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Figure 12 in Opening a box of cryptic taxa - the first review of the North African desert lizards in the Trapelus mutabilis Merrem, 1820 complex (Squamata: Agamidae) with descriptions of new taxa
Figure 12. Neotype (ZFMK 77470) of Trapelus savignii Duméril & Bibron, 1837.
Figure 10 in Opening a box of cryptic taxa - the first review of the North African desert lizards in the Trapelus mutabilis Merrem, 1820 complex (Squamata: Agamidae) with descriptions of new taxa
Figure 10. Live male of Trapelus boehmei sp. nov. of the ZFMK-type series from the type locality.
Figure 8 in Opening a box of cryptic taxa - the first review of the North African desert lizards in the Trapelus mutabilis Merrem, 1820 complex (Squamata: Agamidae) with descriptions of new taxa
Figure 8. Holotype (ZFMK 2590) of Trapelus schmitzi Wagner & Böhme, 2007.
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Figure 8 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 8 - NanoCT−SEM Plate 2. A–F Zospeum isselianum, neotype (CSR SASA 37013), Turjeva jama G–H Zospeum isselianum (SMNH 2216), Jama na Zgornjih Brsnikih I–L Zospeum sp. (CSR SASA 37698a), Konečka zijalka.
Figure 2 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 2 - Historical material: A Zospeum isselianum syntype (MZUT M3232): upper mountains of Natisone River valley B–F Zospeum isselianum topotype: Turjeva jama G–P Specimens labelled as "Zospeum alpestre" in the Bourguignat Collection (MHNG 7898/2) from "Cav[erne]. de Carniole".
Figure 17 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 17 - Light micrograph of a section of the reproductive tract of Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) (CSR SASA 21675). A Gonad (g) with acinus of the ovotestis including the germinal epithelial ring (ger) surrounding the acinar lumina (al), sustentacular cells (Sertoli cells) (sc) and oogonia (og) B Digestive gland (dg), hermaphroditic duct (hd) lined with cilia (c), posterior loop of the intestine (pi), receptaculum seminis (rs) containing allospermatozoa with spermatozoa oriented towards and apical ends touching the epithelial cells, and long motile cilia (ce) of intestine (i).
Figure 16 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 16 - Light micrograph of the histological appearance of the digestive tract of Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) (CSR SASA 21675). A−B Bilobed muscular gizzard (mg) with epithelium showing columnar cells (cc) with microvillous apical surfaces (mv), posterior loop of the intestine (pi) with ciliated epithelium (ce) B Elaborate muscular plates (mp), thick cuticle (cu), highly ciliated rectum (r), gastric pouch (gp), digestive gland (dg) and hermaphroditic duct.
Figure 14 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 14 - Images of the radula of Zospeum isselianum (Turjeva jama) (CSR SASA 37013 conspecific) and Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) (CSR SASA 21675). A−D SEM of the radular ribbon of topotypic Zospeum isselianum A Radular ribbon showing adhesive layer of contact zone with odontophore B SEM overview showing rachidian teeth (r) and lateral teeth (l) C Rows of lateral teeth bearing fine medial groove D Marginal teeth E Light micrograph showing the histological appearance of the radular sheath of Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) showing the inferior epithelium (ie) attached to the radular membrane (rm) mineralizing cells (mc) with degenerating nuclei and radular teeth (rt).
Figure 4 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 4 - Overview of morphological assignments, molecular species delimitation results and integrative taxonomic treatment of each of the four clusters, which are indicated by the longitudinal black bars for either the ABDG or the SP approach. Numbers indicate individual specimens; ABGD = Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery; SP = Statistical Parsimony.
Figure 13 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 13 - A Light micrograph showing the histological appearance of Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) (CSR SASA 21675) with the mantel cavity (mc), mucus glands (mg), oesophagus (oe) bearing thick cuticular sheath (cs) and leading into the crop (c), the buccal ganglia (bg), and the cephalopodial portion of the reproductive system including penis (p) and vas deferens (vd) B Paired cerebral ganglia united by the cerebral commissure situated just dorsal to the origin of the oesophagus in the buccal mass.
Figure 12 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 12 - Light micrograph showing histological overview of the digestive system of Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) (CSR SASA 21675). A Mouth and buccal apparatus. Mouth slit between oral lappets (m), crescent-shaped jaw (j), radula (r), pharynx (ph), digestive gland (dg), intestine (i), kidney (k), columellar muscle (cm), and pedal ganglia (peg) B Mantle gland (mag), sigmoid intestine (si), radular sac (rs), cerebral ganglion (cg), mucus glands (mg), kidney (k), heart showing auricle and ventricle (h), digestive gland (dg), columellar muscle (cm), oesophagus (oe) and salivary glands (sg).
Figure 7 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 7 - Kimura−2-parameter (K2P) genetic distance table in %. Delineated species are marked with boxes. For each individual specimen, its morphospecies designation and genetic distance data to all remaining specimens are given.
Figure 11 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 11 - Type and shell images Plate 5: A–E Zospeum kupitzense holotype: (SMF 256354) F–H Zospeum kupitzense (SMNH 3291), Ložekarjeva zijalka I–M Zospeum amoenum (RS59), Potočka zijalka.
Figure 10 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 10 - NanoCT−SEM Plate 4. A–F Zospeum kupitzense (RS3291), Ložekarjeva zijalka G. Zospeum alpestre (SMNH 2216), Kamniška jama H, I−L Zospeum isselianum Ihanščica cave J−K Zospeum amoenum (RS59), Potočka zijalka.
Figure 1 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 1 - Zospeum isselianum potential distribution collated from the literature and museum collections (I. Sajko, CSR SASA).
Figure 15 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 15 - Light micrograph showing histological appearance of the radular complex of Zospeum sp. (Konečka zijalka) (CSR SASA 21675). A Odontoblasts (odb) grouped in lower posterior section of radular sheath, radular teeth (rt), odontophore (od), and collostyle (col) B Section through an acinus of the ovotestis showing some stages of development of sustentacular cells (Sertoli cells) (sc) with spermatogonia (spg), spermatids (sp) and oogonia (og).
Figure 3 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 3 - Geographical position and river drainage systems of the Julian Alps and the Kamnik Savinja Alps range. Sampling sites: 1 Turjeva jama 2 Ložekarjeva jama 3 Konečka zijalka 4 Potočka zijalka 5 Jama na Zgornjih Brsnikih 6 Tomažičeva zijalka 7 Kamniška jama 8 Ihanščica cave. Digital terrain model from Jarvis et al., 2008. River network data courtesy of Public Information of Slovenia, the Surveying and Mapping Authority of the Republic of Slovenia, DPK1000V (2008).
Figure 9 from: Jochum A, Slapnik R, Klussmann-Kolb A, Páll-Gergely B, Kampschulte M, Martels G, Vrabec M, Nesselhauf C, Weigand AM (2015) Groping through the black box of variability: An integrative taxonomic and nomenclatural re-evaluation of Zospeum isselianum Pollonera, 1887 and allied species using new imaging technology (Nano-CT, SEM), conchological, histological and molecular data (Ellobioidea, Carychiidae). Subterranean Biology 16: 123-165. https://doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.16.5758
Figure 9 - SEM Microstructures Plate 3. A−F Zospeum isselianum (CSR SASA 37013 conspecific), Turjeva jama G−H Zospeum sp. (CSR SASA 21675), Konečka zijalka I−L Zospeum kupitzense (SMNH 3291), Ložekarjeva jama M−O Zospeum amoenum (RS103), Ihanščica cave.
Current nest box designs may not be optimal for the larger forest dormice; pre-hibernation increase in body mass might lead to sampling bias in ecological data
<p>Biologists commonly use nest boxes to study small arboreal mammals, including forest dormouse (Dryomys nitedula). Hibernating dormouse species often experience pronounced seasonal variations in body mass, which might lead to sampling biases if it is not taken into account when designing nest boxes. In our study of forest dormouse, we noticed that the entrance hole of nest boxes had been gnawed on. We hypothesized that this behavior was exhibited by individual dormice who had higher body mass and, therefore, were unable to pass through the entrance holes. To test our hypothesis, we categorized individual dormice present inside nest boxes based on their body mass; then compared the seasonal body mass dynamics with the timing of the gnawing behavior. We also compared nest box occupancy by forest dormouse before and after the gnawing behavior. Interestingly, we found that the gnawing behavior was displayed exclusively when part of the dormouse population increased considerably in body mass, which supports our hypothesis. Additionally, nest box occupancy decreased significantly from 20% before to 4.6% after the gnawing behavior. We suggest that researchers use nest boxes with entrance holes larger than 4 cm in future studies of forest dormouse to prevent the possible exclusion of the conspecifics that have higher body mass before hibernation. This type of sampling bias can probably happen in studies of other species, such as fat dormouse, that similarly show pronounced seasonal variations in body mass. We recommend that biologists consider the seasonal body mass dynamics of the target species when designing nest boxes to minimize bias in ecological data and improve management actions.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.