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4,563 results for “correlations”
Data from: Homeostatic control of deep sleep and molecular correlates of sleep pressure in Drosophila
<p class="MsoNormal">Homeostatic control of sleep is typically addressed through mechanical stimulation-induced forced wakefulness and the measurement of subsequent increases in sleep. A major confound attends this approach: biological responses to deprivation may reflect a direct response to the mechanical insult rather than to the loss of sleep. Similar confounds accompany all forms of sleep deprivation and represent a major challenge to the field. Here we describe a new paradigm for sleep deprivation in <em>Drosophila</em> that fully accounts for sleep-independent effects. Our results reveal that deep sleep states are the primary target of homeostatic control and establish the presence of multi-cycle sleep rebound following deprivation. Furthermore, we establish that specific deprivation of deep sleep state results in state-specific homeostatic rebound. Finally, by accounting for the molecular effects of mechanical stimulation during deprivation experiments, we show that serotonin levels track sleep pressure in the fly's central brain. Our results illustrate the critical need to control for sleep-independent effects of deprivation when examining the molecular correlates of sleep pressure and call for a critical reassessment of work that has not accounted for such non-specific effects.</p>
Simulation of the effects of correlated and uncorreltaed sampling jitter on a sinusoidal signals
<p># Simulation of Sampling Time Deviations on a Sine Signal</p><p>All the videos show a simulation of the influence of correlated or uncorrelated sampling time deviations on a sine signal.</p><p>Within the video, the signal frequency is swept in 1 Hz steps.</p><p>## 1. Top Image</p><p>The top image shows an overlap of all the periods of the sine signal in the 1-second simulation duration.</p><p>- **Blue dashed line:** Nominal signal.</p><p>- **Dots:** Values of the data sampled with the time deviation, but on the nominal time points (without time deviation).</p><p>- **Time color coding:** Rainbow color-coded: blue first → green → red last.</p><p>- **Orange line:** Sine Approximation/FFT result for the simulation frequency.</p><p> </p><p>## 2. Second Plot</p><p>This plot shows the sampling time deviation of this sample point in fractions of a sample interval.</p><p>- **Time color coding:** Rainbow color-coded: blue first → green → red last.</p><p> </p><p>## 3. Third Plot</p><p>Shows the residue of the sampled data to the nominal signal (orange) or the approximated signal (blue).</p><p> </p><p>## 4. Fourth Plot</p><p>Shows the Amplitude and Phase of the Sine approximation, as well as the RMS of the complete signal.</p><p> </p><p>## 5. Last Plot</p><p>Shows the FFT of the signal assuming equidistant sampling. For the uncorrelated jitter simulation, the 1 and 2 sigma confidence intervals for 1000 simulations are shown as well.</p><p> </p>
Correlates of homing performance in Oophaga histrionica
<p><span>Homing is the ability to return to previously visited sites, often to the home range. Most studies have focused on the mechanisms used to home, but few have addressed the cost-benefit analysis of homing behavior, e.g., by testing for associations between homing performance and ecological factors. We aimed to study homing ability in males of the poison frog, <em>Oophaga</em> <em>histrionica</em>, by testing the general hypothesis that homing performance depends upon potential indicators of territory quality or the risk of losing it. First, we tested whether return time was related to displacement distance, body size, number of courtships during the previous month, or distance to nearest neighbors. All males homed and males that were displaced 10 meters (m) from their territories returned significantly faster than males displaced 25 or 40 m. Yet none of the ecological variables affected homing ability. In a second experiment, we tested whether males' homing performance was affected by adding or removing acoustic cues, simulating changes in the number, identity, and spatial distribution of neighbors. Most displaced males homed within six hours, and males exposed to additional loudspeakers (i.e., neighbors) within their territories homed more accurately than other males. Our results indicate that the homing performance of males is affected by the perceived risk of being displaced from their territories.</span></p>
Correlation between rock brittleness and fracturing
<p>Birttleness and fracturing behavior are two fundamental properties of rock. Here the brittleness of three marbles were determined by the data of various tests. The fracturing behavior of three marble were analysed in microscale under the mode I fracturing test. </p>
Data for "Characterizing quantum gases in time-controlled disorder realizations using cross-correlations of density distributions"
<p>Here, data sets belonging to the preprint "Characterizing quantum gases in time-controlled disorder realizations using cross-correlations of density distributions" are uploaded.</p> <p>The file contains a folder for each figure in the manuscript.</p>
The neural correlates of embodied L2 learning. Does embodied L2 verb learning affect representation and retention?
<p>We investigated how naturalistic actions in a highly immersive, multimodal, interactive 3D virtual reality (VR) environment may enhance word encoding by recording EEG in a pre/post-test learning paradigm. While behavior data has shown that coupling word encoding with gestures congruent with word meaning enhances learning, the neural underpinnings of this effect have yet to be elucidated. We coupled EEG recording with VR to examine whether "embodied learning" improves learning and creates linguistic representations that produce greater motor resonance. Participants learned action verbs in an L2 in two different conditions: Specific action (observing and performing congruent actions on virtual objects) and Pointing (observing actions and pointing to virtual objects). Pre and post-training participants performed a Match-mismatch task as we measured EEG (variation in the N400 response as a function of match between observed actions and auditory verbs) and a Passive listening task while we measured motor activation (mu (8-13 Hz) and beta band (13-30Hz) desynchronization during auditory verb processing) during verb processing. Contrary to our expectations, post-training results revealed neither semantic nor motor effects in either group when considered independently of learning success. Behavioral results showed both groups learned the verbs, but also a great deal of variability in learning success. When considering performance, Low performance learners showed no semantic effect and High performance learners exhibited an N400 effect for Mismatch vs Match trails post-training, independent of the type of learning. Taken as a whole, our results suggest that embodied processes can play an important role in L2 learning.</p>
Dataset to 'Altered correlation of concurrently recorded EEG-fMRI connectomes in temporal lobe epilepsy '
<p>Dataset to 'Altered correlation of concurrently recorded EEG-fMRI connectomes in temporal lobe epilepsy '</p> <div> <div>For the linked publication see: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1162/netn_a_00362" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://doi.org/10.1162/netn_a_00362</a></div> <div> </div> </div> <p><em>eeg-fmri_$dataset$_$group$_connectomes_desikan_scrubbed.mat</em><br>datasets with filename truncTo5min hold static connectivities based on timeseries truncated<br>to 5min. All other datasets are based on static connectivities derived from the total session<br>timeseries.</p> <p><br>subj: subject<br>subj.name: name of the subject<br>subj.sess: session<br>subj.sess.sess_name: name of the session<br>subj.sess.fMRI: vector of upper triangular of fMRI connectivity<br>subj.sess.EEG: EEG connectomes<br>subj.sess.EEG.name: name of connectivity measure used (corrected imaginary part of the coherency: iCoh)<br>subj.sess.EEG.bands: EEG frequency bands<br>subj.sess.EEG.bands.name: name of frequency band (delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma)<br>subj.sess.EEG.bands.name.conn: vector of upper triangular of EEG connectivity<br>subj.atlas: Atlas<br>subj.atlas.name: name of atlas used (Desikan)<br>subj.atlas.regions: number of regions</p> <p><em>$dataset$_$group$_</em>particpants.tsv: Subject metadata</p> <p><em>$dataset$_$group$_spikes.mat: Interictal epileptoform discharges (IEDs) marked for each session of TLE patients</em></p> <p><em>aparc_aseg_yeoR7_68reg_eeg_nosubc_cmfg2dan.mat: mapping of Desikan regions to Yeo7-networks (Yeo et al. 2011, JNP)</em></p> <p><em>desi_coord_68.txt: MNI coordinates of region centers of the Desikan atlas<br></em></p> <p><em>For the related code to this dataset please clone: </em>https://github.com/jwirsich/eeg-fmri-tle or use the code provided in 'eeg-fmri-tle-code.zip'</p>
Data from: revisiting niche divergence hypothesis in dimorphic birds: is diet overlap correlated with sexual size dimorphism?
<p>The evolution of sexual size dimorphism (SSD) is a long-standing topic in evolutionary biology, but there is little agreement on the extent to which SSD is driven by the different selective forces. While sexual selection and fecundity selection have traditionally been proposed as the two leading hypotheses, SSD may also result from natural selection through mechanisms such as sexual niche divergence, which might have reduced resource competition between sexes. Here, we revisited the niche divergence hypothesis by testing the relationship between the sexual overlap in diet and SSD of 56 bird species using phylogenetic comparative analyses. We then assessed how SSD variation relates to the three main hypotheses: sexual selection, fecundity selection, and sexual niche divergence using phylogenetic generalized least squares (PGLS). Then, we compared sexual selection, fecundity selection, and niche divergence selection as SSD drivers through phylogenetic confirmatory path analyses to disentangle the possible causal evolutionary relationships between SSD and the three hypotheses. Phylogenetic generalized least squares showed that SSD was negatively correlated with diet overlap, i. e., the greater the difference in body size between males and females, the less diet overlap. As predicted by sexual selection theory, the difference in body size between sexes was higher in polygynous species. Confirmatory phylogenetic path analyses suggested that the most likely evolutionary path might include mating system as a main driver in SSD and niche divergence as a result of SSD. We found no evidence of a role of fecundity selection in the evolution of female-biased SSD. Our study provides evidence that sexual selection has likely been the main cause of SSD and that dietary divergence is likely an indirect effect of SSD.</p>
Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) dynamic response and dark count vs temperature correlation
<p>Project FleX-RAY employed photon counting capable sensors in order to capture light that was generated by the scintillation phenomenon, in plastic scintillating fibres. These special photodiodes are called Silicon Photomultipliers, or SiPMs. In order to determine the suitability and performance of different SiPM models available in the market, we carried out a series of tests to : </p> <ol> <li>Evaluate the correlation of dark count rate against temperature and</li> <li>Compare the amplitude response of the actual devices when excited by a 50 picosecond light pulse.</li> </ol> <ul> <li>The data of series 1 are tabulated in the spreadsheet titled "darkCountVsTemp.xlsx".</li> <li>The data of series 2 are arranged in separate "zip" archives, each titled by the device model under test. These zip archives are within a master zip file titled "SiPM_laser_pulse_response.zip".</li> </ul> <p>Test equipment and set-up:</p> <p>Devices under test: Hamamatsu models S13360-1375, S13360-3075 and ON-Semi models microFC-10020, microFC-10035 </p> <p>Measurement device(s)/board(s): To excite SiPMs, we used picosecond pulse laser type PLDD-100k-OEM from Alphalas. To record raw pulse output of SiPMs we used oscilloscope Tektronix DPO7104. To record the darkcount rate of SiPMs we used oscillsocope Keysight DSOX1204G. A custom, 3D-printed light-tight box was used to shield the SiPMs from ambient light.</p> <p> </p> <p>This work was financed by the European Union's Horizon 2020 program under grant agreement No. 899634.</p>
Data for: Preening correlates with lower feather bacteria abundance but not feather coloration in a lek-breeding bird
<p>Feathers are structures unique to birds that serve important functions such as flight, thermoregulation, and communication. Bacteria that live on the feathers, particularly ones that can break down keratin, have the potential to damage feathers and disrupt their use in communication. We predicted that birds could behaviorally manage their feather bacterial abundances by preening their feathers. We also predicted that individuals with lower feather bacterial abundances would have brighter and more colorful feathers. To test these predictions, we measured the amount of time individuals in a colony of captive Indian peafowl (<em>Pavo cristatus</em>) spent preening their feathers. We also collected feathers to determine bacteria abundance on the feather surface and to measure feather coloration. We found that birds had lower feather bacteria levels when they spent more time preening their own feathers, but only in female birds. We also found that bacteria abundances were not correlated with any feather color variables we measured. These results suggest that birds can manage feather bacterial abundances by preening but feather bacteria may not influence feather coloration in this species.</p>
Data for the manuscript "Correlation between two distant quasiparticles in separate superconducting islands mediated by a single spin"
<p>Data for the manuscript "Correlation between two distant quasiparticles in separate superconducting islands mediated by a single spin", https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2203.00104</p> <p>The archive contains the experimental data and the results of numerical calculations as well as plotting scripts/notebooks for the figures presented in the manuscript.</p>
Life history correlations and trade-offs resulting from selection for dispersal in Tribolium castaneum
<p>Dispersal is an important facet of the life history of many organisms and is therefore subject to selective pressure, but does not evolve in isolation. Across nature, there are examples of dispersal syndromes, life history strategies in which suites of traits coevolve, and covary with dispersal in combinations that serve to maximise fitness in a given ecological context. The red rust flour beetle, <em>Tribolium castaneum</em>, is a model organism and globally significant post-harvest pest that relies on dispersal to reach new patches of ephemeral habitat. Dispersal behaviour in <em>Tribolium</em> has a strong genetic basis. However, a robust understanding of the relationship between dispersal and other life-history components, which could elucidate evolutionary processes and allow pest managers to control their spread and reduce the impact of infestation, is currently lacking. Here we use highly replicated lines of <em>T. castaneum </em>previously artificially selected for divergent small-scale dispersal propensity, to robustly test several important life history components: reproductive strategy, development time, and longevity. As predicted, we find that a suite of important changes as a result of our selection on dispersal; high dispersal propensity is associated with a lower number of longer mating attempts by males, lower investment in early-life reproduction by females, slower development of later-laid offspring and longer female lifespan. These findings indicate that correlated intraspecific variation in dispersal and related traits may represent alternative life history strategies in <em>T. castaneum</em>. We therefore suggest that pest management efforts to mitigate the species' agro-economic impact should consider the eco-evolutionary dynamics within multiple life histories. The benefits of doing so could be felt both through improved targeting of efforts to reduce spread, and also in forecasting how the selection pressures applied through pest management are likely to affect pest evolution.</p>
A comprehensive phylogeny of Pieridae butterflies reveals a strong correlation between diversification and temperature
<p><span>Temperature is thought to be a key factor influencing global species richness patterns. We investigate the link between temperature and diversification in the butterfly Family Pieridae by combining next-generation sequences and published molecular data with fine-grained distribution data. We sampled nearly 600 pierid species to build the most comprehensive molecular phylogeny of the Family and curated a distribution dataset of more than 800,000 occurrences. We found strong evidence that species in environments with more stable daily temperatures or cooler maximum temperatures in the warm seasons have higher speciation rates. Furthermore, speciation and extinction rates decreased in tandem with global temperatures through geological time, resulting in a constant net diversification.</span></p>
PICASO Correlated-K's for On-the-Fly Disequilibrium Climate Calculations
<p>The code that creates these correlated-K files is located <a href="https://github.com/natashabatalha/picaso/blob/4d907355da9e1dcca36cd053a93ef6112ce08807/picaso/opacity_factory.py#L1491">here in PICASO</a>. In short we use the double-gauss correlated-k method to compute these. The structure of the python file can be seen in the code provided. </p> <p>The code snippet provided for reproducibility relies on our full database of high resolution line-by-line opacities. Lack of access will hinder a user to fully reproduce these files. Our full database of high resolution opacities are in the process of being made downloadable via science.data.nasa.gov/opacities . Stay tuned! </p> <p>Once downloaded, they should be placed in `$picaso_refdata/climate_INPUTS_661` in accordance with <a href="https://natashabatalha.github.io/picaso/notebooks/climate/12c_BrownDwarf_DEQ.html">this tutorial</a>. </p> <p>For a full descritpion of what line data was used to compute these see <a href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2024arXiv240200756M/abstract">Mukherjee et al. 2024</a>. </p> <p> </p> <p><strong>We recommend downloading the all the files</strong></p>
The upper crustal deformation field of Greece inferred from GPS data and its correlation with earthquake occurrence
<p>These are Tables S1 and S2 which accompany the Article "The upper crustal deformation field of Greece inferred from GPS data and its correlation with earthquake occurrence" by Konstantinos Chousianitis, Sotirios Sboras, Vasiliki Mouslopoulou, Gerasimos Chouliaras, and Dionissios T. Hristopulos.</p>
Data from: Historical field records reveal habitat as an ecological correlate of locomotor phenotypic diversity in the radiation of Neotropical Geophagini fishes
<p>Phenotypic macroevolutionary studies provide insight into how ecological processes shape biodiversity. However, the complexity of phenotype-ecology relationships underscores the importance of also validating phenotype-based ecological inference with direct evidence of resource use. Unfortunately, macroevolutionary scale ecological studies are often hindered by the challenges of acquiring taxonomically and spatially representative ecological data for large and widely distributed clades. The South American cichlid fish tribe Geophagini represents a continentally distributed radiation whose early locomotor morphological divergence suggests habitat as one ecological correlate of diversification, but an association between locomotor traits and habitat preference has not been corroborated. Field notes accumulated over decades of collecting across South America provide first-hand environmental records that can be mined for habitat data in support of macroevolutionary ecological research. In this study, we applied a newly developed method to transform descriptive field note information into quantitative habitat data, and used it to assess habitat preference and its relationship to locomotor morphology in Geophagini. Field note-derived data shed light on geophagine habitat use patterns and reinforced habitat as an ecological correlate of locomotor morphological diversity. Our work emphasizes the rich data potential of museum collections, including often overlooked material such as field notes, for evolutionary and ecological research.</p>
Cross-context behavioral correlations and signals of aggression in females of a livebearing fish
<p>Behaviors may be adaptively correlated with each other and with other aspects of phenotype. We investigated behavior across foraging, mating, and risk contexts in females of the poeciliid fish, <em>Girardinus metallicus</em>. We quantified relationships between these behaviors and aggression signals, body size, and reproductive output. Behaviors describing aggression and boldness, some of which were repeatable, were correlated in females. Aggression was signaled by the darkening of a black spot on the extended dorsal fin or by fin flaring. Spot darkening occurred during intra- and intersexual interactions and was positively correlated with inter-female aggression and negatively correlated with time females spent following males, suggesting that it honestly indicates motivational state. In contrast, fin flaring was only directed at females and occurred more frequently in the foraging context. Larger females had fewer offspring and received fewer courtship displays, possibly because they were more aggressive to males. In contrast to studies of males, we found a negative relationship between rank order of boldness and aggression, consistent with either a tradeoff or with selection favoring the negative relationship. Our results highlight the importance of studying females in model systems to uncover novel patterns and potentially meaningful departures from what is typically seen in males.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Environmental correlates of adaptive diversification in postglacial freshwater fishes
FIGURE 2 Legend on next page.
Correlation Between Segmental Order Parameter and Entanglement Length in a Monodisperse Comb Polymer
<p>This Dataset comprises the raw data contained in the figures of our journal article in <em>Macromolecules </em><strong>2024</strong><em> </em>(<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.4c02015" target="_blank" rel="noopener">DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.4c02015</a>) and its Supporting Information (SI)<em>. </em>We provide a <a href="https://zenodo.org/api/records/13342840/draft/files/meltdyn-combs-DTD+SI_sub.pdf/content" target="_blank" rel="noopener">preprint</a> of the initially submitted article including the SI for reference to the figures and their captions, necessary to use the data. Note that Fig. S1 was added upon revision, so Fig. S2 of the published SI is Fig. S1 of the SI that is part of the preprint. Please also check the published article in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.macromol.4c02015" target="_blank" rel="noopener"><em>Macromolecules</em></a>. For copyright details and licensing we refer to the published article and the publisher. Here is the abstract of the article:</p> <blockquote> <p>The motion of a polymer chain within a hypothetical confining tube leads to arise a segmental order parameter. This parameter is assessed via multiple-quantum (MQ) NMR experiments. In both polymer networks and entangled melts, the order parameter is proportional to the inverse of the number of segments between two covalent crosslinks or physical entanglements. In entangled polymer networks, the entanglements have usually been considered as additional but temporary crosslinks and the contribution of the physical and chemical constraints are assumed additive. However, it was revealed by computer simulation results that this assumption is not valid for lowly crosslinked polymer networks; instead, the segmental order parameter was shown to scale with 1/√(<em>N_</em>e <em>N</em>_c ), <em>N</em>_c and <em>N</em>_e being the number of segments between crosslinks and entanglements, respectively [M. Lang and J.-U. Sommer, <em>Phys. Rev. Lett</em>. <strong>2010</strong>, <em>104</em>, 177801]. An experimental confirmation remains elusive due to challenges in distinguishing the contributions of entanglements and crosslinks, as well as the long averaging timescales involved. In this study, we assess this correlation by examining chain dynamics in a monodisperse polyisoprene comb, utilized as a model system. To model chain dynamics in this system, the dynamic dilution model, originally designed for predicting the rheological behavior of star and branched polymers, has been modified to facilitate its application in the analysis of MQ NMR signals. We also address some of its shortcomings.</p> </blockquote>
Online data of "Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly correlated states"
<h1>Online data of "Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly correlated states"</h1> <p>DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7</p> <h2>Authors</h2> <ul> <li>Franco De Palma</li> <li>Fabian Oppliger</li> <li>Wonjin Jang</li> <li>Stefano Bosco</li> <li>Marián Janík</li> <li>Stefano Calcaterra</li> <li>Georgios Katsaros</li> <li>Giovanni Isella</li> <li>Daniel Loss</li> <li>Pasquale Scarlino</li> </ul> <h2>Description</h2> <p>The data for all figures in the main text can be found in csv files in ASCII format in the corresponing folders. For Figures 4-6, the panels are numbered from top to bottom.</p>
ScienceDex guides
Understand access before you commit
These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.