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Figure 6 in Who's who among baby brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): postmetamorphic development of some North Atlantic forms
Figure 6. Ophiomitrella clavigera postlarval development, specimens taken from brooding adult are termed embryo, freeliving stages postlarvae. A–C, 0.6 mm dd embryo; A, dorsal; B, arm ventral; C, jaws; D, 1 mm dd embryo dorsal; E, 1.3 mm dd embryo ventral; F, same, jaws; G, 1.5 mm dd postlarva dorsal; H, same ventral; I, 2.1 mm postlarva dorsal; J, adult ventral; K, adult arm ventral. Abbreviations: T, tooth; others as in Figs 1, 2, 5. Scale bars in millimetres.
Figure 14. Histampica duplicata postlarval development. A, B, 1.5 in Who's who among baby brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): postmetamorphic development of some North Atlantic forms
Figure 14. Histampica duplicata postlarval development. A, B, 1.5 mm dd postlarva; A, dorsal, note the thicker plate margins; B, ventral; C, D, 2.9 mm dd juvenile; C, dorsal; D, ventral. Abbreviations: as in Figs 1–3, 5. Scale bars in millimetres.
Figure 12. Amphiura chiajei postlarval development. A, B, 0.4 in Who's who among baby brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): postmetamorphic development of some North Atlantic forms
Figure 12. Amphiura chiajei postlarval development. A, B, 0.4 mm dd postlarvae; A, dorsal, note the large fenestrations of the primary plates; B, ventral; C, D, 0.6 mm dd postlarvae; C, dorsal; D, ventral; E, F, 0.9 mm dd postlarva, E, dorsal, note the inter-radial plates (IR); F, ventral, note the infradental papillae (IP = MP2) on the dental plate (DP); G, H, 1.4 mm dd postlarvae; G, dorsal, note the k-plate (k); H, ventral, the adoral shield spine (ASS) has transformed into a flat scale; I, J, 2.0 mm postlarvae; I, dorsal; J, ventral, IP have moved onto oral plates; K–M, 2.4 mm dd juvenile; K, arm ventral, note the tentacle scales (TS); L, ventral; M, dorsal; N, O, 3 mm dd juvenile; N, dorsal; O, ventral. Abbreviations: as in Figs 1–3, 5. Scale bars in millimetres.
Figure 8. Ophiura albida postlarval development. A, B, 0.4 in Who's who among baby brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): postmetamorphic development of some North Atlantic forms
Figure 8. Ophiura albida postlarval development. A, B, 0.4 mm dd postlarva; A, dorsal, note the multilayered structure of the disc plates; B, ventral; C, D, 0.5 mm dd postlarva; C, dorsal; D, ventral, note the shape of the first ventral arm plate (VAP1); E, 0.7 mm dd postlarva. Abbreviations: as in Figs 1–2, 5. Scale bars in millimetres.
Figure 9. Ophiura ophiura postlarval development. A, B, 0.3 in Who's who among baby brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): postmetamorphic development of some North Atlantic forms
Figure 9. Ophiura ophiura postlarval development. A, B, 0.3 mm dd postlarva; A, dorsal, note the flat disc; B, ventral; C, D, 0.5 mm dd postlarva; C, dorsal, note the high disc, madreporite still dorsal; D, ventral; E, F, 0.7 mm dd postlarva; E, dorsal; F, ventral; G, 1.8 mm dd postlarva dorsal, note the domed central plate (CPP); H, 4 mm dd juvenile dorsal, the central plate is only slightly domed. Abbreviations: as in Figs 1, 3. Scale bars in millimetres.
Figure 1 in Who's who among baby brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): postmetamorphic development of some North Atlantic forms
Figure 1. Asteronyx loveni postlarval development, note the thick, partly removed, skin. A, 1.8 mm dd postlarva dorsal; B, arm of same postlarva, note the radial shields; C, same individual ventral, note the large adoral shields; D, 2.5 mm dd postlarva dorsal; E, same individual ventral; F, arm of same individual lateral; G, vertebra proximal face; H, vertebra distal face; I, bulbous terminal plate; J, 3.2 mm postlarva dorsal; K, same ventral; L, arm distal, note the wide terminal plate; M, 4 mm dd postlarva dorsal; N, same ventral; O, arm spines of same; P, 3.2 mm postlarva vertebra proximal face; Q, distal face. Abbreviations: AS, adoral shield; LAP, lateral arm plate; M, madreporite; PP, primary plates; RPP, radial primary plates; RS, radial shield. Scale bars in millimetres.
Figure 2. Ophioscolex glacialis postlarval development. A, 0.5 in Who's who among baby brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): postmetamorphic development of some North Atlantic forms
Figure 2. Ophioscolex glacialis postlarval development. A, 0.5 mm dd postlarva dorsal; B, 0.9 mm dd postlarva dorsal; C, 0.9 mm postlarva ventral; D–G, 1.7 mm postlarvae; D, lateral; E, dorsal, note the irregular pattern of plates; F, arm dorsal; G, ventral, a spiniform tooth and two mouth papillae have formed; H, I, 3 mm dd juvenile ventral, note the large adoral shield spine; J, K, adult ventral. Abbreviations: ASS, adoral shield spine; DP, dental plate; OS, oral shield; others as in Fig. 1. Scale bars in millimetres.
Figure 7. Ophiopleura borealis postlarval development. A, B, 0.6 in Who's who among baby brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): postmetamorphic development of some North Atlantic forms
Figure 7. Ophiopleura borealis postlarval development. A, B, 0.6 mm dd postlarva; A, dorsal, note the high disc, swollen lateral arm plates and dorsal madreporite; B, ventral, note ventral hydropore at madreporite tip (between ASs); C, 0.8 mm dd postlarva dorsal, secondary inter-radial plates have formed above the radial primary plates (IR0); D, E, 1 mm dd postlarva; D, dorsal, secondary radial plates (SRP) have formed above the radial primary plates; E, ventral, the madreporite is now ventral; F, 1.2 mm dd postlarva dorsal; G, H, 1.8 mm dd postlarva; G, dorsal, secondary inter-radial plates (IR2) have formed below the first inter-radial plates (IR1); H, ventral, a second mouth papilla has formed on the dental plate; I, J, 2.6 mm dd juvenile; I, dorsal, the k-plate separates the radial shields proximally; J, ventral; K–L, 5 mm dd juvenile; K, dorsal, note the thick skin on the disc only partly removed; L, ventral; M, arm lateral, note two widely spaced short arm spines; N, arm ventral. Abbreviations: as in Figs 1–3, 5. Scale bars in millimetres.
Figure 5. Ophiolimna bairdi postlarval development. A–D, 1 in Who's who among baby brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): postmetamorphic development of some North Atlantic forms
Figure 5. Ophiolimna bairdi postlarval development. A–D, 1 mm dd postlarvae; A, dorsal; B, arm dorsal; C, arm ventral; D, ventral; E, 1.6 mm dd postlarva dorsal; F, 1.6 mm dd ventral; G, same, jaw; H, 2 mm dd postlarva. Abbreviations: BS, buccal scale; MP, mouth papilla; OP, oral plate; others as in Figs 1, 2. Scale bars in millimetres.
Figure 4 in Who's who among baby brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea): postmetamorphic development of some North Atlantic forms
Figure 4. Ophiacantha anomala postlarval development, stages taken from brooding animal are termed embryo, free-living stages postlarvae. A, B, 0.6 mm dd embryo dorsal; C, 0.9 mm dd embryo dorsal; D, 1.3 mm dd embryo dorsal; E, 1.3 mm embryo ventrolateral; F, 1.6 mm dd; G, 2 mm dd postlarva ventral; H, 3 mm dd juvenile jaw. Scale bars in millimetres.
Questionnaire on adnumerative forms in West Polesian and tokens from the corpus
<p>The following document contains a scratchy draft of the answers given by West Polesian speakers concerning numeral phrases and The data were gathered by Kristian Roncero in the region of Brest (Belarus) between 2016-2017 as a part of his PhD project.</p> <p>The first part of the questionnaire is inspired by Shevelov (1963). The second part contains several paradigms and the different answers multiple speakers have given for them. The first half is based on answers given to visual stimuli; whilst the second one are based on direct elicitation for primarily masculine human (virile) nouns, as I suspected they had a special distribution of the adnumerative.The last part contains some hits of numeral phrases with lower numerals in West Polesian from free texts (note that many data are missing here).</p>
Reduced-form Climate Change Damage Functions
<p>Reduced-form Climate Change Damage Functions of impacts on: Agriculture, Fishery, Forestry, Sea level rise, Riverine floods, Transport, Energy supply, Energy demand, Labour productivity.</p>
Raw measurements data of piezo actuator displacements, in a form of a groove pattern, obtained with a laser interferometer and a roundness instrument
<p><strong>A brief description of the repository content</strong></p> <p>The data presented here were obtained during an experimental calibration of the Taylor Hobson 130 (Leicester, UK) roundness instrument with the Thorlabs LPS710M (Thorlabs, Newton, NJ, USA) piezo actuator driven by Thorlabs PPC001 Piezo Controller and controlled with Kinesis® (Thorlabs) software. Before the calibration, the piezo actuator itself was calibrated with the Renishaw XL-80 interferometer system (Renishaw, Wotton-under-Edge, UK) along with the Renishaw small optics kit (A-8003-3244). These data are included in the repository as well.</p> <p><strong>Description of the dataset</strong></p> <p>Inside the .zip file, the data obtained with the Renishaw XL-80 laser interferometer and the Taylor Hobson 130 roundness instrument are stored in the “Renishaw_XL-80” and “Taylor_Hobson_130” folders, respectively. Each of these folders contains six subfolders: “0.24um”, “0.75um”, “2.4um”, “7.5um”, “24um”, and “75um”, which include the measurements data obtained with these devices (not simultaneously) while Thorlabs LPS710M piezo actuator was performing displacements simulating a groove pattern. The names of subfolders correspond to the groove’s depth.</p> <p>The data from the measurements performed with the Renishaw XL-80 interferometer were exported with the Laser XL system’s software and are saved with the extension “.RTX”. Two data files are available for each depth being considered that correspond to two measurement series. Inside each file, 40 s recording is stored. Eight grooves should be visible (nominal values: 1.5 s groove width, 3 s distance between subsequent grooves). The data were acquired with a 50 kS/s sampling rate.</p> <p>The data from the measurements performed with the Taylor Hobson 130 roundness instrument were exported with the Ultra® (Taylor Hobson) software and are saved with the extension “.SBF”. 30 data files are available for each depth being considered - 15 files for each of two measurement series. Inside each file, 10 s recording is stored. Two grooves should be visible (nominal values: 1 s groove width, 4 s distance between subsequent grooves). The data were acquired with a 360 S/s sampling rate.</p> <p>Caution:</p> <ul> <li>No synchronisation between the piezo actuator and XL-80 interferometer or Taylor Hobson 130 roundness instrument was used. Thus, the first or the last groove within the response to the simulated pattern might be too short to be considered valid.</li> <li>The square excitation of the piezo actuator was used. Thus, ringing oscillations near the grooves’ edges are present.</li> <li>The motion of the piezo actuator might happen to be initiated while the acquisition already had started. Thus, the first response inside each file should be analysed carefully.</li> <li>The piezo actuator did not hold time dependencies properly. The widths of simulated grooves usually differ from their nominal values to some extent.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Acknowledgement</strong></p> <p>This dataset was obtained within the 18RP01 ProbeTrace project. This project (18RP01 – ProbeTrace) has received funding from the EMPIR programme co-financed by the Participating States and from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.</p> <p>Project title: Traceability for contact probe and stylus instrument measurements<br> Funder name: European Metrology Programme for Innovation and Research (EMPIR)<br> Funder ID: 10.13039/100014132<br> Grant number: 18RP01 ProbeTrace<br> Link to project homepage: http://probetrace.org/</p>
PROCRAFT_Form A_P51D_Garda
<p>Information on American aircraft North American P-51D crashed in 1944 in the Garda lake (Italy)</p>
Not the same: phylogenetic relationships and ecological niche comparisons between two different forms of Aglaoctenus lagotis from Argentina and Uruguay
<p>We extracted genomic DNA from three species of <em>Aglaoctenus:</em> <em>A. lagotis, </em>and<em> A. castaneus </em>from Uruguay and Argentina. From those we obtained three mitochondrial markers including the 5’ half of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (<em>cox1</em>), the 3’ half of the 16S rRNA ribosomal subunit plus the complete tRNA-Leu plus 5’ half of the NADH dehydrogenase subunit I (16S+L1+nad1), and a partial fragment of the small ribosomal unit (<em>12S</em>). Additionally, we sequenced the nuclear intron of the gene encoding translation initiation factor 5A (<em>tif5A</em>). The sequences of the <em>12S</em>, <em>16S</em>+<em>L1+nad1 </em>and <em>tif5A </em>gene fragments were aligned using the online version of MAFFT v7 using the Q-ins-i algorithm. The alignment of the partial fragment of <em>cox1 </em>sequences was trivial since no insertions/deletions (indels) were observed. The alleles in heterozygous individuals for the <em>tif5A</em> intron were separated using the PHASE algorithm, as implemented in DnaSP v6. 12.03. With this data we inferred gene trees with Maximum Likelihood, Bayesian and statistical parsimony analyses. We perform molecular species delimitation analyses conducted with STACEY, and the species tree and divergence times were co-estimated with *BEAST. Additionally, we build a haplotype network of the nuclear intron <em>tif5A</em>, the concatenated mitochondrial genes <em>cox1</em>+<em>12S</em>+<em>16S</em>+<em>L1</em>+<em>nad1</em>, and a partial fragment of <em>cox1 </em>gene were estimated using statistical parsimony in TCS and implemented in PopART v1.7.</p>
Representations of color and form in mouse visual cortex
<p>Spatial transitions in color can aid any visual perception task, and its neural representation – an "integration of color and form" – is thought to begin at primary visual cortex (V1). Color and form integration is untested in mouse V1, yet studies show that the ventral retina provides the necessary substrate from green-sensitive rods and UV-sensitive cones. Here, we used two-photon imaging in V1 to measure spatial frequency (SF) tuning along four axes of rod and cone contrast space, including luminance and color. We first reveal that V1 has similar responsiveness to luminance and color, yet average SF tuning is significantly shifted lowpass for color. Next, guided by linear models, we used SF tuning along all four color axes to estimate the proportion of neurons that fall into classic models of color opponency – "single-", "double-", and "non-opponent". Few neurons (~6%) fit the criteria for double-opponency, which are uniquely tuned for chromatic borders. Most of the population can be described as a unimodal distribution ranging from strongly single-opponent to non-opponent. Consistent with recent studies of the rodent and primate retina, our V1 data is well-described by a simple model in which ON and OFF channels to V1 sample the photoreceptor mosaic randomly.</p>
Text-fig. 47. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of "One-seeded fruit sp. 1"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Lateral view of fruits showing slightly sinuous ventral margin and the curved stalk; c, d) Longitudinal sections perpendicular to each other through the median part of fruit and its single seed (c, orthoslice yz0652, d, xz0739) showing the bitegmic seed closely adhering to the fruit wall (fw); the several cell layer thick outer integument (oi) and the membranous inner integument (ii); note the vascular bundle (vb) branching into a dorsal and lateral bundle near the base of the fruit; e) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0600) showing fruit wall (fw) and outer (oi) and inner (ii) integuments of the seed; f) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0871) through the micropylar region showing micropyle (mi) formed from membranous inner integument (ii). Specimens, Catefica 49-S174927 (a), Catefica 49-S174923 (b, f), Catefica 49-S174769 (c–e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d), 100 Μm (e, f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 47. Synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM) images of "One-seeded fruit sp. 1"; Catefica locality, Portugal. a, b) Lateral view of fruits showing slightly sinuous ventral margin and the curved stalk; c, d) Longitudinal sections perpendicular to each other through the median part of fruit and its single seed (c, orthoslice yz0652, d, xz0739) showing the bitegmic seed closely adhering to the fruit wall (fw); the several cell layer thick outer integument (oi) and the membranous inner integument (ii); note the vascular bundle (vb) branching into a dorsal and lateral bundle near the base of the fruit; e) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0600) showing fruit wall (fw) and outer (oi) and inner (ii) integuments of the seed; f) Longitudinal section (orthoslice yz0871) through the micropylar region showing micropyle (mi) formed from membranous inner integument (ii). Specimens, Catefica 49-S174927 (a), Catefica 49-S174923 (b, f), Catefica 49-S174769 (c–e). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–d), 100 Μm (e, f).
Text-fig. 2. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, c–f) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b, g) images of the flower of Mugideiriflora portugallica (a, b) and fruits, seeds and pollen of Canrightia resinifera (c–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Oblique, apical view of flower showing multiparted organization with numerous laminar tepals, stamens that are rhomboidal and flattened in transverse section and carpels that are borne on the short conical apex of the receptacle; b) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0800) through basal part of flower showing the elongate bases of the laminar tepals and the flattened rhomboidal bases of the stamens; c) Fruit in lateral view showing irregular surface resulting from the abundant resin bodies in the fruit and hypanthium wall, scars from stamens on the rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and the lobed apical stigmatic region (st); d) Broken fruit with one or two seeds missing but showing three pendant, orthotropous seeds with pointed micropylar regions (mi) and a finely pitted crystalliferous endotesta; note the remains of the apical vascular bundles (vb); e) Single seed isolated from a fruit showing two distinct bundles (vb) still attached apically to the chalazal region of the seed, the pointed micropyle (mi) and the finely pitted surface of the crystalliferous endotesta; f) Monocolpate pollen from stigmatic region of fruit showing the long colpus and coarse reticulum; g) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0705) through a fruit showing four seeds all with radially elongated endothelium cells formed from the inner epidermis of the tegmen (asterisks). Specimens, Catefica 150-S174254 (a, b), Catefica 49-S170377 (c), Catefica 49-S170372 (d), Catefica 50-S170401 (e), Catefica 50-S170404 (f), Catefica 50-S174906 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e, g), 6 Μm (f). in The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Catefica, Portugal: Angiosperms
Text-fig. 2. Scanning electron microscope (SEM, a, c–f) and synchrotron radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy (SRXTM, b, g) images of the flower of Mugideiriflora portugallica (a, b) and fruits, seeds and pollen of Canrightia resinifera (c–g); Catefica locality, Portugal. a) Oblique, apical view of flower showing multiparted organization with numerous laminar tepals, stamens that are rhomboidal and flattened in transverse section and carpels that are borne on the short conical apex of the receptacle; b) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0800) through basal part of flower showing the elongate bases of the laminar tepals and the flattened rhomboidal bases of the stamens; c) Fruit in lateral view showing irregular surface resulting from the abundant resin bodies in the fruit and hypanthium wall, scars from stamens on the rim of the hypanthium (arrowheads) and the lobed apical stigmatic region (st); d) Broken fruit with one or two seeds missing but showing three pendant, orthotropous seeds with pointed micropylar regions (mi) and a finely pitted crystalliferous endotesta; note the remains of the apical vascular bundles (vb); e) Single seed isolated from a fruit showing two distinct bundles (vb) still attached apically to the chalazal region of the seed, the pointed micropyle (mi) and the finely pitted surface of the crystalliferous endotesta; f) Monocolpate pollen from stigmatic region of fruit showing the long colpus and coarse reticulum; g) Transverse section (orthoslice xy0705) through a fruit showing four seeds all with radially elongated endothelium cells formed from the inner epidermis of the tegmen (asterisks). Specimens, Catefica 150-S174254 (a, b), Catefica 49-S170377 (c), Catefica 49-S170372 (d), Catefica 50-S170401 (e), Catefica 50-S170404 (f), Catefica 50-S174906 (g). Scale bars = 300 Μm (a–e, g), 6 Μm (f).
Text-fig. 4. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c). in Taimyria Gen. Nov., A New Genus Of Evolutionary Advanced Gymnosperms From Triassic Of The Taimyr Peninsula, Siberia, Russia
Text-fig. 4. Taimyria triassica NAUGOLNYKH et MOGUTCHEVA gen. et sp. nov., holotype 4287/6. a: line drawing explaining female cone morphology after holotype; b: suggested reconstruction showing arrangement and vascularization of seed-bearing discs (left), and section through seed-bearing discs exhibiting seed attachment and marginal limb structure (right); c: seed scar structure (after Textfig. 3c), 1 – subepidermal and epidermal tissues under the cuticle, 2 – coaly tissues of mesophyll. Oval form at seed scar center is possible exit of conducting strand. Locality: Tsvetkov Cape; Lower Triassic, Induan; Keshin Formation. Scale bar 1 cm (a, b), 100 µm (c).
Figure A3 in Carcinoecium-Forming Sea Anemone Stylobates calcifer sp. nov. (Cnidaria, Actiniaria, Actiniidae) from the Japanese Deep-Sea Floor: A Taxonomical Description with Its Ecological Observations
Figure A3. Size distribution of the cnidae of Stylobates calcifer sp. nov. (paratype: NSMT-Co 1796). (i) indicates the examined positions of the sea anemone and the corresponding scatter diagrams (A–E). (ii) indicates the measured parameters of the cnidae.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.