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FIGURE 15 in Review of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the northwestern Guiana Shield, Orinoco Andes, and adjacent basins with description of six new species

FIGURE 15. Live coloration of Ancistrus lithurgicus in dorsal and dorsolateral views, AUM 37941, 40.4 mm SL. Scale = 1 cm. Photo by M.H. Sabaj.

FIGURE 5 in Review of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the northwestern Guiana Shield, Orinoco Andes, and adjacent basins with description of six new species

FIGURE 5. Heads, dorsal view, of A. Ancistrus nudiceps AUM 35623, 140.2 mm SL and B. A. patronus, holotype, AUM 39876, 83.6 mm SL demonstrating differences in head shape and tentacle pattern. Ancistrus nudiceps has a longer, more spatulate snout with the point from the edge of medial snout plates to the end of the snout (turquoise line) much shorter than the distance from the edge of the medial snout plates to a line through the anterior margins of the orbits (yellow line, dashed line is the line that demarks the anterior borders of the orbits) while the two lengths are approximately equal in A. patronus. In addition, the anterior margin of the snout plates form a rough V in A. nudiceps and a U in A. patronus (solid white line). Scale = 1 cm. Photos by J.W. Armbruster.

FIGURE 8 in Review of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the northwestern Guiana Shield, Orinoco Andes, and adjacent basins with description of six new species

FIGURE 8. Ancistrus brevifilis in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views, MCNG 14304, 61.2 mm SL. Scale = 1 cm. Photos by J.W. Armbruster.

FIGURE 19 in Review of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the northwestern Guiana Shield, Orinoco Andes, and adjacent basins with description of six new species

FIGURE 19. Ancistrus patronus, holotype, in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views, AUM 39876, 83.6 mm SL. Scale = 1 cm. Photos by J.W. Armbruster.

FIGURE 6 in Review of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the northwestern Guiana Shield, Orinoco Andes, and adjacent basins with description of six new species

FIGURE 6. Holotype of Ancistrus amaris in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views, MCNG 41858, 103.4 mm SL. Scale = 1 cm. Photos by J.W. Armbruster.

FIGURE 27 in Review of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the northwestern Guiana Shield, Orinoco Andes, and adjacent basins with description of six new species

FIGURE 27. Some of the diversity present in Ancistrus triradiatus. A. Specimen from the lower Río Caroni showing a lateral body color similar to A. leucostictus and an abdomen with very slight spotting, AUM 36554, 86.2 mm SL. Photos by J.W. Armbruster. B. Specimen from southwestern Venezuela in dorsal view with short pectoral fins, AUM 22190, 80.1 mm SL.

FIGURE 9 in Review of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the northwestern Guiana Shield, Orinoco Andes, and adjacent basins with description of six new species

FIGURE 9. Holotype of Ancistrus kellerae in dorsal, lateral, and ventral views, CSBD F 1721, 69.9 mm SL. Scale = 1 cm. Photos by J.W. Armbruster.

FIGURE 2 in Review of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the northwestern Guiana Shield, Orinoco Andes, and adjacent basins with description of six new species

FIGURE 2. Relevant morphometrics of species of Ancistrus. A. Head length vs. SL for the wide jawed species, A. amaris (dots) and A. yutajae (circles). B. Principal Components Analysis for the flat species, A. leoni (gray dots), A. lithurgicus (black dots), and A. macropthalmus (triangles). PC2 was affected most strongly and positively by Dorsal-Pelvic Distance, Snout Length, and Thorax Length and most strongly and negatively by Head-Eye Length, Interorbital Width, and Head-Pectoral Length. PC3 was affected most strongly and positively by Premaxillary Tooth Cup Length, Internares Width, and Dorsal-Pelvic Distance, and most strongly and negatively by Pelvic-Dorsal Distance, Adipose Spine Length, and Adipose-Upper Caudal Distance. C. PCA of A. kellerae and A. nudiceps by drainage. PC2 was affected most strongly and positively by Eye Length, Dorsal-Anal Distance, and Dorsal Spine Length, and most strongly and negatively by Interorbital Width, Adipose-Spine Length, and Orbit Diameter. PC4 was affected most strongly and positively by Adipose-anal Distance, Dorsal-Pelvic Distance, and Dorsal-Anal Distance, and most strongly and negatively by Dentary Tooth Cup Length, Internares Width, and Premaxillary Tooth Cup Length. D. Number of Hypertrophied Cheek Odontodes by SL in species of the A. nudiceps group.

FIGURE 1 in Review of Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae) from the northwestern Guiana Shield, Orinoco Andes, and adjacent basins with description of six new species

FIGURE 1. Ancistrus nudiceps, lateral and anterior views, AUM 35623, 138.4 mm SL. Photos by M.H. Sabaj.

FIGURE 5 in Taxonomic revision of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group, with description of a new species from Guiana Shield (Serpentes: Xenodontinae)

FIGURE 5. Dorsal and lateral views of head; dorsal, ventral and lateral views of midbody; and ventral and lateral views of tail of Erythrolamprus zweifeli (AMNH 137302—A), E. dorsocorallinus (MZUSP 7362—B), and E. rochai (MPEG 25680 -C). Scale Bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic revision of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group, with description of a new species from Guiana Shield (Serpentes: Xenodontinae)

FIGURE 2. Dorsal and lateral views of head; dorsal, ventral and lateral views of midbody; and ventral and lateral views of tail of Erythrolamprus reginae (RMNH 13662—A), E. oligolepis (MPEG 25180—B), and E. macrosomus (FUNED 802—C). Scale Bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Taxonomic revision of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group, with description of a new species from Guiana Shield (Serpentes: Xenodontinae)

FIGURE 8. Geographic distribution of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group. White symbols for each species represents literature records; red symbols for each species represents the type localities of each species; the other symbols and colors refer to the specimens examined in first hand.

FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic revision of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group, with description of a new species from Guiana Shield (Serpentes: Xenodontinae)

FIGURE 4. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views of the topotype of Erythrolamprus macrosomus (MCP 13063; SVL= 557 mm—A), holotype of Leimadophis zweifeli (MBUCV 95; SVL= 447 mm—B), holotype of Liophis dorsocorallinus (ULABG 6691; SVL= 474 mm—C), and holotype of Liophis miliaris intermedius (ZFMK 34243a; SVL= 340 mm—D). Photos by M. Rivera (A), E. La Marca (B), and M. Franzen (D).

FIGURE 3 in Taxonomic revision of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group, with description of a new species from Guiana Shield (Serpentes: Xenodontinae)

FIGURE 3. Sulcate (left) and asulcate (right) views of the hemipenis of Erythrolamprus reginae (RMNH 42042—A), E. oligolepis (MPEG 23979—B), E. macrosomus (CEPB 2125—C), E. zweifeli (AMNH 137302—D), E. dorsocorallinus (UFAC 129—E), and E. rochai (MPEG 25681—F). Scale Bar = 5 mm.

FIGURE 7 in Taxonomic revision of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group, with description of a new species from Guiana Shield (Serpentes: Xenodontinae)

FIGURE 7. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of midbody; dorsal (C), ventral (D) and lateral (E) views of head; and lateral view of tail (F) of the holotype of Erythrolamprus rochai (MPEG 25680). Scale Bar = 10 mm.

FIGURE 6 in Taxonomic revision of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group, with description of a new species from Guiana Shield (Serpentes: Xenodontinae)

FIGURE 6. General aspect of individuals in life of Erythrolamprus reginae from Trésor reserve, French Guiana (A), E. oligolepis from Maués, Amazonas, Brazil (B); E. macrosomus from San Sebastian de La Selva, Misiones, Argentina (C); E. zweifeli from Parque Nacional Henri Pittier, Rancho Grande, Aragua, Venezuela (D); E. dorsocorallinus from Boca Pariamanu, Peru (E); and E. dorsocorallinus from Barinas, Venezuela (F). Photos by Trésor Foundation (A), P. Peloso (B), J. Chiavo (C), J. Mejías (D), S. de Jong (E), and D. Sandoval (F).

FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic revision of the Erythrolamprus reginae species group, with description of a new species from Guiana Shield (Serpentes: Xenodontinae)

FIGURE 1. Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views of the lectotype (NRM 44; SVL= 185 mm—A) and paralectotype of Coluber reginae (NRM 45; SVL= 165 mm—B), holotype of Coluber graphicus (BMNH 1946.1.5.73b; SVL= 340 mm—C), lectotype of Natrix semilineata (ZSM 1832-0-1; SVL= 375 mm—D); and holotype of Liophis oligolepis (BMNH 1946.1.4.66; SVL= 247 mm—E). Photos by B. Kajrup (B), P. Campbell (C, E), and M. Franzen (D).

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FIGURE 6 in A new species of Cetopsis from the Guiana Shield (Siluriformes: Cetopsidae: Cetopsinae)

FIGURE 6. Ventral view of the ethmoid region of skull and associated structures of Cetopsis aspis MZUSP 125262. LE: Lateral ethmoid; ME: mesethmoid; ORB: orbitosphenoid; PAR: parasphenoid; PMX: premaxilla; V: vomer. Scale bar = 1mm.

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FIGURE 7 in A new species of Cetopsis from the Guiana Shield (Siluriformes: Cetopsidae: Cetopsinae)

FIGURE 7. Ventral view of the weberian apparatus of Cetopsis aspis, MZUSP 125262. AVP: anterior ventral transverse process of a complex centrum; CC: complex centrum; OS: os suspensorium; PAP n: parapophysis of vertebra n; PVP: posterior ventral transverse process of a complex centrum; VC n: vertebral centrum n; WL: weberian lamina. Scale bar = 1 mm.