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Data for Aeolian Ripple Migration and Associated Creep Transport Rates
<p><strong>Overview:</strong></p> <p>The attached spreadsheet, "AeolianRippleMigration_ShermanEtAl2019.csv," summarizes the ripple migration and related data acquired from the wind tunnel and field experiment literature and from the field experiments at Jericoacoara, Ceará, Brazil (2008) and Oceano, California, USA (2015), associated with the article "Aeolian Ripple Migration and Associated Creep Transport Rates" by Douglas J. Sherman, Pei Zhang, Raleigh L. Martin, Jean T. Ellis, Jasper F. Kok, Eugene J. Farrell, and Bailiang Li.</p> <p><br> <strong>Notes for data sources:</strong></p> <p>"a" - indicates that the data from a particular study were included in our final analyses</p> <p>"b" - indicates an estimate of threshold shear velocity (calculated as per Lorenz et al., 2011) with A = 0.1</p> <p>"c" - the value for ripple height in this study is the average of about 200 measurements for ripples in equilibrium or near-equilibrium with the wind field</p> <p>"d" - the data from this study were digitized as depicted in terms of ust/ust_th and u_r/(gd)^0.5 (see "Key to variables" below)</p> <p>"e" - Shear velocity (ust) values are from Martin & Kok, 2017. Median grain diameter (d) and threshold shear velocity (ust_th) values are from Martin & Kok, 2018 (see Table 2: "Date interval")</p> <p><br> <strong>Key to variables [units]:</strong></p> <p>Source - literature origin of previous studies or field location of observations for this study</p> <p>Note - annotation for additional information about study (see above "Notes for data sources")</p> <p>StudyType - classified as "field" or "wind tunnel"</p> <p>Date - date of observation for observations at Jericoacoara and Oceano ("N/A" for other sites)</p> <p>StartTime - start time of observation window (local time) for observations at Jericoacoara and Oceano ("N/A" for other sites)</p> <p>EndTime - end time of observation window (local time) for observations at Jericoacoara and Oceano ( "N/A" for other sites)</p> <p>u_r [mm/s] - calculated ripple migration speed ( "N/A" for Zhu et al, 2011, see "u_r_alt" below)</p> <p>sigma_u_r [mm/s] - uncertainty in ripple migration speed. Calculated as fixed percentage for Jericoacoara and as standard error for Oceano. For literare-derived values, "N/A" indicates lack of uncertainty estimates. For Oceano, "N/A" indicates inability to calculate standard error for certain measurement intervals containing only a single observation.</p> <p>u_r_alt - dimensionless proxy values for ripple migration speed for Zhu et al, 2011 (marked as "N/A" for other sites) calculated as u_r/(gd)^1/2, where "g" is gravitational acceleration and "d" is median surface grain diameter </p> <p>ust [m/s] - shear velocity ( "N/A" for Zhu et al, 2011, see "ust_over_ust_th" below)</p> <p>d [mm] - median surface grain diameter ("N/A" if not reported for literature studies)</p> <p>ust_th [m/s] - threshold shear velocity ("N/A" for Zhu et al, 2011, see "ust_over_ust_th" below)</p> <p>ust_over_ust_th - dimensionless proxy values for shear velocity for Zhu et al, 2011 (marked as "N/A" for other sites) calculated as ust/ust_th</p> <p>length [m] - ripple wavelength ("N/A" if not reported or measured)</p> <p>height [mm] - ripple amplitude ("N/A" if not reported or measured)</p> <p>sigma_height [mm] - uncertainty in ripple amplitude. Calculated as fixed percentage for Jericoacoara and as standard error for Oceano. For literare-derived values, "N/A" indicates lack of uncertainty estimates. For Oceano, "N/A" indicates inability to calculate standard error for certain measurement intervals containing only a single observation.</p> <p><br> <strong>References:</strong></p> <p>Andreotti, B.; Claudin, P.; Pouliquen, O. Aeolian Sand Ripples : Experimental Study of Fully Developed States. 2006, 028001, 1-4.</p> <p>Borsy, Z. A homokfodrok. Fldrajzi rtesito 1973, 22, 109-115.</p> <p>Cheng, H.; Liu, C.; Zou, X.; Li, J.; He, J.; Liu, B.; Wu, Y.; Kang, L.; Fang, Y. Aeolian creeping mass of different grain sizes over sand beds of varying length. Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface 2015, 120, 1404-1417.</p> <p>Cornish, V. On the formation of sand-dunes. The Geographical Journal 1897, 9, 278-302.</p> <p>Kindle, E.M. Recent and fossil ripple-mark; Canada Department of Mines, Geological Survey: 1917; pp 9-29.</p> <p>Ling, Y.-q.; Qu, J.-j.; Li, C.-z. Study on sand ripple movement with close shoot method. Journal of Desert Research 2003, 23, 118-120.</p> <p>Lorenz, R.D. Observations of wind ripple migration on an Egyptian seif dune using an inexpensive digital timelapse camera. Aeolian Research 2011, 3, 229-234.</p> <p>Martin, R.L.; Kok, J.F. Aeolian saltation fieldwork 30-minute wind and saltation values (Dataset). Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291798: 2017.</p> <p>Martin, R.L., Kok, J.F. Distinct Thresholds for the Initiation and Cessation of Aeolian Saltation From Field Measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research - Earth Surface 2018, 123, 1546–1565. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JF004416</p> <p>Seppälä, M.; Lindé, K. Wind tunnel studies of ripple formation. Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography 1978, 60, 29-42.</p> <p>Sharp, R.P. Wind ripples. The Journal of Geology 1963, 71, 617-636.</p> <p>Stone, R.O.; Summers, H.J. Study of Subaqueous and Subaerial Sand Ripples; University of Southern California: Los Angeles, 1972.</p> <p>Zhu, W. Investigations on the formation and evolution of aeolian sand ripples. Lanzhou University, 2011.</p>
Development of a Self-Powered Structural Health Monitoring System for Transportation Infrastructure
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 17PTAM03. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"Roadways and bridges play an important role in the economic and social health of society by connecting commerce and people. Economic growth and population expansion pose considerable burden on the aging infrastructure (i.e., pavements and bridges). There is a pressing need to develop structural health monitoring (SHM) technologies capable of collecting infrastructure utilization data. Doing so inexpensively with self-powered systems will revolutionize infrastructure monitoring technology, and will improve decision making enabling roadway and bridge preservation. In this study, a self-powered battery-less structural health monitoring (SHM) system was developed. It is powered by a thermal energy harvester equipped with thermoelectric generators (TEGs) driven by temperature differentials between the top of asphalt pavements and their lower layers. An innovative 2-tier TEG harvester was designed to limit the downtime of the SHM system when the temperature differentials are insufficient to power a single unit. The 2-tier system requires a minimum of 2.1⁰C in temperature differential to generate the minimum of 40 mV needed to power the SHM system. The SHM system consists of a DC-DC booster to increase the voltage generated by the harvester, a buck controller to bring this voltage down to the 3.3 Volts required for powering the microcontroller, a microcontroller and a wireless transceiver for transmitting the data. Another transceiver carried on-board a pilot vehicle is needed to retrieve the data. Software was developed in this project to allow data communication between the two transceivers. The SHM system developed accepts analogue voltage input from any sensor that generates analogue voltage, (e.g., piezoelectric axle load sensors, strain gauges, temperature gauges and so on). A prototype of this SHM system was constructed and tested in the lab and it is ready for field implementation."</p>
Integrated Health Monitoring and Reinforcement of Transportation Structures with Optimized Low-Cost Multifunctional Braided Cables
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 17STTAM04. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"The objective of this research study is to design, fabricate, and characterize multifunctional high strength and self-sensing braided cables and structures using novel Fe-based shape memory alloys (SMAs). The system exploits unique properties of recently developed low-cost super-elastic FeMnAlNi SMAs, which enables excellent super-elastic properties, high strength, and self-sensing in structural health monitoring (SHM) systems. This novel material technology can be coupled with modeling efforts that allow for accurate prediction of both the materials and structural response during sensing. At the conclusion of the project, we have demonstrated that with careful design of processing parameters, it is possible to control the yield strength and superleastic properties of FeMnAlNi SMAs. We have fabricated, for the first time in the world, a large diameter wires and bars from these inexpensive iron based SMAs which are expected to help with scaling up the fabrication of these materials. In addition, we were able to develop a method for fabricating braided cables from the fabricated Fe-SMA wires and a lab scale experimental setup has been designed and built. Prototype design for the braiding weave was created and tested. Finally, an experimental setup has been designed and manufactured to measure changes in the magnetic response of the SMA braided cables under load in order to directly correlate the magnetic response with deflection and strain. Clearly, the successful fabrication of wires and braided cables of the inexpensive iron based SMAs with superelastic strains comparable to nickel-titanium SMAs and with favorable magnetic sensing capabilities have significant implications for transportation infrastructure as these materials can provide structural health monitoring capability while also mitigating large shape changes during natural disasters. Future work needs to focus on revealing the coupling between mechanical properties (in particular damage) and the changes in magnetic properties in order to provide guidance on how these materials can be utilized in structural health monitoring."</p>
Recruiting, Retaining, and Promoting for Careers at Transportation Agencies
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 17PPLSU07. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"State transportation agencies currently face complex challenges in recruiting and retaining the workforce necessary to function effectively. The situation exacerbates due to the number of employees from different generations that have to coexist with varying values, expectations, and principles. These agencies are primarily comprised of two generational groups: the baby-boomers, who are approaching retirement and occupy many managerial positions; and the millennials, who are demonstrating their interest in technology and demanding dynamism in their careers. This multiplicity of interest represents a challenge for human resources (HR) in addressing workforce issues and providing the necessary means to recruit and retain qualified employees within a transportation agency. Therefore, the purpose of the study is to examine the practices in recruiting, training, and retaining qualified employees at state departments of transportation (DOTs) primarily from Region 6 DOTs of Arkansas, Louisiana, New Mexico, Oklahoma, and Texas. A comprehensive literature review, including journal articles, books, and District 6 DOT documents, reports, and training manuals provided the basis to discuss current practices in recruitment and retention with Region 6 DOT human resources (HR) staff. A total of nine HR professionals were interviewed for this study. These interviews identified the most difficult to fill positions as engineers and engineer technicians. These positions also have high turnover rates within DOTs. The primary difficulty in retaining and recruiting staff in these positions was ascribed to the wage differences between the public and the private sector. The results of the HR interviews were used to compile a questionnaire that was distributed to current DOT District 6 employees. A total of 1,109 employee surveys were collected and reviewed to develop a recommended list of best practices for recruiting and retaining DOT employees. The list of best practices includes increased social media presence, quantification of overall benefit packages, implementation of flexible work schedules and telecommuting, clarification and restructuring of the promotions and incentives process, and increased communication and feedback between staff and management."</p>
Development of Environmentally-Friendly Stabilization Methods for Transportation Infrastructure Based on Geopolymers
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 17GTTAM02. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"Geopolymers (GPs) have received much attention as an eco-friendly and sustainable alternative to conventional chemical additives, since they can be processed at room temperatures from aqueous solutions by utilizing waste materials (e.g. fly ash) or abundant natural sources (e.g. clay). A collaborative research study is carried out by teams from Texas A&M University (TAMU) and University of Texas at Arlington (UTA) to investigate the effectiveness of GPs for stabilizing base and subgrade materials by considering the strength and shrink-swell characteristics. Two types of clay, obtained from the North Dallas area, were mixed with a potassium-based GP synthesized from metakaolin and silica fume, at a ratio of 8 wt% of dry geopolymer to dry soil, and cured for a period of 7 days. Moisture-density relationship tests conducted show that treated soils have a higher optimum moisture content and lower maximum dry density as compared to untreated soils. Treated soils exhibited significant reduction in shrinkage and swell properties as compared to untreated soils. Additionally, unconfined compression strength tests also show an increase in strength of treated soils."</p>
data set related to article A Nervous System-Specific Model of Creatine Transporter Deficiency Recapitulates the Cognitive Endophenotype of the Disease: a Longitudinal Study
<p>This record contains raw data related to article A Nervous System-Specific Model of Creatine Transporter Deficiency Recapitulates the Cognitive Endophenotype of the Disease: a Longitudinal Study</p>
Meridional and zonal eddy-induced heat and salt transport in the Bay of Bengal and their seasonal modulation
<p>CTD (conductivity-temperature-depth) and ADCP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler ) data in the Bay of Bengal.</p>
Dataset from: Transport and water age dynamics in soils: a comparative study of spatially-integrated and spatially-explicit models
<p>This dataset contains high-resolution vegetated lysimeter experimental dataset carried out in EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland in March-August 2016. The lysimeter is 100 cm long with a diameter of 120 cm. During this experiment, a simultaneous spike injection of five different solutes (2,5-DFBA, 2-TFMBA, 3,4-DFBA, 2,6-DFBA, 3-TFMBA) took place on the 3rd of March 2016 at 14:00 in an hour. The solutes' mass recovery at the bottom of lysimeter was observed for these solutes.</p> <p>This dataset contains three files which are described in the following:</p> <ul> <li>"hydrologic_data.dat" contains the hourly fluxes (precipitation, irrigation, evapotranspiration measured from load cells, and the water draining at the bottom of lysimeter ) in mm/hr between the 19th of Feb-the 1st of Sep 2016.</li> <li>"tracer_data.dat" contains the tracer concentration observed at the bottom of lysimeter in mg/L. These samples are collected at variable frequencies with an approximate average of 1.5 samples per day.</li> <li>"additional_data.dat" informs you on dry mass and soil volume in the lysimeter, vegetation type, and volume of injection per solute.</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Toward Non-Corrosion and Highly Sustainable Structural Members by Using Ultra-High-Performance Materials for Transportation Infrastructure
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 18STUTA01. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"This research focused on investigating a highly sustainable and efficient reinforced concrete structural member for future infrastructure by utilizing emerging high-performance materials. These materials include ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHP-FRC) and corrosion-resistant high-strength fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) bars. Four reduced scale UHP-FRC specimens were tested under large displacement reversals to prove the proposed new ductile-concrete strong-reinforcement (DCSR) design concept by fully utilizing these ultra-high-performance materials. Micro steel fibers were incorporated into three specimens and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers were blended into the fourth specimen. One specimen with ASTM A1035 MMFX high-strength steel rebars, one with high-strength glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) rebars, and two with high-strength basalt fiber reinforced plastic (BFRP) rebars were tested. The beams had a reinforcement ratio of 14% to 15%. The test results concluded that the beams could sustain very large cyclic drift ratios without major damage in the UHP-FRC material, which provided ample shear strength and confinement to the reinforcement throughout the testing. Even with the high amount of reinforcement, UHP-FRC’s superior ductility provided a very stable cyclic behavior up to some very large drift ratios. Because of the DCSR design, all specimens also exhibited a self-centering ability, which considerably reduces the residual displacement after being subjected to large displacement reversals. The test results also show that the high damage-resistance and self-centering characteristics of the proposed UHP-FRC flexural members can provide excellent resilience for building structures."</p>
Disaster Resilient and Self-Assessing Multifunctional Transportation Structures
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 18STTAM02. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"This research designs and characterizes multifunctional materials, in particular inexpensive shape memory alloys, for transportation structures that possess excellent mechanical properties and self-sensing capabilities for strengthening and health monitoring. The properties are the Fe-SMAs are sensitive to part size in that the grain size of the material, which can be grown to several inches, should exceed the smallest dimension of the part. In the current work, maximum part size of the large dimension Fe-SMA rods were determined through detailed microstructural investigations. Samples were subjected to abnormal grain growth heat treatments and found out that part size be increased up to 4.6 mm. Work to correlate computational and experimental work concerning the magnetic sensing of Fe-SMA transformation was conducted using via tensile loading of Fe-SMA wire. A model was developed to simulate a grain by grain transformation of a wire with large (4mm) grains along the wire, modeled as partitioned segments."</p>
Augmented Reality Enhancing the Inspections of Transportation Infrastructure: Research, Education, and Industry Implementation
<p>Corresponding data set for Tran-SET Project No. 18STUNM03. Abstract of the final report is stated below for reference:</p> <p>"Transportation infrastructure needs continuous monitoring that is conducted by field inspectors regularly in the field. Currently, infrastructure inspectors climb, measure, and photograph structures annually to inform repair needs and prioritize decisions. In order to promote and accelerate early learner's expertise in decision-making capabilities during infrastructure inspections, this research project developed various software applications using augmented reality (AR) as an inspection tool for bridges and bridge management, more specifically. By objectively quantifying infrastructure field inspections, inspectors can make more accurate field assessments and managers can make better-informed decisions. This project collaborated with stakeholders, national laboratories, DOT agencies such as NCHRP and NMDOT, and local owners like the City of Albuquerque, to inform the needs of AR for field inspections. The results of this study summarized the current limitations of visual inspections from the perspective of the various owners, as well as pilot developments of AR applications and their benchmarked accuracy in comparison with visual methods. The education and training aspect of this project included teaching and exposing AR to high school students, community college students, undergraduate students, and graduate students, as well as industry (bridge inspectors). This research project’s outcome includes a webinar free to access in the NCHRP national website on this topic. The conclusion of this research is that AR can be an effective tool and that industry is interested in specific programming of AR software that matches their bridge management needs."</p>
Model outputs for "Multi-grid algorithm for passive tracer transport in NEMO ocean circulation model"
<p>Model outputs used to write "Multi-grid algorithm for passive tracer transport in NEMO ocean circulation model" publication.</p>
Transportation Electrification Load Profiles by Balancing Authority and State-Level Electrification Rates in the Western United States for GODEEEP
<p>Time-series hourly electric charging load profiles for the transportation sector across Balancing Authorities (BAs) in the Western Electricity Coordinating Council (WECC) interconnect, annual fleet sizes by state and vehicle type, annual transportation sector energy usage by state and fuel, and annual transportation fuel usage by state. The data is provided for three different socioeconomic pathways and two different climate pathways, resulting in four total scenarios. The socioeconomic pathways--Net-Zero (<code>nz_climate</code>), Net-Zero allowing for Carbon Capture Sequestration (CCS) technology (<code>nz_ccs_climate</code>), and Net-Zero allowing for CCS with Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) policies (<code>nz_ira_ccs_climate</code>)--are described by <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642507">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10642507</a>. The climate pathways--Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 cooler (<code>rcp45cooler</code>) and RCP 8.5 hotter (<code>rcp85hotter</code>)--are described by <a href="https://doi.org/10.57931/1885756">https://doi.org/10.57931/1885756</a>. The climate influence is only considered for Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs).</p> <p>For additional details please consult the paper Acharya et al 2024, Impact of the Inflation Reduction Act and Carbon Capture on Transportation Electrification for a Net-Zero Western U.S. Grid, submitted, and the code repository <a href="https://github.com/GODEEEP/transportation_electrification">https://github.com/GODEEEP/transportation_electrification</a>.</p> <p>A brief summary of the files and directories in this data package is provided below. Text within chevrons implies a multiplicity of files, one for each actual value.</p> <ul> <li>nz_climate <ul> <li>rcp45cooler <ul> <li><balancing authority>_hourly_transportation_load_<socioeconomic pathway>_<climate scenario>_<year>.csv</li> </ul> </li> <li>rcp85hotter <ul> <li><balancing authority>_hourly_transportation_load_<socioeconomic pathway>_<climate scenario>_<year>.csv</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>nz_ccs_climate <ul> <li>rcp45cooler <ul> <li><balancing authority>_hourly_transportation_load_<socioeconomic pathway>_<climate scenario>_<year>.csv</li> </ul> </li> <li>rcp85hotter <ul> <li><balancing authority>_hourly_transportation_load_<socioeconomic pathway>_<climate scenario>_<year>.csv</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>nz_ira_ccs_climate <ul> <li>rcp45cooler <ul> <li><balancing authority>_hourly_transportation_load_<socioeconomic pathway>_<climate scenario>_<year>.csv</li> </ul> </li> <li>rcp85hotter <ul> <li><balancing authority>_hourly_transportation_load_<socioeconomic pathway>_<climate scenario>_<year>.csv</li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li>WECC_hourly_transportation_load_<socioeconomic pathway>_<climate scenario>_<year>.csv</li> <li>EV_electric_and_total_energy.csv</li> <li>LDV_fleet_size_all_fuel_types_state_wise.csv</li> <li>MDV_fleet_size_all_fuel_types_state_wise.csv</li> <li>HDV_fleet_size_all_fuel_types_state_wise.csv</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p><strong>Hourly transportation load:</strong></p> <ul> <li><code>time</code> - ISO 8601 timestamp representing the end of the hourly timestep; values are reported as the summation over the preceding hour</li> <li><code>balancing_authority</code> - Acronym of the balancing authority for this data point</li> <li><code>LDV_load_MWh</code> - Energy consumed by the charging of Light Duty Vehicles (LDVs) during the previous hour in Megawatt hours</li> <li><code>MDV_load_MWh</code> - Energy consumed by the charging of Medium Duty Vehicles (MDVs) during the previous hour in Megawatt hours</li> <li><code>HDV_load_MWh</code> - Energy consumed by the charging of Heavy Duty Vehicles (HDVs) during the previous hour in Megawatt hours</li> <li><code>passenger_rail_load_MWh</code> - Energy consumed by the charging of passenger rail vehicles during the previous hour in Megawatt hours</li> <li><code>freight_rail_load_MWh</code> - Energy consumed by the charging of freight rail vehicles during the previous hour in Megawatt hours</li> <li><code>aviation_load_MWh</code> - Energy consumed by the charging of aviation vehicles during the previous hour in Megawatt hours</li> <li><code>ship_load_MWh</code> - Energy consumed by the charging of ships during the previous hour in Megawatt hours</li> <li><code>transportation_load_MWh</code> - Total energy consumed by the charging of vehicles during the previous hour in Megawatt hours (summation of the other columns)</li> </ul> <p>The WECC files provide summations of all BAs for each scenario, with the same columns as above excepting <code>balancing_authority</code></p> <p><strong>State-wise fleet sizes by vehicle type:</strong></p> <ul> <li><code>scenario</code> - the socioeconomic pathway, one of <code>nz_climate</code>, <code>nz_ccs_climate</code>, or <code>nz_ira_ccs_climate</code></li> <li><code>state</code> - two letter abbreviation of the state within the Western U.S. Interconnection</li> <li><code>year</code> - 5 year increments from 2020 to 2050</li> <li><code>technology</code> - fuel type such as BEV (battery electric vehicle), FCEV (fuel cell electric vehicle), hybrid liquids and liquids (refined liquids)</li> <li><code>veh_type</code> - one of LDV, MDV, or HDV (Light, Medium, or Heavy Duty Vehicle)</li> <li><code>fleet_size</code> - the number of vehicles</li> </ul> <p>To calculate an electrification rate in terms of fleet size for a given scenario, state, year, and veh<em>type, we divide the fleet</em>size for BEV technology by the summation of fleet_size for all technologies.</p> <p><strong>State-wise electric and total energy for LDVs, MDVs, and HDVs:</strong></p> <ul> <li><code>state</code> - two letter abbreviation of the state within the Western U.S. Interconnection</li> <li><code>year</code> - 5 year increments from 2020 to 2050</li> <li><code>scenario</code> - the socioeconomic pathway, one of <code>nz_climate</code>, <code>nz_ccs_climate</code>, or <code>nz_ira_ccs_climate</code></li> <li><code>hdv_total</code> - energy in ExaJoules consumed by all HDVs irrespective of fuel type</li> <li><code>ldv_total</code> - energy in ExaJoules consumed by all LDVs irrespective of fuel type</li> <li><code>mdv_total</code> - energy in ExaJoules consumed by all MDVs irrespective of fuel type</li> <li><code>hdv_electric</code> - electric energy in ExaJoules consumed by HDVs</li> <li><code>ldv_electric</code> - electric energy in ExaJoules consumed by LDVs</li> <li><code>mdv_electric</code> - electric energy in ExaJoules consumed by MDVs</li> </ul> <p>To calculate the electrification rate in terms of EV energy for a given scenario, state, year, and veh_type, we divide electric energy by the total energy.</p> <p><strong>State-wise transportation fuel mix:</strong></p> <ul> <li><code>state</code> - two letter abbreviation of the state within the Western U.S. Interconnection</li> <li><code>year</code> - 5 year increments from 2020 to 2050</li> <li><code>scenario</code> - the socioeconomic pathway, one of <code>nz_climate</code>, <code>nz_ccs_climate</code>, or <code>nz_ira_ccs_climate</code></li> <li><code>hydrogen</code> - hydrogen energy in ExaJoules consumed by the transportation sector</li> <li><code>electricity</code> - electric energy in ExaJoules consumed by the transportation sector</li> <li><code>refined liquids</code> - refined liquid energy in ExaJoules consumed by the transportation sector</li> </ul> <p><br><br></p> <p><strong>Changelog:</strong></p> <ul> <li>v2.0.0 - new set of scenarios; fuel mix data added</li> </ul> <p> </p> <p>This research was supported by the Grid Operations, Decarbonization, Environmental and Energy Equity Platform (GODEEEP) Investment, under the Laboratory Directed Research and Development (LDRD) Program at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL).</p> <p>PNNL is a multi-program national laboratory operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) by Battelle Memorial Institute under Contract No. DE-AC05-76RL01830.</p>
Assessment of transport phenomena in catalyst effectiveness for chemical polyolefin recycling
<p>Dataset for the article titled Assessment of transport phenomena in catalyst effectiveness for chemical polyolefin recycling, published in Nature Chemical Engineering.</p>
Supporting material: Prospective life-cycle assessment of sustainable alternatives for road freight transport
<p><span>This study investigates decarbonization pathways for the road freight transport sector</span><span> </span><span>by evaluating three alternatives to conventional</span><span> </span><span>diesel trucks:</span><span> </span><span>trucks powered by biofuels, battery electric trucks, and fuel cell trucks with hydrogen</span><span>. A prospective life cycle assessment of these options is conducted under two policy scenarios for decarbonization across 12 distinct regions over the century. Employing a cradle-to-grave approach, the assessment covers activities from fuel and electricity production to the end-of-life of truck components. Findings reveal that, in eight of the 12 regions examined, an early transition to battery electric trucks could increase life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions by up to 70% by 2030 compared to the continued use of conventional diesel trucks, underscoring the significance of liquid fuels for short to medium-term decarbonization. However, in the long term, as electricity mixes and hydrogen production are decarbonized, battery electric trucks and hydrogen fuel cell trucks emerge as superior alternatives in all regions, emitting, at least, 29% less greenhouse gases than trucks powered by biofuels, and 45% less than diesel trucks.</span><span> </span><span>The optimal transition from conventional diesel trucks to trucks powered by biofuels and, subsequently, to battery electric trucks and/or hydrogen could avoid 134-204 Gt CO<sub>2-eq</sub> worldwide and prevent a temperature rise of 0.22-0.33°C compared to the diesel-based scenario. This emphasizes the crucial role of appropriate policies for the timely transformation of the road freight transport sector. </span></p>
Whole-Genome Resequencing identifies SNPs in Sucrose Synthase and Sugar Transporter Genes Associated with Sweetness in Coconut
<p><span>This vcf file constitute underlying raw data material for the manuscript</span> "<span>Whole-Genome Resequencing identifies SNPs in Sucrose Synthase and Sugar Transporter Genes Associated with Sweetness in Coconut"</span>. <span>The SNP genotype data came from a whole-genome resequencing and were called using an unpublished coconut reference genome. SNPs with a non-missing and minor allele frequency (MAF) less than 5% were removed. Finally, 19,149,289 SNPs were selected and used in the population study and gene mining.</span></p>
Slip Opacity and Fast Osmotic Transport of Hydrophobes at Aqueous Interfaces with Two-Dimensional Materials, part 4/4
<h2>Supplementary data for paper "Slip Opacity and Fast Osmotic Transport of Hydrophobes at Aqueous Interfaces with Two-Dimensional Materials" </h2> <p>Maria Bilichenko, Marcella Iannuzzi, and Gabriele Tocci, ACS Nano, 2024, DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05118</p> <h3>Contents</h3> <p>Trajectories of positions and forces with corresponding input files of systems with 550 water molecules on 2D materials:</p> <ul> <li>MoS2/water</li> <li>MoS2/MoS2/water</li> <li>graphene/MoS2/water</li> <li>MoS2/graphene/water</li> <li>MoS2/hBN/water</li> <li>hBN/MoS2/water</li> <li>graphene/water</li> <li>hBN/water</li> </ul>
Slip Opacity and Fast Osmotic Transport of Hydrophobes at Aqueous Interfaces with Two-Dimensional Materials, part 3/4
<h2>Supplementary data for paper "Slip Opacity and Fast Osmotic Transport of Hydrophobes at Aqueous Interfaces with Two-Dimensional Materials" </h2> <p>Maria Bilichenko, Marcella Iannuzzi, and Gabriele Tocci, ACS Nano, 2024, DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05118</p> <h3>Contents</h3> <p>Trajectories of positions and forces with corresponding input files of systems with 550 water molecules on 2D materials:</p> <ul> <li>graphene/graphene/water</li> <li>hBN/hBN/water</li> <li>graphene/hBN/water</li> <li>hBN/graphene/water</li> </ul>
Slip Opacity and Fast Osmotic Transport of Hydrophobes at Aqueous Interfaces with Two-Dimensional Materials, part 1/4
<h2>Supplementary data for paper "Slip Opacity and Fast Osmotic Transport of Hydrophobes at Aqueous Interfaces with Two-Dimensional Materials" </h2> <p>Maria Bilichenko, Marcella Iannuzzi, and Gabriele Tocci, ACS Nano, 2024, DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05118</p> <h3>Contents</h3> <p>Trajectories of positions and forces with corresponding input files of systems with 120 water molecules confined between 2D materials:</p> <ul> <li>graphene/water/graphene</li> <li>hBN/water/hBN</li> <li>graphene/graphene/water/graphene/graphene</li> <li>hBN/hBN/water/hBN/hBN</li> <li>graphene/hBN/water/hBN/graphene</li> <li>hBN/graphene/water/graphene/hBN</li> </ul> <p> </p>
Slip Opacity and Fast Osmotic Transport of Hydrophobes at Aqueous Interfaces with Two-Dimensional Materials, part 2/4
<h2>Supplementary data for paper "Slip Opacity and Fast Osmotic Transport of Hydrophobes at Aqueous Interfaces with Two-Dimensional Materials" </h2> <p>Maria Bilichenko, Marcella Iannuzzi, and Gabriele Tocci, ACS Nano, 2024, DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05118</p> <h3>Contents</h3> <p>Trajectories of positions and forces with corresponding input files of systems with 120 water molecules confined between 2D materials:</p> <ul> <li>MoS2/water/MoS2</li> <li>MoS2/MoS2/water/MoS2/MoS2</li> <li>graphene/MoS2/water/MoS2/graphene</li> <li>MoS2/graphene/water/graphene/MoS2</li> </ul>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.