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918 results for “oceanic islands”
Figure 11 in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 11. Ascandra oceanusvitae (holotype; UFRJPOR 8944). A, specimen in vivo. B, fixed specimen. C, hispid surface. D, tangential section of a tube.
Figure 5. Janusya indica A in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 5. Janusya indica A, specimen in vivo (UFRJPOR 8931), associated with Leucaltis nodusgordii (white sponge) and near Ute insulagemmae (pink sponge). B, several specimens in vivo (paratype; UFRJPOR 8932). C, fixed specimen (holotype; UFRJPOR 8945). D, fixed specimen (paratype; UFRJPOR 8932). Arrows point to specimens of J. indica gen. et sp. nov.
Figure 10 in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 10. Ascandra mascarenica (holotype; UFRJPOR 8936). A, lanceolated diactines. B, triactine. C, tetractines I. D, tetractines II.
Figure 8 in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 8. Soleneiscus intermedius (holotype; UFRJPOR 8933). A, diactines. B, triactines. C, tetractines I (arrows point to apical actines). D, tetractines II.
Figure 2 in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 2. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on C-LSU sequences of the subclass Calcinea. Midpoint-rooted tree. Species sequences generated in this work are in bold. Clades containing species found in this work are highlighted. Support values are shown at the nodes. Support values are shown at the nodes (bootstrap> 70%; posterior probability> 0.7).
Figure 9 in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 9. Ascandra mascarenica (holotype; UFRJPOR 8936). A, specimen in vivo, living among other sponges, bryozoans, and hydrozoans. B, fixed specimen. C, cross-section of a tube (arrows point to diactines). D, tangential section of the surface.
Figure 7 in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 7. Soleneiscus intermedius (holotype; UFRJPOR 8933). A, specimen in vivo living with a red Demospongiae, hydrozoans and ascidians. B, fixed specimen (external hispid surface of a tube in the inset). C, tangential section of a tube. D, lumen of a tube with the apical actine of tetractines. Arrow points to a diactine of the surface.
Figure 1 in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 1. Study area. Sampling localities in La Réunion, Indian Ocean. The black stars indicate the locations where calcareous sponges were found.
Figure 6. Janusya indica A in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 6. Janusya indica A, cross-section of the specimen UFRJPOR 8945. B, cross-section of the specimen UFRJPOR 8932 with an apical actine of a tetractine pointing towards the lumen of a tube. C, diactine. D, triactines. E, triactines with shorter unpaired actine. F, tetractines (arrowhead points to a trichoxea).
Figure 4 in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 4. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on C-LSU sequences of the subclass Calcaronea. Midpoint-rooted tree. Species sequences generated in this work are in bold. Clades containing species found in this work are highlighted. Coloured circles represent different chromotypes (yellow, pink or white) of Ute insulagemmae. Support values are shown at the nodes (Bootstrap> 70%; posterior probability> 0.7).
Figure 3 in Integrative taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Réunion Island, Indian Ocean
Figure 3. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on ITS sequences of the subclass Calcinea. Midpoint-rooted tree. Species sequences generated in this work are in bold. Clades containing species found in this work are highlighted. Support values are shown at the nodes (bootstrap> 70%; posterior probability> 0.7).
Data from: Community assembly and metaphylogeography of soil biodiversity: insights from haplotype-level community DNA metabarcoding within an oceanic island
<p>Most of our understanding of island diversity comes from the study of aboveground systems, while the patterns and processes of diversification and community assembly for belowground biotas remain poorly understood. Here we take advantage of a relatively young and dynamic oceanic island to advance our understanding of eco-evolutionary processes driving community assembly within soil mesofauna. Using whole organism community DNA (wocDNA) metabarcoding and the recently developed metaMATE pipeline, we have generated spatially explicit and reliable haplotype-level DNA sequence data for soil mesofauna assemblages sampled across the four main habitats within the island of Tenerife. Community ecological and metaphylogeographic analyses have been performed at multiple levels of genetic similarity, from haplotypes to species and supraspecific groupings. Broadly consistent patterns of local-scale species richness across different insular habitats have been found, whereas local insular richness is lower than in continental settings. Our results reveal an important role for niche conservatism as a driver of insular community assembly of soil mesofauna, with only limited evidence for habitat shifts promoting diversification. Furthermore, support is found for a fundamental role of habitat in the assembly of soil mesofauna, where habitat specialism is mainly due to colonisation and the establishment of preadapted species. Hierarchical patterns of distance decay at the community level and metaphylogeographical analyses support a pattern of geographic structuring over limited spatial scales, from the level of haplotypes through to species and lineages, as expected for taxa with strong dispersal limitations. Our results demonstrate the potential for wocDNA metabarcoding to advance our understanding of biodiversity.</p>
Evolutionary winners are ecological losers among oceanic island plants
<p>Aim: Adaptive radiation, in which successful lineages proliferate by exploiting untapped niche space, provides a popular but potentially misleading characterization of evolution on oceanic islands. Here we analyse the respective roles of members of in situ diversified vs. non-diversified lineages in shaping the main ecosystems of an archipelago to explore the relationship between evolutionary and ecological 'success'.</p> <p>Location: Canary Islands.</p> <p>Taxon: Vascular plants.</p> <p>Methods: We quantified the abundance/rarity of the native flora according to the geographical range (number of islands where present and geographical extent of the range), habitat breadth (climatic niche) and local abundance (cover) using species distribution data based on 500 × 500 m grid cells and 2000 vegetation inventories located<br> all over the archipelago.</p> <p>Results: Species of diversified lineages have significantly smaller geographic ranges, narrower climatic niches and lower local abundances than those of non-diversified lineages. Species rarity increased with the degree of diversification. The diversified Canarian flora is mainly comprised by shrubs. At both archipelagic and island level, the four core ecosystems (Euphorbia scrub, thermophilous woodlands, laurel forest and pine forest) were dominated by non-diversified lineages species, with diversified lineages species providing <25% cover. Species of diversified lineages, although constituting 54% of the archipelagic native flora, were only abundant in two rare ecosystems: high mountain scrub and rock communities.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Radiated species, endemic products of in situ speciation, are mostly rare in all three rarity axes and typically do not play an important role in structuring plant communities on the Canaries. The vegetation of the major ecosystem types is dominated by plants representing non-diversified lineages (species that derive from immigration and accumulation), while species of evolutionarily successful lineages.</p>
Distribution. Mediterranean, scattered in islands in Aegean and Ionian seas and coasts of Greece and W Turkey, NE Morocco, and NW Algeria; E Atlantic Ocean at Desertas Is (Madeira Is group) and Ras Nouadhibou (= Cabo Blanco/Cap Blanc Peninsula) on the border between Western Sahara and Mauritania; occasionally recorded in Canary Is, Mauritania (Banc d'Arguin), Tunisia (La Gallite), Libya (Cyrenaic coast), and the Adriatic coast in Croatia. in Phocidae
Distribution. Mediterranean, scattered in islands in Aegean and Ionian seas and coasts of Greece and W Turkey, NE Morocco, and NW Algeria; E Atlantic Ocean at Desertas Is (Madeira Is group) and Ras Nouadhibou (= Cabo Blanco/Cap Blanc Peninsula) on the border between Western Sahara and Mauritania; occasionally recorded in Canary Is, Mauritania (Banc d'Arguin), Tunisia (La Gallite), Libya (Cyrenaic coast), and the Adriatic coast in Croatia.
Distribution. Southern Ocean, breeding sites are scattered on subantarctic islands, Antarctic Peninsula, and the coast of S Argentina. in Phocidae
Distribution. Southern Ocean, breeding sites are scattered on subantarctic islands, Antarctic Peninsula, and the coast of S Argentina.
FIGURE 4 in The invasive land flatworm Obama nungara in La Réunion, a French island in the Indian Ocean, the first report of the species for Africa
FIGURE 4. Climatic suitability of Obama nungara in La Réunion. Names of communes and their limits (white lines) are indicated. The three localities where the specimens were found (Petite France, Plaine des Grègues and Gîte de la Bergerie) are indicated.
FIGURE 1 in The invasive land flatworm Obama nungara in La Réunion, a French island in the Indian Ocean, the first report of the species for Africa
FIGURE 1. Photo of a live specimen of Obama nungara, taken in Petite France in the commune of Saint Paul, La Réunion. Photo by Régis Bretzner, taken 10 June 2021. The specimen is brown on the back, with darker brown striae, a reddish tip, and with a cream stripe running a short distance from the head towards the tail, but which soon disappears into the general colour of the back.
FIGURE 2 in The invasive land flatworm Obama nungara in La Réunion, a French island in the Indian Ocean, the first report of the species for Africa
FIGURE 2. Photo of a live specimen of Obama nungara, taken in la Plaine des Grègues in the commune of Saint Joseph, La Réunion. Specimen collected 22 April 2021 by Renaud Hoarau, photograph taken by Nicolas Huet. The photo clearly shows the dark brown striae on the brownish coloured back, and the whitish under surface.
FIGURE 4 in On a few benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Kerguelen Islands (southern Indian Ocean), including the description of a new species
FIGURE 4. Campanularia sp.: A–B, hydrothecae; C, hydrothecal distal part showing cusps; D, distal part of pedicel, basal spherule and hydrothecal basal part. Sertularella contorta Kirchenpauer, 1884: E–F, hydrothecae; G, hydrotheca and basal part of branch; H, hydrotheca showing polyp and location of basal 'tentacles' (close-up showing tentacles). Scale bar: 200 µm (A, B, E–H), 100 µm (C, D).
FIGURE 1 in On a few benthic hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Kerguelen Islands (southern Indian Ocean), including the description of a new species
FIGURE 1. Candelabrum bitentaculatum sp. nov.: A, hydranth; B, basal and middle part of polyp; C, general view of polyp's gonophore-bearing middle part; D, blastostyles with gonophores; E, blastostyles; F, general view of a portion of polyp's distal part showing the location of putative male gonophore (arrow), with close-up showing that gonophore; G, general view of basal part of polyp; H, basal part of hydranth showing blastostyle-like structures (arrow pointing to one of them clearly showing the capitate and sucker tentacles), close-up showing sucker tentacles with perisarc plate. Scale bar: 10 mm (A, B), 5 mm (D).
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.