leme. Bars: = 2 mm.

FIGURE 5. Stigmatodon itamarajuensis. A in Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types

FIGURE 5. Stigmatodon itamarajuensis. A. General view of the landscape at the type locality with Monte Pescoço on the left side. B. Close up of Monte Pescoço. C–D. Population near the base of Monte Pescoço. E. Habit. F. Distal portion of the inflorescence and lateral view of the flower. G. Details of the propagation by short basal shoots. H. Details of the stamens. I. Frontal view of the flower (A–D, F, H, I, photos E. Leme; E, G, photos by D.R. Couto).

FIGURE 4. Stigmatodon ilhanus. A in Novelties in Stigmatodon (Bromeliaceae, Tillandsioideae), a genus endemic to Brazil: three new species, one new combination, and two new stigma types

FIGURE 4. Stigmatodon ilhanus. A. General view of the landscape at the type locality. B. Inselberg where S. ilhanus was collected. C. The climber Andre Ilha collecting the new species. D. Details of the population at the type locality. E. Habit. F. Lateral view of the flower. G. Frontal view of the flower (A, B & D, photos by A. Ilha; C, photo by M. Freitas; E–G, photos by E. Leme).

FIGURE 4. Mitreola spathulifolia. A, B in Novelties in Asian Mitreola (Loganiaceae): M. capitata, a new species from Vietnam, and lectotypification of M. spathulifolia

FIGURE 4. Mitreola spathulifolia. A, B. Plants in situ with fruiting (withered) inflorescences. C. Population on a limestone cliff. Chi, Fu s.n. (China, Guangxi, Mashan County, Guling Town, Liming Village, Neigan Tun, Neigan Cave, 23°35'20.84''N 108°22'23.95''E, 329 m, 04 January 2022). Photos by X. Chi.

FIGURE 1. Mitreola capitata. A, B. Habit. C in Novelties in Asian Mitreola (Loganiaceae): M. capitata, a new species from Vietnam, and lectotypification of M. spathulifolia

FIGURE 1. Mitreola capitata. A, B. Habit. C. Leaf-rosette viewed from below, showing distal portion of stem and abaxial sides of leaves. D. Leaf, adaxial side. Nuraliev et al. NUR 3614. Photos by M.S. Nuraliev.

FIGURE 2. Mitreola capitata. A–C in Novelties in Asian Mitreola (Loganiaceae): M. capitata, a new species from Vietnam, and lectotypification of M. spathulifolia

FIGURE 2. Mitreola capitata. A–C. Inflorescences (top view, side view and view from below). D–F. Flower (top view and oblique views). G. Longitudinally dissected flower. H. Flower (side view). Nuraliev et al. NUR 3614. Photos by M.S. Nuraliev.

FIGURE 9 in Novelties in "incertae sedis" Vriesea (Bromeliaceae:Tillandsioideae): Redescriptions, new combinations and nomenclatural revision

FIGURE 9. Werauhia swartzii (Baker) Kessous & A.F.Costa. A. Isotype, Swartz sn (S-R-10050; Scanned by Frida Eggens (S); Courtesy of the Swedish Museum of Natural History). B. Living specimen (Photo: Philip K. Nelson, courtesy of Smithsonian Institution). C. Petal with appendages, one appendaged had its outline highlighted (Photo and illustration: I.M. Kessous). D. Stigma (Photo: I.M. Kessous).

FIGURE 8 in Novelties in "incertae sedis" Vriesea (Bromeliaceae:Tillandsioideae): Redescriptions, new combinations and nomenclatural revision

FIGURE 8. Werauhia fibrosa (L.B.Sm.) Kessous & A.F.Costa. A. Holotype Maguire & Politi 27912 (US; Courtesy of the United States National Herbarium). B. Detail of the inflorescence (adapted from Smith, 1957:317). C. Stigma cupulate (Photo: I.M. Kessous). D. Illustration of the outline of one petal appendage (I.M. Kessous).

FIGURE 6 in Novelties in "incertae sedis" Vriesea (Bromeliaceae:Tillandsioideae): Redescriptions, new combinations and nomenclatural revision

FIGURE 6. Tillandsia lutheriana (J.R.Grant) Kessous & A.F.Costa. A. Isotype, J.R. Grant 91-01475 (SEL; Courtesy of the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens). B. Habit (Grant 1992: 117;). C. Habit and detail of inflorescence (Grant 1992: 115; Photos: C. Skotak). D. Detail of the flower and the petal (Grant 1992: 116). Images courtesy of the Bromeliad Society International (B, C and D).

FIGURE 4 in Novelties in "incertae sedis" Vriesea (Bromeliaceae:Tillandsioideae): Redescriptions, new combinations and nomenclatural revision

FIGURE 4. Cipuropsis zamorensis (L.B.Sm.) Kessous & A.F.Costa. Holotype, Scolnik 1500 (NY; Courtesy of the C. V. Starr Virtual Herbarium, New York Botanical Garden, http://sweetgum.nybg.org/science/vh/).

FIGURE 1 in Novelties in "incertae sedis" Vriesea (Bromeliaceae:Tillandsioideae): Redescriptions, new combinations and nomenclatural revision

FIGURE 1. Cipuropsis dubia (L.B.Sm.) Kessous & A.F.Costa. A. Holotype Jaramillo-Mejia 571 (COL; Courtesy of the Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia). B. Blade (Phytologia 5: 287. 1955). C. Plate of V. alborubrobracteata Rauh (Trop. Subtrop. Pflanzenw. 16: 22. 1976; Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur). D. Fruit and seeds (Phytologia 5: 287. 1955).

FIGURE 2 in Novelties in "incertae sedis" Vriesea (Bromeliaceae:Tillandsioideae): Redescriptions, new combinations and nomenclatural revision

FIGURE 2. Cipuropsis elata (Baker) Kessous & A.F.Costa, A. Branch of the inflorescence. B. Flower. C. Sepal. D. Section of the rachis. E. Blade apex. F. Lectotype Purdie s.n. (K #K322035; Courtesy of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: http://apps.kew.org/herbcat/ getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000322035). G. Isotype of Tillandsia exaltata Mez, Lehmann XXV (US; Courtesy of the United States National Herbarium). Illustration A–E modified from Smith 1957: 177; Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb.).