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opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

Data for : "Three months of combined high resolution rainfall and wind data collected on a wind farm"

The data set corresponds the data presented in the data paper : “Three months of combined high resolution rainfall and wind data collected on a wind farm “ Earth System Science Data” (https://www.earth-system-science-data.net/). More details can be found in the Read_me_v1.txt file and in the paper.

opencc-zeroJan 2022View details →

Leaf economics in a three‐dimensional environment: Testing leaf trait responses in vascular epiphytes to land use, climate, and tree zone

1. The study of functional traits offers predictive power for community ecology. Particularly in cases where individual species are difficult to study, known properties of trait spectra, such as the leaf economics spectrum (LES), and trait-environment relationships can provide crucial generalizable information that can contribute to forecasts of distributional shifts in response to the abiotic effects of climate and land use changes. 2. Vascular epiphytes have been proposed as indicators of environmental change, but we know little about the ecology of most species. Key functional trait assumptions are based on terrestrial plants; testing these in epiphytes verifies their universality and will inform applying functional traits in predicting epiphyte responses to climate and land use change. 3. In this study, we use functional traits from 37 vascular epiphyte species from forests and shade coffee farms at two sites in northern Nicaragua. We compare correlations among traits and intraspecific trait variances with those of terrestrial plants and among epiphyte taxonomic groups. We also test trait responses to environmental differences between sites and land use types, and within zones of the tree. 4. We find that epiphyte leaf traits fall toward the slower end of the LES, but with about one-third lower leaf nitrogen per change in specific leaf area (SLA) relative to terrestrial herbaceous plants. Bromeliads show less relationship between these traits than other epiphyte groups and also deviate in other trait interrelationships, suggesting unique leaf construction. 5. Trait-environment relationships varied most strongly along vertical gradients within trees, but some traits, including SLA and carbon isotope ratio, also responded to land use and site differences. 6. We present evidence that trait relationships established for terrestrial plants appear to translate to epiphytes, but identify some possible caveats. Strong trait response to vertical gradients within trees suggests that within-canopy shifts could provide resilience to climate and land use changes for some epiphyte species.

data set regarding to project Optimal assessment of nutritional status in older subjects with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – a comparison of three screening tools used in the GLIM diagnostic algorithm

data set regarding to project Optimal assessment of nutritional status in older subjects with the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – a comparison of three screening tools used in the GLIM diagnostic algorithm

opencc-zeroJan 2022View details →

Recruitment limitation for three tree species in BCI, Panama

Recruitment limitation – the failure of a species to establish recruits at an available site – is a potential determinant of plant communities' structure, causing local communities to be a limited subset of the regional species pool. Recruitment limitation results from three mechanisms: i) lack of seed sources (i.e., source limitation), ii) failure of available seeds to reach recruitment sites (i.e., dispersal limitation), and iii) failure of arrived seeds to establish at a location (i.e., establishment limitation). Here, we evaluated the relative importance of these mechanisms in three co-occurring tree species (Dipteryx oleifera, Attalea butyracea, and Astrocaryum standleyanum) that share seed dispersers/predators. The study was set up on Barro Colorado Island (Panama) at 62 1-ha sites with varying tree densities. Source limitation was estimated as the proportion of sites that would be reached by seeds if seeds were distributed uniformly. Dispersal limitation was estimated from the number of sites with seeds in the soil bank. Establishment limitation was evaluated by measuring germination and 1-year survival in seed addition experiments. The effect of conspecific and heterospecific densities on the mechanisms was evaluated at three spatial scales (1, 5 and 9 ha). For all species, seed predation was the most important recruitment component (~80% decrease in seed survival). Establishment varied among species and was affected by conspecific and heterospecific species densities across spatial scales. Given that species identity, distribution and seed dispersal/predation affect recruitment at multiple scales, multiscale studies are required to understand how recruitment limitation determines community structure in tropical forests.

Utilizing Hydrothermal Processing to Align Structure and In Vitro Digestion Kinetics between Three Different Pulse Types

The data used for the graphs in the paper: Pälchen, K.; Van den Wouwer, B.; Duijsens, D.; Hendrickx, M.E.; Van Loey, A.; Grauwet, T. Utilizing Hydrothermal Processing to Align Structure and In Vitro Digestion Kinetics between Three Different Pulse Types. Foods 2021, 11, 206. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11020206 Abstract Processing results in the transformation of pulses’ structural architecture. Consequently, digestion is anticipated to emerge from the combined effect of intrinsic (matrix-dependent) and extrinsic (processed-induced) factors. In this work, we aimed to investigate the interrelated effect of intrinsic and extrinsic factors on pulses’ structural architecture and resulting digestive consequences. Three commercially relevant pulses (chickpea, pea, black bean) were selected based on reported differences in macronutrient and cell wall composition. Starch and protein digestion kinetics of hydrothermally processed whole pulses were assessed along with microstructural and physicochemical characteristics and compared to the digestion behavior of individual cotyledon cells isolated thereof. Despite different rates of hardness decay upon hydrothermal processing, the pulses reached similar residual hardness values (40 N). Aligning the pulses at the level of this macrostructural property translated into similar microstructural characteristics after mechanical disintegration (isolated cotyledon cells) with comparable yields of cotyledon cells for all pulses (41–62%). We observed that processing to equivalent microstructural properties resulted in similar starch and protein digestion kinetics, regardless of the pulse type and (prolonged) processing times. This demonstrated the capacity of (residual) hardness as a food structuring parameter in pulses. Furthermore, we illustrated that the digestive behavior of isolated cotyledon cells was representative of the digestion behavior of corresponding whole pulses, opening up perspectives for the incorporation of complete hydrothermally processed pulses as food ingredients.

Database of initial survival of three pine species after antitranspirant application

Raw data from the Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales paper: "Initial survival of three pine species after antitranspirant application" Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Forestales 2022 13(69): 176-199. doi:<a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f9020071">10.29298/rmcf.v13i69.1145.</a> The database corresponds to seedlings of three Mexican pines: P. cooperi, P. durangensis and P. engelmannii, that were treated with three antitranspirant products (Vapor Gard, Fitoglass, and Ecofilm) and two application methods (spraying and immersion). Survival data and root neck diameter were measured.

Wake vortices and dissipation in a tidally modulated flow past a three-dimensional topography

LES simulation data of tidally modulated flow past an abyssal hill. Data used in the figures are available

Fig. 37. Alexeter shakojiensis Uchida, 1930 in The genus Alexeter Förster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) in China, with descriptions of three new species

Fig. 37. Alexeter shakojiensis Uchida, 1930, ♀ (GSFGPM), habitus, lateral view. Scale bar: 2 mm.

Fig. 36 in The genus Alexeter Förster (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) in China, with descriptions of three new species

Fig. 36. Alexeter angularis (Uchida, 1952), ♀ (GSFGPM), habitus, lateral view. Scale bar: 2 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2021View details →

Traits, landmarks and outlines: Three congruent sides of a tale on coral reef fish morphology

Quantifying the morphology of organisms remains fundamental in ecology given the form-function relationship. Morphology is quantifiable in traits, landmarks, and outlines, and the choice of approach may influence ecological conclusions to an unknown extent. Here, we apply these three approaches to 111 individual coral reef fish of 40 species common in Micronesia. We investigate the major dimensions of morphological variability among individuals, families, and predefined feeding functional groups. We find that although the approaches are complementary, they coincide in capturing elongation as the main dimension of variability. Further, the choice of approach led to different interpretations regarding the degree of morphological differentiation among taxonomic and feeding functional groups. We also use each morphology dataset to compute community-scale morphological diversity on Palauan reefs and investigate how the choice of dataset affects the detection of differences among sites and wave exposure levels. The exact ranking of sites from highest to lowest morphological diversity was sensitive to the approach used, but not the broad spatial pattern of morphological diversity. Conclusions regarding the effect of wave exposure on morphological diversity were robust to the approach used. Biodiversity hotspots (e.g. areas of exceptionally high diversity and/or endemism) are considered important conservation targets but their location may depend on the biodiversity metric used. In the same vein, our results caution against labelling particular sites as morphological diversity hotspots when metrics consider only a single aspect of morphology.

CW EPR data supporting : Twenty-three–millisecond electron spin coherence of erbium ions in a natural-abundance crystal

Continuous Wave electron spin resonance. Data corresponding to supporting information. Sample: CaWO4 recorded at 8K Dataset for the reference : Twenty-three–millisecond electron spin coherence of erbium ions in a natural-abundance crystal https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abj9786   Marianne Le Dantec, Miloš Rančić, Sen Lin, Eric Billaud, Vishal Ranjan, Daniel Flanigan, Sylvain Bertaina, Thierry Chanelière, Philippe Goldner, Andreas Erb, Ren Bao Liu , Daniel Estève , Denis Vion , Emmanuel Flurin , Patrice Bertet *

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2022View details →

Parametric exploration of zero-energy modes in three-terminal InSb-Al nanowire devices

Files inlcude 1) Raw data for all figure 2) data process file 3) Generated figures

opencc-zeroFeb 2022View details →

Data from: Computed tomographic analysis of dental system of three Jurassic ceratopsians: implications for the evolution of the tooth replacement pattern and diet in early-diverging ceratopsians

The dental system of ceratopsids is among the most specialized structure in Dinosauria, and includes high angled wear surfaces, split tooth roots, and multiple teeth in each tooth family. However, the early evolution of this unique dental system is generally poorly understood due to a lack of knowledge of the dental morphology and development in early-diverging ceratopsians. Here we study the dental system of three of the earliest-diverging Chinese ceratopsians: Yinlong and Hualianceratops from the early Late Jurassic of Xinjiang, and Chaoyangsaurus from the Late Jurassic of Liaoning. By using micro-computed tomographic analyses, our study has revealed significant new information regarding the dental system of these early ceratopsians, including no more than five replacement teeth in each jaw quadrant; at most one generation of replacement teeth in each alveolus; nearly full resorption of the functional tooth root during tooth replacement; and occlusion with low-angled, concave wear facets that differs significantly from the shearing occlusal system seen in ceratopsids. Yinlong displays an increase in the number of maxillary tooth alveoli and a decrease in the number of replacement teeth during ontogeny as well as the retention of remnants of functional teeth in the largest individual. Early-diverging ceratopsians thus display a relatively slow tooth replacement rate compared to late-diverging ceratopsians. Combined with paleobotany and palaeoenvironment data, Yinlong likely uses gastroliths to triturate foodstuffs, and the difference in diet strategy might have influenced the pattern of tooth replacement in later-diverging ceratopsians.

opencc-by-4.0Feb 2022View details →

Physiological host range of three Trissolcus parasitoids in New Zealand

This archive contains a 'data' folder holding an Excel workbook with the results of no-choice oviposition experiments conducted with Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) & Trissolcus oenone (Dodd) (Scelionidae: Hymenoptera) and New Zealand species of Pentatomidae. Trissolcus basalis is a biological control agent released in New Zealand in 1949 against Nezara viridula L., and Trissolcus oenone is a native parasitoid also present in Australia. This is the first time the physiological host ranges of each parasitoid have been established quantitatively in New Zealand, and for Trissolcus basalis, this study provides a retrospective view of its physiological host range after 80 years in the country. This workbook also contains a second sheet holding a combined dataset - a combination of results from the previously mentioned study and those from: "Experimental assessment of the biosafety of Trissolcus japonicus in New Zealand, prior to the anticipated arrival of the invasive pest Halyomorpha halys" (DOI: 10.1007/s10526-019-09949-x). The archive also contains a 'src' folder containing an R markdown file with the R code used to perform analyses.

opencc-zeroMar 2022View details →

Characterization of Salix nigra floral insect community and activity of three native Andrena bees

Salix nigra (black willow) is a widespread tree that hosts many species of polylectic hymenopterans and oligolectic bees of the genus Andrena. The early flowering of S. nigra makes it an important nutritive resource for insects emerging from hibernation. However, since S. nigra is dioecious, not all insect visits will lead to successful pollination. Using both visual observation and pan-trapping we characterized the community of insects that visited S. nigra flowers and assessed differences among male and female trees as well as the chemical and visual drivers that influenced community composition across three years. We found that male trees consistently supported higher diversity of insects than female trees and only three insect species, all Andrena spp., consistently visited both sexes. Additionally, A. nigrae, which was the only insect that occurred more on female than male flowers, correlated strongly to volatile cues. This suggests that cross-pollinators cue into specific aspects of floral scent, but diversity of floral visitors is driven strongly by visual cues of yellow male pollen. Through time the floral activity of two Andrena species remained stable, but A. nigrae visited less in 2017 when flowers bloomed earlier than other years. When native bee emergence does not synchronize with bloom, activity appears to be diminished which could threaten species that subsist on a single host. Despite the community diversity of S. nigra flowers, its productivity depends on a small fraction of species that are not threatened by competition, but rather by rapidly changing conditions that lead to host-insect asynchrony.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Raw Data for the article: Efficacy of Three Commercial Disinfectants in Reducing Microbial Surfaces' Contaminations of Pharmaceuticals Hospital Facilities

To evaluate and validate the efficacy of disinfectants used in our cleaning procedure, in order to reduce pharmaceutical hospital surfaces' contaminations, we tested the action of three commercial disinfectants on small representative samples of the surfaces present in our hospital cleanrooms. These samples (or coupons) were contaminated with selected microorganisms for the validation of the disinfectants. The coupons were sampled before and after disinfection and the microbial load was assessed to calculate the Log10 reduction index. Subsequently, we developed and validated a disinfection procedure on real surfaces inside the cleanrooms intentionally contaminated with microorganisms, using approximately 107-108 total colony forming units per coupon. Our results showed a bactericidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal efficacy coherent to the acceptance criteria suggested by United States Pharmacopeia 35 <1072>. The correct implementation of our cleaning and disinfection procedure, respecting stipulated concentrations and contact times, led to a reduction of at least 6 Log10 for all microorganisms used. The proposed disinfection procedure reduced the pharmaceutical hospital surfaces' contaminations, limited the propagation of microorganisms in points adjacent to the disinfected area, and ensured high disinfection and safety levels for operators, patients, and treated surfaces.

opencc-by-4.0Mar 2022View details →

Folded data for first three observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo

This release contains folded datasets from the first three observing runs of Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors, which were recently used to perform the broadband directional search (https://dcc.ligo.org/LIGO-P2000500/public) and the all-sky-all-frequency directional search (https://dcc.ligo.org/LIGO-P2100292/public) for a persistent anisotropic gravitational wave background. The DataContent_Readme.md file provides information on the content of the files and how to read these datasets.

opencc-by-nd-4.0Nov 2021View details →

Figure 2. Three brooding Brettus cingulatus females. 1, Female guarding recently deposited eggs. 2 in Do female Brettus cingulatus (Araneae: Salticidae: Spartaeini) feed their young?

Figure 2. Three brooding Brettus cingulatus females. 1, Female guarding recently deposited eggs. 2, Female with first instar young, still with little pigmentation of the opisthosoma. Note that almost all covering silk, white flecks, and eggshell fragments were absent at this stage. 3, Later first instar young with full pigmentation of the prosoma and opisthosoma, as well as pigmentation of each femur I. The female (not shown) was still guarding the brood at this stage. Photographs by Arundathi Sambayya taken at Bhimanakone, Sangara taluk, Shimoga District, Karnataka, India.

opencc-by-4.0Jan 2017View details →

Fig. 1 in Rovno Amber Caddisflies (Insecta, Trichoptera) From Different Localities, With Information About Three New Sites

Fig. 1. Map of the type localities of Rovno amber caddisflies.