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23,351 results for “Comparative”
Comparative genomics sheds new light on the convergent evolution of infrared vision in snakes
<p>Infrared vision is a highly specialized sensory system that evolved independently in three clades of snakes. Apparently, convergent evolution occurred in the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (<em>TRPA1</em>) proteins of infrared-sensing snakes. However, this gene can only explain how infrared signals are received, and not the transduction and processing of those signals. We sequenced the genome of <em>Xenopeltis unicolor</em>, a key outgroup species for pythons, and performed a genome-wide analysis of convergence between two clades of infrared-sensing snakes. Our results revealed pervasive molecular adaptation in pathways associated with neural development and other functions, with parallel selection on loci associated with trigeminal nerve structural organization. Additionally, we found evidence of convergent amino acid substitutions in a set of genes, including <em>TRPA1 </em>and<em> TRPM2</em>. Analysis also identified convergent accelerated evolution in non-coding elements near 12 genes involved in facial nerve structural organization and optic nerve development. Thus, convergent evolution occurred across multiple dimensions of infrared vision in vipers and pythons, as well as amino acid substitutions, non-coding elements, genes, and functions. These changes enabled independent groups of snakes to develop and utilize infrared vision.</p>
Comparative Study of Demographic Profile and Health Condition among Transgender and Cisgender in India
<p>This data set respresents data on Transgender and Cisgender Community including their demographic profile and health condition living in Varanasi District of Uttar Pradesh State in India. The data was collected with ethical permission and consent of respondents. This work is thesis related. The given data is according to survey conducted in the concern area. </p>
Fig. 8 in Five Subtidal Species of the Family Pilumnidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Philippines, with Comparative Notes on Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, 2020, from Japan
Fig. 8. Viaderiana sentus Ng, Dai and Yang, 1 Ə (NMCR-92509; cb 8.4×cl 6.4 mm). Habitus in dorsal view (A), and carapace, enlarged (B). In Fig. A, the right half of the carapace is denuded, with the horny tip of each anterolateral tooth broken off.
Fig. 1 in Five Subtidal Species of the Family Pilumnidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Philippines, with Comparative Notes on Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, 2020, from Japan
Fig. 1. Heteropilumnus planus Ng and Lin, ovig.8 (NMCR-92506; cb 10.9×cl 7.3 mm). A: Dorsal view with the right half denuded. B: Frontal view to show the flattened carapace dorsal surface and the indented posterior margin of the epistome.
Fig. 4 in Five Subtidal Species of the Family Pilumnidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Philippines, with Comparative Notes on Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, 2020, from Japan
Fig. 4. Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, Ə (A, C–E: NSMT-Cr 31483; cb 10.2×cl 8.0 mm), Ə (B: NSMT-Cr 31482; 8.3×6.2 mm) from Suruga Bay. Habitus in dorsal view (A), chelae in outer view (B), Left G1in ventral view (C), enlarged distal part of left G1 in ventral (D) and sternal (E) views. Scale for C=2 mm.
Fig. 9 in Five Subtidal Species of the Family Pilumnidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Philippines, with Comparative Notes on Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, 2020, from Japan
Fig. 9. Viaderiana sentus Ng, Dai and Yang, 1 Ə (NMCR-92509; cb 8.4×cl 6.4 mm). Right chela in dorsal view (A), right first to fourth ambulatory legs in dorsal view (B–E); left G1 in sternal view (F) and its distal part in abdominal view (G). Scales: A–E=5 mm; G=4 mm; F=2 mm.
Fig. 3 in Five Subtidal Species of the Family Pilumnidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Philippines, with Comparative Notes on Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, 2020, from Japan
Fig. 3. Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, Ə (NSMT-Cr 31483; cb 10.2×cl 8.0 mm) from Suruga Bay. Posture in field (A), and habitus in dorsal view (B).
Fig. 7. Pilumnus aff. purpureus A in Five Subtidal Species of the Family Pilumnidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Philippines, with Comparative Notes on Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, 2020, from Japan
Fig. 7. Pilumnus aff. purpureus A. Milne-Edwards, ovig, 8 (NMCR-92510; cb 11.4×7.9 mm). Habitus in dorsal view (A), and both chelae in outer view (B).
Fig. 2. Pilumnus caerulescens A in Five Subtidal Species of the Family Pilumnidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Philippines, with Comparative Notes on Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, 2020, from Japan
Fig. 2. Pilumnus caerulescens A. Milne-Edwards, Ə (NMCR-92507; cb 11.5×cl 14.0 mm). Habitus in dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views.
Fig. 6 in Five Subtidal Species of the Family Pilumnidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Philippines, with Comparative Notes on Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, 2020, from Japan
Fig. 6. Pilumnus neglectus Balss, Ə (NMCR-92508; cb 8.3×cl 6.9 mm). Habitus in dorsal view (A), and both chelae in outer view (B).
Fig. 5 in Five Subtidal Species of the Family Pilumnidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura) from the Philippines, with Comparative Notes on Pilumnus hirsutissimus Takeda and Komatsu, 2020, from Japan
Fig. 5. Posture in field, with color in life. A: Heteropilumnus planus Ng and Lin, ovig.8 (NMCR-92506; cb 10.9×cl 7.3 mm). B: Pilumnus caerulescens A. Milne-Edwards, Ə (NMCR-92507; cb 11.5×cl 14.0 mm). C: Pilumnus neglectus Balss, Ə (NMCR-92508; cb 8.3×cl 6.9 mm). D: Pilumnus aff. purpureus A. MilneEdwards, ovig. 8 (NMCR-92510; cb 11.4×cl 7.9 mm).
Datasets for comparing NNs and DDCM
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Fig. 2 in Comparative phenology and cohort survival of beech scale (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in part of its native range (Caucasus Mountains, Georgia) and in an invaded area (Massachusetts, USA)
Fig. 2. Cloth wrapping used to cage beech trunk section in 2012 at Gulelebi Forest in Georgia where one part of the scale cohort survival study was conducted.
Fig. 6 in Comparative phenology and cohort survival of beech scale (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in part of its native range (Caucasus Mountains, Georgia) and in an invaded area (Massachusetts, USA)
Fig. 6. Comparative cumulative day-degrees for Tianeti in the country of Georgia (cum DD GEO) and Windsor, Massachusetts, USA (cum DD MA), each in the years in which phenological observations on beech scale were made at the 2 locations.
Fig. 5 in Comparative phenology and cohort survival of beech scale (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in part of its native range (Caucasus Mountains, Georgia) and in an invaded area (Massachusetts, USA)
Fig. 5. Phenology of life stages of beech scale in Massachusetts (USA) (Notchview Reservation, property of Trustees of Reservations, Windsor, 2013), showing univoltine cycle, with settled crawlers being the overwintering stage.
Fig. 4 in Comparative phenology and cohort survival of beech scale (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in part of its native range (Caucasus Mountains, Georgia) and in an invaded area (Massachusetts, USA)
Fig. 4. Phenology of life stages of beech scale in Georgia (Gulelebi Forest, Tianeti District, 2011), showing bivoltine cycle, with adult females being the overwintering stage.
Fig. 3 in Comparative phenology and cohort survival of beech scale (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in part of its native range (Caucasus Mountains, Georgia) and in an invaded area (Massachusetts, USA)
Fig. 3. (a) Example of trunk cages made from small Petri dishes (with an open bottom) that were used to isolate scale patches in Massachusetts. (b) Patches of beech scale initiated by delimiting groups (<50) of newly settled crawlers with top patch (defined by black circle marked on bark) lef uncaged, whereas lower patch was caged (caged removed here) from Oct 2011 to Oct 2012 (1 scale generation) at which time scales were a mixture of adults and crawlers of the next generation; done on American beech at Notchview Reservation (property of Trustees of Reservations), Windsor, Massachusetts, USA. Note the greater number of large white woolly dots (adults of the test generation) in the bottom circle, suggesting significant mortality due to factors, like generalist predators, that were excluded by the cages.
Fig. 1 in Comparative phenology and cohort survival of beech scale (Hemiptera: Eriococcidae) in part of its native range (Caucasus Mountains, Georgia) and in an invaded area (Massachusetts, USA)
Fig. 1. Sites in Georgia where studies were conducted. Site 1 (Gulelebi Forest) was used in 2011 for the phenology observations, and sites 2 (Gombori) and 3 (Lagodekhi) were used for the cohort survival experiment in 2012.
Fig. 5. The Mantel test compares a in Application of allozyme markers for screening of turbot populations along Western Black Sea coast
Fig. 5. The Mantel test compares a genetic distance (Y matrix) with a geographical distance (X matrix) in kilometers to test correlation between genetics and geographical location.
Data for: Activity of predators in seabird colonies decreases during the darkest compared to the brightest phase of the diel cycle below, but not above, the Arctic Circle
<p>The description of the data and how they were collected is in the associated open access publication: Huffeldt, N.P., F.M. van Beest, H.L. Kenyon, J. Danielsen, and T. Guilford. (2024) Activity of predators in seabird colonies decreases during the darkest compared to the brightest phase of the diel cycle below, but not above, the Arctic Circle. <em>Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research</em> 56: 2367262. https://doi.org/10.1080/15230430.2024.2367262</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.