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646 results for “Migration data”
Data from: Interpreting the estimated timing of migration events between hybridizing species
The question of whether speciation can occur in the presence of gene flow has long been a contentious one. However, measuring the amount and timing of gene flow remains challenging. The computer program IMA2 allows researchers to estimate the timing of migration events for each locus during analyses, and these estimates have been used to infer the timing of introgression and mode of speciation. We use simulated datasets to examine the degree to which gene flow timing estimates can be used for these purposes, and what demographic conditions and datasets may be most amenable to gene flow timing estimation. We find that the 90% highest posterior density (HPD) interval of gene flow timing is almost always substantially wider than the actual window of gene flow, and increasing the information content of the dataset in terms of number of loci, number of sequences sampled, or locus length (and thus number of variable sites) has little impact on the posterior distribution over the range of values we tested. Even when simulated gene flow only occurred over the most recent 0.01% of the species' history, the HPD interval usually encompasses the inferred divergence time. Our results indicate that gene flow timing estimates made using the method currently implemented in IMA2 cannot reliably be used to make inferences about the timing of introgression between diverged species or to distinguish between speciation with gene flow and allopatric speciation followed by one or more episodes of gene flow.
Data from: Faster migration in autumn than in spring: seasonal migration patterns and non-breeding distribution of Icelandic Whimbrels Numenius phaeopus islandicus
Migration is fundamental in the life of many birds and entails significant energetic and time investments. Given the importance of arrival time in the breeding area and the relatively short period available to reproduce (particularly at high latitudes), it is expected that birds reduce spring migration duration to a greater extent than autumn migration, assuming that pressure to arrive into the wintering area might be relaxed. This has previously been shown for several avian groups, but recent evidence from four tracked Icelandic Whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus islandicus), a long distance migratory wader, suggests that this subspecies tends to migrate faster in autumn than in spring. Here, we (1) investigate differences in seasonal migration duration, migration speed and ground speed of Whimbrels using 56 migrations from 19 individuals tracked with geolocators and (2) map the migration routes, wintering and stopover areas for this population. Tracking methods only provide temporal information on the migration period between departure and arrival. However, migration starts with the fuelling that takes place ahead of departure. Here we estimate the period of first fuelling using published fuel deposition rates and thus explore migration speed using tracking data. We found that migration duration was shorter in autumn than in spring. Migration speed was higher in autumn, with all individuals undertaking a direct flight to the wintering areas, while in spring most made a stopover. Wind patterns could drive Whimbrels to stop in spring, but be more favourable during autumn migration and allow a direct flight. Additionally, the stopover might allow the appraisal of weather conditions closer to the breeding areas and/or improve body condition in order to arrive at the breeding sites with reserves.
a-wis/GT-migr-forecasts: Now-casting Romanian Migration into the United Kingdom by Using Google Search Engine Data
<p>This release contains:</p> <ul> <li>data on international migration from Romania to the UK from the International Passenger Survey,</li> <li>data on interest in migration obtained from Google Trends,</li> <li>example file on how to gather data from Google Trends,</li> <li>R and Stan code to analyse these data, including updated code for producing plots as shown in the article.</li> </ul>
migration data of meanders in US
<p>this is the dataset used to calculate the migration rate in US reaches.</p>
Figure 1 from: Wehrmann J, de Boer F, Benjumea R, Cavaillès S, Engelen D, Jansen J, Verhelst B, Vansteelant WMG (2019) Batumi Raptor Count: autumn raptor migration count data from the Batumi bottleneck, Republic of Georgia. ZooKeys 836: 135-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.836.29252
Figure 1 The Batumi bottleneck lies in the western coastal part of the trans-Caucasian migration corridor for soaring birds (main map, based on Abuladze 2013) and holds the strongest passage of migrant raptors at the eastern Black Sea flyway. The two hilltop count stations (red dots) are in the foothills of the Lesser Caucasus close to the city of Batumi in southwestern Georgia (inset).
Figure 4 from: Wehrmann J, de Boer F, Benjumea R, Cavaillès S, Engelen D, Jansen J, Verhelst B, Vansteelant WMG (2019) Batumi Raptor Count: autumn raptor migration count data from the Batumi bottleneck, Republic of Georgia. ZooKeys 836: 135-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.836.29252
Figure 4 Screenshot of trektellen.org mobile application with the specific screen mode for raptor count at BRC.
Figure 3 from: Wehrmann J, de Boer F, Benjumea R, Cavaillès S, Engelen D, Jansen J, Verhelst B, Vansteelant WMG (2019) Batumi Raptor Count: autumn raptor migration count data from the Batumi bottleneck, Republic of Georgia. ZooKeys 836: 135-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.836.29252
Figure 3 Diagram of data management and processing at BRC showing the data registry development from paper based entries in the beginning to the mobile application supported entries since 2015 with subsequent final data processing and upload to the GBIF database
Figure 2 from: Wehrmann J, de Boer F, Benjumea R, Cavaillès S, Engelen D, Jansen J, Verhelst B, Vansteelant WMG (2019) Batumi Raptor Count: autumn raptor migration count data from the Batumi bottleneck, Republic of Georgia. ZooKeys 836: 135-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.836.29252
Figure 2 Schematic overview of distance and overlap zones of the two count stations at BRC showing the distance codes relative to the station from West3 (W3) to overhead (O) and East3 (E3).
Figure 5 from: Wehrmann J, de Boer F, Benjumea R, Cavaillès S, Engelen D, Jansen J, Verhelst B, Vansteelant WMG (2019) Batumi Raptor Count: autumn raptor migration count data from the Batumi bottleneck, Republic of Georgia. ZooKeys 836: 135-157. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.836.29252
Figure 5 Hierarchy of morphological groups used to estimate how many "unidentified birds" belong to each species level shown only for target species at BRC.
Figure 2 in Comparing landscape suitability and permeability with and without migration data: the influence of species movement behavior
Figure 2. Importance of environmental variables evaluated based on jackknife analysis in the first (up) and second (down) MaxEnt model.
Data for Bryan et al. (2024), The coevolution of migrating planets and their pulsating stars through episodic resonance locking.
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Data from: Horizontal and vertical movements of Caribbean reef sharks (Carcharhinus perezi): conservation implications of limited migration in a marine sanctuary
Despite the ecological and economic importance of the Caribbean reef shark (Carcharhinus perezi), little data exist regarding the movements and habitat use of this predator across its range. We deployed 11 pop-up satellite archival tags on Caribbean reef sharks captured in the northeast Exuma Sound, The Bahamas, to assess their horizontal and vertical movements throughout the water column. Sharks showed high site fidelity to The Bahamas suggesting Bahamian subpopulations remain protected within the Bahamian Shark Sanctuary. Depth data indicate that Caribbean reef sharks spent a significant proportion (72–91%) of their time above 50 m in narrow vertical depth bands, which varied considerably on an individual basis. This may be indicative of high site fidelity to specific bathymetric features. Animals exhibited three broadly categorized sporadic off-bank excursions (more than 50 m excursions) down to a depth of 436.1 m, which were more frequent during the night. These deeper excursions during night may be indicative of foraging in relation to prey on mesophotic reefs, as well as diel-vertically migrating prey from the deeper meso- and bathypelagic zones. These vertical movements suggest that Caribbean reef sharks can be significant vectors of ecosystem connectivity further warranting holistic multi-system management and conservation approaches.
Data from: Protective effect of Galectin-9 in murine model of lung emphysema: involvement of neutrophil migration and MMP-9 production
Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction and pulmonary emphysema. Persistent inflammation and remodeling of the lungs and airways result in reduced lung function and a lower quality of life. Galectin (Gal)-9 plays a crucial role as an immune modulator in various diseases. However, its role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary emphysema is unknown. This study investigates whether Gal-9 is involved in pulmonary inflammation and changes in emphysema in a porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE)-induced emphysema model. Materials and Methods: Gal-9 was administered to mice subcutaneously once daily from 1 day before PPE instillation to day 5. During the development of emphysema, lung tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected. Histological and cytological findings, concentrations of chemokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the BALF, and the influence of Gal-9 treatment on neutrophils were analyzed. Results: Gal-9 suppressed the pathological changes of PPE-induced emphysema. The mean linear intercept (Lm) of Gal-9-treated emphysema mice was significantly lower than that of PBS-treated emphysema mice (66.1 ± 3.3 µm vs. 118.8 ± 14.8 µm, respectively; p < 0.01). Gal-9 decreased the number of neutrophils and levels of MMP-9, MMP-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 in the BALF. The number of neutrophils in the BALF correlated significantly with MMPs levels. Interestingly, Gal-9 pretreatment in vitro inhibited the chemotactic activity of neutrophils and MMP-9 production from neutrophils. Furthermore, in Gal-9-deficient mice, PPE-induced emphysema progressed significantly compared with that in wild–type (WT) mice (108.7 ± 6.58 µm vs. 77.19 ± 6.97 µm, respectively; p < 0.01). Conclusions: These results suggest that Gal-9 protects PPE-induced inflammation and emphysema by inhibiting the infiltration of neutrophils and decreasing MMPs levels. Exogenous Gal-9 could be a potential therapeutic agent for COPD.
Data from: Predation can select for later and more synchronous arrival times in migrating species
For migratory species, the timing of arrival at breeding grounds is an important determinant of fitness. Too early arrival at the breeding ground is associated with various costs, and we focus on one understudied cost: that migrants can experience a higher risk of predation if arriving earlier than the bulk of the breeding population. We show, using both a semi-analytic and simulation model, that predation can select for later arrival. This is because of safety in numbers: predation risk becomes diluted if many other individuals, either con- or heterospecific, are already residing in the area. Predation risk dilution can also select for more synchronous arrival because deviating from the current population-wide norm to earlier or later dates leads to higher predation risk or to failures in territory acquisition, respectively. The fact that selection for high arrival synchrony can in some cases be more important than selection for a specific date (early or late) within the season is an example of an 'evolutionary priority effect': whichever strategy – in this case a particular arrival time – becomes established in a population can remain stable over long periods of time; there are many possible equilibria (multiple stable states) which the population can remain at. Mixed arrival strategies are also possible under some circumstances.
Data from: Comparison of non-Gaussian quantitative genetic models for migration and stabilizing selection
The balance between stabilizing selection and migration of maladapted individuals has formerly been modeled using a variety of quantitative genetic models of increasing complexity, including models based on a constant expressed genetic variance and models based on normality. The infinitesimal model can accommodate non-normality and a non-constant genetic variance as a result of linkage disequilibrium. It can be seen as a parsimonious one-parameter model which approximates the underlying genetic details well when a large number of loci are involved. Here, the performance of this model is compared to several more realistic explicit multilocus models, with either two, several or a large number of alleles per locus with unequal effect sizes. Predictions for the deviation of the population mean from the optimum are highly similar across the different models, so that the non-Gaussian infinitesimal model forms a good approximation. It does however generally estimate a higher genetic variance than the multilocus models, with the difference decreasing with an increasing number of loci. The difference between multilocus models depends more strongly on the effective number of loci, accounting for relative contributions of loci to the variance, than on the number of alleles per locus.
Data from: On the evolution of migration in heterogeneous environments
Populations often experience variable conditions, both in time and space. Here we develop a novel theoretical framework to study the evolution of migration under the influence of spatially and temporally variable selection and genetic drift. First we examine when polymorphism is maintained at a locus under heterogeneous selection, as a function of the pattern of spatial heterogeneity and the migration rate. In a second step, we study how levels of migration evolve under the joint action of kin competition and local adaptation at a polymorphic locus. This analysis reveals the existence of evolutionary bistability where a low or a high migration rate may evolve depending on the initial conditions. Last, we relax several assumptions regarding selection heterogeneity commonly made in previous studies and explore the consequences of more complex spatial and temporal patterns of variability in selection on the evolution of migration. We found that small modifications in the pattern of environmental heterogeneity may have dramatic effects on the evolution of migration. This work highlights the importance of considering more general scenarios of environmental heterogeneity when studying the evolution of life history traits in ecologically complex settings.
Experimental data for chloride diffusion coefficient of concrete by rapid chloride migration test
<p>This database collects the chloride ion diffusion coefficient measured by RCM method (including the method adopted by the Nordic standard NT Build 492, the IBAC method of Germany's Anchen University of technology, as well as the methods adopted by China's GB/T 50082-2009 and JTG/T B07-01-2006); The curing method is standard curing.</p>
Fig. 1 in Data on migration and wintering of the Common Crane (Grus grus Linnaeus, 1758) in Northwestern Bulgaria
Fig. 1. Registrations of migrating (red circles) and wintering Common Cranes (blue triangles) in NW Bulgaria. Inset - flock of 61 Common Cranes near Ogosta Dam.
Data and analysis from: Two centuries of monarch butterfly collections reveal contrasting effects of range expansion and migration loss on wing traits
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Data from: Why are tropical mountain passes ‘low’ for some species? genetic and stable-isotope tests for differentiation, migration, and expansion in elevational generalist songbirds
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.