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Figure 2 in Description of six new species of Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae) endemic to the Canary Islands and the utility of DNA barcoding for their fast and accurate identification
Figure 2. ♂ Loxosceles mahan sp. nov. A, palp, prolateral view; B, palp, retrolateral view; C, bulb and embolus; D, cephalothorax, dorsal view; E, palp, dorsal view. Abbreviation: eb, embolus base. Scale bars: A, B, C, E = 0.5 mm; D = 1 mm.
Figure 1. A in Description of six new species of Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae) endemic to the Canary Islands and the utility of DNA barcoding for their fast and accurate identification
Figure 1. A, geographical position of the Canary Islands, indicated by the inset box. B, phylogenetic relationships amongst the Canary Islands endemic Loxosceles species; lineages with more than one individual are collapsed (see Planas and Ribera, 2014 for further information). C, sampling localities of the Canary Islands endemic Loxosceles; colours correspond to B.
Figure 7 in Description of six new species of Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae) endemic to the Canary Islands and the utility of DNA barcoding for their fast and accurate identification
Figure 7. ♀ Loxosceles bentejui sp. nov. vulva: A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, anterior view; D, posterior view. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Figure 10 in Description of six new species of Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae) endemic to the Canary Islands and the utility of DNA barcoding for their fast and accurate identification
Figure 10. ♂ Loxosceles guayota sp. nov. A, palp, prolateral view; B, palp, retrolateral view; C, bulb and embolus; D, palp, dorsal view; E, cephalothorax, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, B, C, E = 0.5 mm; D = 1 mm.
Figure 6 in Description of six new species of Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae) endemic to the Canary Islands and the utility of DNA barcoding for their fast and accurate identification
Figure 6. ♂ Loxosceles bentejui sp. nov. A, palp, prolateral view; B, palp, retrolateral view; C, bulb and embolus; D, cephalothorax, dorsal view; E, palp, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, B, C, E = 0.5 mm; D = 1 mm.
Figure 8 in Description of six new species of Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae) endemic to the Canary Islands and the utility of DNA barcoding for their fast and accurate identification
Figure 8. ♂ Loxosceles tibicena sp. nov. A, palp, prolateral view; B, palp, retrolateral view; C, bulb and embolus; D, cephalothorax, dorsal view; E, palp, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, B, C, E = 0.5 mm; D = 1 mm.
Figure 3 in Description of six new species of Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae) endemic to the Canary Islands and the utility of DNA barcoding for their fast and accurate identification
Figure 3. ♀ Loxosceles mahan sp. nov. vulva: A, ventral view; B, dorsal view; C, anterior view; D, posterior view. Abbreviations: a, apical part of seminal receptacle; b, base of seminal receptacle; m, medium part of seminal receptacle. Scale bars = 0.2 mm.
Figure 14 in Description of six new species of Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae) endemic to the Canary Islands and the utility of DNA barcoding for their fast and accurate identification
Figure 14. Neighbour-joining (NJ) tree constructed with the cytochrome oxidase 1 (COI) sequences of the Canary Islands endemic Loxosceles species. Codes at the tips correspond to specimen code, followed by island name abbreviation and number referring to the haplotype network. Haplotype networks are drawn using the internal transcribed spacer 2 sequences. Each circle represents a haplotype, and numbers within the circles correspond to those in the NJ tree.
Figure 13 in Description of six new species of Loxosceles (Araneae: Sicariidae) endemic to the Canary Islands and the utility of DNA barcoding for their fast and accurate identification
Figure 13. Graphical representation of the leg length/carapace length ratio variation for Leg 1 to Leg 4 in Loxosceles. Females are coloured in green and males in red. Continuous line corresponds to the linear regression for each sex and leg, with the 95% confidence interval in grey. (Colour version of figure available online.)
Data from: Slow and fast evolutionary rates in the history of lepidosaurs
<p>Biodiversity today is uneven, with equally ancient sister groups containing few or many species. It has often been assumed that high biodiversity indicates fast evolution, and yet in a classic work in 1944 George Simpson suggested that fast evolution might generate instability and extinction, and that slow evolution led to high biodiversity. Here we show that evolutionary rates can vary substantially through the history of a clade and find evidence for Simpson's claim. In a comparative phylogenetic study deploying Bayesian methods, we find that Squamata, comprising today over 10,000 species of lizards and snakes, showed slow rates of evolution in the first two-thirds of their history, whereas their sister clade, Rhynchocephalia, comprising just one living species, showed high rates of evolution in the past. Slow and steady won the race for the Mesozoic squamates, and the high-rate boom and bust existence of rhynchocephalians at that time leaves them with a single survivor. We need to explore other cases where fast evolution can lead to short-term high diversification, but in the end long-term low biodiversity.</p>
BLEND: A Fast, Memory-Efficient, and Accurate Mechanism to Find Fuzzy Seed Matches in Genome Analysis (yeast-pb-pbsim2)
<p><strong>yeast-pb-pbsim2</strong></p> <p>Simulated PacBio CLR (P6 C4 model) reads used in the BLEND paper submission. Generated using PBSIM2 (see the yeast-pb-pbsim2/pbsim200x/pbsim.sh file)</p>
BLEND: A Fast, Memory-Efficient, and Accurate Mechanism to Find Fuzzy Seed Matches in Genome Analysis (yeast-ont-pbsim2)
<p><strong>yeast-ont-pbsim2</strong></p> <p>Simulated ONT reads (R9.5 model) used in the BLEND paper submission. Generated using PBSIM2 (see the yeast-ont-pbsim2/pbsim100x/pbsim.sh file)</p>
Traveltime calculations for qP, qSV and qSH waves in 3D tilted transversely isotropic media using fast sweeping method with a Newton method local solver
<p>Data for the 3D BP model, which is used in the numerical example test for fast sweeping method </p>
Minimizer collision statistics (BLEND: A Fast, Memory-Efficient, and Accurate Mechanism to Find Fuzzy Seed Matches in Genome Analysis)
<p>This dataset includes the statistics for the minimizers that generate the same hash value (i.e., collisions). The hash values are generated using a low-collision hash function and the SimHash technique in BLEND.</p> <p> </p> <p>*collision_stats.txt files include the overall collision statistics for a tool and configuration of the tool (i.e., the number of colliding minimizer pairs with a certain edit distance and their ratio to all number of collisions). For example blend_n3_collision_stats.txt shows the statistics for BLEND where the number of neighbors is set to 3 when running BLEND.</p> <p>_sim.csv files include all minimizer pairs with the same hash value and the edit distance between them.</p> <p> </p>
K-mer collision statistics (BLEND: A Fast, Memory-Efficient, and Accurate Mechanism to Find Fuzzy Seed Matches in Genome Analysis)
<p>This dataset contains 1,077 FASTA files and CSV files. Each FASTA file includes 25-character long sequences similar to each other.</p> <p>We have a CSV file for each tool (i.e., minimap2 and BLEND) and configuration (i.e., different number of neighbors in BLEND). CSV files include the non-identical k-mer pairs (16-mers) that generate the same hash value (i.e., collisions). These k-mers are extracted from sequences that are similar to each other. In each line, we show the hash value of the k-mers, the actual sequene pairs that the k-mers are extracted from, k-mer pairs that generate the same hash value, and the edit distance between these k-mers.</p> <p> </p>
Dataset: "Resilience of small PAHs in interstellar clouds: Efficient stabilization of cyanonaphthalene by fast radiative cooling"
<p>Data supporting the article "Resilience of small PAHs in interstellar clouds: Efficient stabilization of cyanonaphthalene by fast radiative cooling"</p>
Fatty acids homeostasis during fasting predicts protection from chemotherapy toxicity
<p>Fasting exerts beneficial effects in mice and humans, including protection from chemotherapy toxicity. To explore the involved mechanisms, we collect blood from humans and mice before and after 36 or 24 hours of fasting, respectively, and measure lipid composition of erythrocyte membranes, circulating micro RNAs (miRNAs), and RNA expression at peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Fasting coordinately affects the proportion of polyunsaturated versus saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids at the erythrocyte membrane; and reduces the expression of insulin signaling-related genes in PBMCs. When fasted for 24 hours before and 24 hours after administration of oxaliplatin or doxorubicin, mice show a strong protection from toxicity in several tissues. Erythrocyte membrane lipids and PBMC gene expression define two separate groups of individuals that accurately predict a differential protection from chemotherapy toxicity, with important clinical implications. Our results reveal a mechanism of fasting associated with lipid homeostasis, and provide biomarkers of fasting to predict fasting-mediated protection from chemotherapy toxicity.</p>
Species of fast bulk-soil nutrient cycling have lower rhizosphere effects: A nutrient spectrum of rhizosphere effects
<p>Tree roots not only acquire readily-usable soil nutrients but also affect microbial decomposition and manipulate nutrient availability in their surrounding soils, i.e., rhizosphere effects (REs). Thus, REs challenge the basic understanding how plants adapt to environment and co-exist with other species. Yet, how REs vary among species in response to species-specific bulk soil nutrient cycling is not well-known. Here we studied how plant-controlled microbial decomposition activities in rhizosphere soils respond to those in their corresponding bulk soils and whether these relations depend on species-specific nutrient cycling in the bulk soils. We targeted 55 woody species of different clades and mycorrhizal types in three contrasting biomes, namely a temperate forest, a subtropical forest and a tropical forest. We found that microbial decomposition activities in rhizosphere soils responded linearly to those in their corresponding bulk soils at the species level. Thereafter, we found that REs (parameters in rhizosphere soils minus those in corresponding bulk soils) of microbial decomposition activities had negative linear correlations with microbial decomposition activities in corresponding bulk soils. A multiple factor analysis revealed that soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and soil water content favored bulk soil decomposition activities in all three biomes, showing that the magnitude of REs varied along a fast-slow nutrient cycling spectrum in bulk soils. The species of fast nutrient cycling in their bulk soils tended to have smaller or even negative REs. Therefore, woody plants commonly utilize both positive and negative REs as a nutrient-acquisition strategy. Based on the trade-offs between REs and other nutrient-acquisition strategies, we proposed a push and pull conceptual model which can bring plant nutrient-acquisition cost and plant carbon economics spectrum together in the future. This model will facilitate not only the carbon and nutrient cycling but also the mechanisms of species co-existence in forest ecosystems.</p>
Data for Field evidence for Asian outflow and fast depletion of total gaseous mercury in the polluted coastal atmosphere
<p>Hourly data of TGM at Tai Mo Shan in Hong Kong</p>
Data from: Observed and dark diversity dynamics over millennial time scales: Fast-life history traits linked to expansion lags of plants in northern Europe
<p>Global change drivers (e.g. climate and land use) affect the species and functional traits observed in a local site but also its dark diversity—the set of species and traits locally suitable but absent. Dark diversity links regional and local scales and, over time, reveals taxa under expansion lags by depicting the potential biodiversity that remains suitable but is absent locally. Since global change effects on biodiversity are both spatially and temporally scale dependent, examining long-term temporal dynamics in observed and dark diversity would be relevant to assessing and foreseeing biodiversity change. Here, we used sedimentary pollen data to examine how both taxonomic and functional observed and dark diversity changed over the past 14500 years in northern Europe. We found that taxonomic and functional observed and dark diversity increased over time, especially after the Late Glacial and during the Late Holocene. However, dark diversity dynamics revealed expansion lags related to species' functional characteristics (dispersal limitation and stress intolerance) and an extensive functional redundancy when compared to taxa in observed diversity. We highlight that assessing observed and dark diversity dynamics is a promising tool to examine biodiversity change across spatial scales, its possible causes, and functional consequences.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.