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FIGURE 3 in An endemic species flock of Candonidae Kaufmann, 1900 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from wells in Benin (Africa), with the description of a new subfamily, a new genus and five new species

FIGURE 3. Benincandona martini gen. et spec. nov., valves (A, C, E–H, J ♂; B, D, I ♀). A–D, I. CpRl, (A, C. INV.159208; B, D, I. INV.159211). E. INV.159209. CpD. F. INV.159210. CpV. G. INV.159200. LVi. H. INV.159200. RVi. J. INV.159200. CMS. Scale bars. 1 (A, B, E, F, G, H) = 500 µm; 2 (C, D) = 200 µm; 3 (I, J) = 50 µm.

FIGURE 6 in An endemic species flock of Candonidae Kaufmann, 1900 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from wells in Benin (Africa), with the description of a new subfamily, a new genus and five new species

FIGURE 6. Benincandona martini gen. et spec. nov., limbs (♂). A. Mx1 (Chaetotaxy incomplete) (INV.159200). B. Mx1, respiratory plate (INV.159202). C. MdPalp (INV.159204– INV.159203). Scale bar. 1 (B), 2 (C), 3 (A) = 50 µm.

FIGURE 13 in An endemic species flock of Candonidae Kaufmann, 1900 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from wells in Benin (Africa), with the description of a new subfamily, a new genus and five new species

FIGURE 13. Benincandona ibikounlei gen. et spec. nov., limbs (♂). A. CR (INV.159219). B. CRAtt (INV.159219). C. T3 (INV.159219). D. T2 (INV.159217). Scale bar = 50 µm.

FIGURE 23 in An endemic species flock of Candonidae Kaufmann, 1900 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from wells in Benin (Africa), with the description of a new subfamily, a new genus and five new species

FIGURE 23. Benincandona sakitii gen. et spec. nov., limbs (A, B ♂ and C–E ♀). A. T1, Lpp (INV.159228). B. T1, Rpp (INV.159228). C. A2 (INV.159226, INV.159231). D. CR (INV.159232). E. T1 (INV.159226). Scale bar = 50 µm.

FIGURE 15 in An endemic species flock of Candonidae Kaufmann, 1900 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from wells in Benin (Africa), with the description of a new subfamily, a new genus and five new species

FIGURE 15. Benincandona ibikounlei gen. et spec. nov., limbs (A–B ♂ and C–E ♀). A. T1, Lpp (INV.159219). B. T1, Rpp (INV.159219). C. A2 (INV.159216). D. CR (INV.159216). E. T1 (INV.159221). Scale bar = 50 µm.

FIGURE 4 in An endemic species flock of Candonidae Kaufmann, 1900 (Crustacea, Ostracoda) from wells in Benin (Africa), with the description of a new subfamily, a new genus and five new species

FIGURE 4. Benincandona martini gen. et spec. nov., valves (A–D: INV.159202 ♂ and E–H. INV.159201 ♀) A, E. LVi. B, F. RVi, C, D, G, H. CMS. Scale bars. 1 (A, B, E, F) = 500 µm; 2 (C, D, G, H) = 50 µm.

FIG. 2 in Systematics of the Stripetail Darter, Etheostoma kennicotti (Putnam), and the Distinctiveness of the Upper Cumberland Endemic Etheostoma cumberlandicum Jordan and Swain

FIG. 2. Phylogenies of Etheostoma kennicotti sensu lato and Etheostoma cumberlandicum inferred from the mitochondrial cytb gene. (A) Bayesian inferred cytb gene tree. Bayesian posterior probabilities are indicated with filled circles. (B) Maximum clade credibility chronogram of Etheostoma kennicotti sensu lato and Etheostoma cumberlandicum. Bars indicate 95% posterior density of age estimates at nodes in the phylogeny.

FIG. 5 in Systematics of the Stripetail Darter, Etheostoma kennicotti (Putnam), and the Distinctiveness of the Upper Cumberland Endemic Etheostoma cumberlandicum Jordan and Swain

FIG. 5. Photographs of live specimens of Etheostoma cumberlandicum, E. cf. kennicotti Laurel River, and E. kennicotti. (A) Etheostoma cumberlandicum, YPM ICH 028205, 62 mm SL, male, Wolf Creek, Whitley Co., Kentucky, USA, 28 April 2015. (B) Etheostoma cumberlandicum, YPM ICH 028204, 46 mm SL, female, Little Wolf Creek, Whitley Co., Kentucky, USA, 25 March 2015. (C) Etheostoma cf. kennicotti, Laurel River species, YPM ICH 028202, 63 mm SL, male, Lick Fork, Laurel Co., Kentucky, USA, 14 May 2015. (D) Etheostoma kennicotti, UF 167303, 61 mm SL, Bay Creek, Pope Co., Illinois, USA, 18 April 2007.

FIG. 1 in Systematics of the Stripetail Darter, Etheostoma kennicotti (Putnam), and the Distinctiveness of the Upper Cumberland Endemic Etheostoma cumberlandicum Jordan and Swain

FIG. 1. Geographic distribution of Etheostoma kennicotti sensu lato and Etheostoma cumberlandicum and sampling locations of specimens used in molecular and morphological analyses. The populations in the Green River system, the Laurel River system, and the Tennessee River system (partitioned between lower and upper Tennessee River) are each considered undescribed species currently listed as E. kennicotti.

FIG. 4 in Systematics of the Stripetail Darter, Etheostoma kennicotti (Putnam), and the Distinctiveness of the Upper Cumberland Endemic Etheostoma cumberlandicum Jordan and Swain

FIG. 4. Morphological disparity in Etheostoma kennicotti sensu lato and Etheostoma cumberlandicum. (A) Plot of first and second principal component scores of meristic traits in Etheostoma kennicotti sensu lato and Etheostoma cumberlandicum. (B) Mahalanobis distances of PC scores for contrasts of species in the Etheostoma kennicotti complex. In each comparison, the red and blue lineages on the cytb phylogeny are contrasted. A lineage that is a dashed branch is not included in the contrast. The comparison between the upper (U.) Tennessee and lower (L.) Tennessee River is considered an intraspecific contrast.

FIG. 3. Population structure inferred from 25 in Systematics of the Stripetail Darter, Etheostoma kennicotti (Putnam), and the Distinctiveness of the Upper Cumberland Endemic Etheostoma cumberlandicum Jordan and Swain

FIG. 3. Population structure inferred from 25 microsatellite loci. (A) Hierarchical STRUCTURE analysis identifies 18 genetic clusters (K). Optimal K values for each round of hierarchical clustering are shown. (B) STRUCTURE results for K ¼ 6. Pie charts represent average ancestry coefficients for each sampling locality. The phylogeny is redrawn from Figure 2A.

Figure 6 in New insights into the evolution and biogeography of freshwater planarians on islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Basin, with the integrative description of a new endemic species from Corsica (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesia)

Figure 6. Dugesia xeropotamica. Photomicrographs of sagittal histological sections. A, paratype GAS Pla 29.1, showing the bursal canal with the ectal reinforcement. B, holotype RMNH.VER.21534.1, showing the extrabulbar penial glands and the penis bulb. Abbreviations: bc, bursal canal; cb, copulatory bursa; cm, circular muscle; e, epithelium; epg, extra bulbar penial glands; er, ectal reinforcement; lm, longitudinal muscle; pb, penis bulb.

Figure 5. Dugesia xeropotamica, holotype RMNH.VER.21534.1. A in New insights into the evolution and biogeography of freshwater planarians on islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Basin, with the integrative description of a new endemic species from Corsica (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesia)

Figure 5. Dugesia xeropotamica, holotype RMNH.VER.21534.1. A, sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus (anterior to the left). B, photomicrograph showing, in a sagittal histological section, the penis bulb with seminal vesicle, penis papilla with the pointed diaphragm, ejaculatory duct, and extrabulbar glands. Abbreviations: bc, bursal canal; cb, copulatory bursa; d, diaphragm; ed, ejaculatory duct; epg, extra bulbar penial glands; er, ectal reinforcement; g, gonopore; ga, genital atrium; lod, left oviduct; lvd, left vas deferens; pb, penis bulb; pp, penis papilla; rod, right oviduct; sg, shell glands; sv, seminal vesicle.

Figure 1. A in New insights into the evolution and biogeography of freshwater planarians on islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Basin, with the integrative description of a new endemic species from Corsica (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesia)

Figure 1. A, sampling sites and geographical distribution of several species of Dugesia on Corsica and Sardinia, including records detailed in the present paper. The rectangular inset marked with C on Sardinia corresponds to panel C. B–D, rectangular insets show: Montecristo Island, in the Tuscany Archipelago (B); confluence of the Bunnari and Mascari rivers, near Sassari, Sardinia (C); and islet of Molara, Sardinia (D).

Figure 4 in New insights into the evolution and biogeography of freshwater planarians on islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Basin, with the integrative description of a new endemic species from Corsica (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesia)

Figure 4. Dugesia xeropotamica. Photomicrograph of a preserved sexual specimen (anterior to the top) from Seccu River (Montegrosso, locality 20, Corsica). Abbreviations: ca, copulatory apparatus; ph, pharynx.

Figure 3. A in New insights into the evolution and biogeography of freshwater planarians on islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Basin, with the integrative description of a new endemic species from Corsica (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesia)

Figure 3. A, schematic representation summarizing the guided tree used for BPP analysis. Results based on multilocus data using two algorithms (A0 and A1), three datasets (I, II, and III), and four evolutionary models (prior combinations) are shown. B, Bayes factor delimitation results for the array of models tested (M1–M5), with different a priori species-delimitation hypotheses.

Figure 2. A, B in New insights into the evolution and biogeography of freshwater planarians on islands in the Tyrrhenian Sea, Western Mediterranean Basin, with the integrative description of a new endemic species from Corsica (Platyhelminthes: Tricladida: Dugesia)

Figure 2. A, B, simplified phylogenetic trees based on dataset III (concatenation of mitochondrial and nuclear data), depicting the conflicting phylogenetic position of Dugesia hoidi. C, detail of Bayesian phylogenetic tree based on dataset III, showing the phylogenetic positions of the unidentified specimens of Molara (C1) and Montecristo (C2). The complete phylogenetic trees inferred from all datasets are available in the Supporting Information (Fig. S1). D, unrooted phylogenetic tree based on dataset III, with valid nominal species and candidate species (PSC1) highlighted in various colours. Bootstrap support (bs), posterior probability (pp), ultrafast bootstrap (UFboot), and SH-aLRT test support values are colour-coded to indicate whether a node is unsupported (white), supported (grey), or fully supported (black).

FIGURE 11 in A new species of Dainty Frog (Anura: Pyxicephalidae: Cacosternum) and the first endemic anuran to the Cederberg region of South Africa

FIGURE 11. Habitat of C. cederbergense sp. nov. a–b) typical breeding habitat consisting of small rock pools with high walls and overhangs, c) a collection of pools at the Hollanders locality, only certain pools are used for breeding, d) a large boulder complex near Bushman's Cave Bergteater with several breeding pools on top, raised several meters above the ground and scalable only by climbing vertical faces.

FIGURE 10 in A new species of Dainty Frog (Anura: Pyxicephalidae: Cacosternum) and the first endemic anuran to the Cederberg region of South Africa

FIGURE 10. Diagram of a) the right hand of C. cederbergense sp. nov. holotype male (PEM A15391) in breeding condition, and b) the right hand of a paratype female (PEM A15288). Abbreviations: P = palmar tubercle, T = thenar tubercle, np = nuptial pad, sn = supernumerary tubercles, st = subarticular tubercle.

FIGURE 8 in A new species of Dainty Frog (Anura: Pyxicephalidae: Cacosternum) and the first endemic anuran to the Cederberg region of South Africa

FIGURE 8. Males in breeding condition: a) Cacosternum cederbergense sp. nov. (PEM A15293) from the northern Cederberg, b) C. capense from Hermon, Swartland District, c) C. namaquense from Kamieskroon, Namaqualand, and d) C. karooicum from Vrolijkheid Nature Reserve in the Breede River Valley. Only the C. cederbergense sp. nov. individual was collected as a voucher.