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19,493 results for “Populism”
Fig. 12 in Diversity And Density Of Mollusca (Gastropoda And Bivalvia) Population In The Euphrates River At Al-Nasiriyah, Southern Iraq
Fig. 12. Richness values of Mollusca species from July 2018 to June 2019 in the study stations at the Euphrates River.
Fat oxidation rates and cardiorespiratory responses during exercise in different subject populations with post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection: a comparison with normative percentile values
<p>INTRODUCTION: Post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) presents a spectrum of symptoms following acute COVID-19, with exercise intolerance being a prevalent manifestation likely linked to disrupted oxygen metabolism and mitochondrial function. This study aims to assess maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and exercise intensity at MFO (FATmax) in distinct PASC subject groups and compare these findings with normative data.</p> <p>METHODS: Eight male subjects with PASC were involved in this study. The participants were divided in two groups: “endurance-trained” subjects (V̇O<sub>2</sub>max > 55 ml/min/kg) and “recreationally-active” subjects (V̇O<sub>2</sub>max < 55 ml/min/kg). Each subject performed a graded exercise test until maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O<sub>2</sub>max) to measure fat oxidation. Subsequently, MFO was assessed and FATmax calculated as the ratio between V̇O<sub>2 </sub>at MFO and V̇O<sub>2</sub>max.</p> <p>RESULTS: The MFO and FATmax of “endurance-trained” subjects were 0.85, 0.89, 0.71 and 0.42, and 68%, 69%, 64% and 53%, respectively. Three out of four subjects showed both MFO and FATmax values placed over the 80<sup>th</sup> percentile of normative data. The MFO and FATmax of “recreationally-active” subjects were 0.34, 0.27, 0.35 and 0.38, and 47%, 39%, 43% and 41%, respectively. All MFO and FATmax values of those subjects placed below the 20<sup>th</sup> percentile or between the 20<sup>th</sup> and 40<sup>th</sup> percentile.</p> <p>DISCUSSION: Significant differences in MFO and FATmax values between 'endurance-trained' and “recreationally-active” subjects suggest that specific endurance training, rather than simply an active lifestyle, may provide protective effects against alterations in mitochondrial function during exercise in subjects with PASC.</p>
Data for: Harvest and decimation affect genetic drift and the effective population size in wild reindeer
<p>Harvesting and culling are methods used to monitor and manage wildlife diseases. An important consequence of these practices is a change in the genetic dynamics of affected populations that may threaten their long-term viability. The effective population size (N<sub>e</sub>) is a fundamental parameter for describing such changes as it determines the amount of genetic drift in a population. Here, we estimate N<sub>e</sub> of a harvested wild reindeer population in Norway. Then we use simulations to investigate the genetic consequences of management efforts for handling a recent spread of chronic wasting disease, including increased adult male harvest and population decimation. The N<sub>e</sub>/N ratio in this population was found to be 0.124 at the end of the study period, compared to 0.239 in the preceding 14-year period. The difference was caused by increased harvest rates with a high proportion of adult males (older than 2.5 years) being shot (15.2 % in 2005-2018 and 44.8 % in 2021). Increased harvest rates decreased N<sub>e</sub> in the simulations, but less sex-biased harvest strategies had a lower negative impact. For harvest strategies that yield stable population dynamics, shifting the harvest from calves to adult males and females increased N<sub>e</sub>. Population decimation always resulted in decreased genetic variation in the population, with higher loss of heterozygosity and rare alleles with more severe decimation or longer periods of low population size. A very high proportion of males in the harvest had the most severe consequences for the loss of genetic variation. This study clearly shows how the effects of harvest strategies and changes in population size interact to determine the genetic drift of a managed population. The long-term genetic viability of wildlife populations subject to disease will also depend on the population impacts of the disease and how these interact with management actions.</p>
Fig. 2. A in Genetic differentiation in populations of Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae) dengue vector from the Brazilian state of Maranhão
Fig. 2. A priori estimate of the probable groups of populations produced by the BAPS (Bayesian Analysis of Population Structure v 6.0) program, indicating a total of two groups.
Simulated Herbarium data for testing the accuracy with which specimen data can predict the timing and duration of population-level flowering displays
<p>This dataset provides code and example data for simulating specimen collections of flowering plants across North America, and for developing phenological predictions of population-level flowering onset and termination for these data. It further presents code for assessing the accuracy of these predictions relaticve to known (simulated) population-level flowering dates at the location of each collection.</p>
Figure 8 in Population and reproductive biology of two caprellid species (Crustacea: Amphipoda) associated to Sargassum cymosum (Phaeophyta: Fucales) on the southeast coast of Brazil
Figure 8. Frequency of females (F), males (M), ovigerous females (OF), mature females (MF) and juveniles (J) in size classes (total length in mm) of Pseudaeginella montoucheti over the studied period.
Figure 6 in Population and reproductive biology of two caprellid species (Crustacea: Amphipoda) associated to Sargassum cymosum (Phaeophyta: Fucales) on the southeast coast of Brazil
Figure 6. Monthly values of ovigerous female density (ind./g of algae) (mean ± standard error) of Paracaprella tenuis and Pseudaeginella montoucheti from October 2010 to September 2011.
Figure 7 in Population and reproductive biology of two caprellid species (Crustacea: Amphipoda) associated to Sargassum cymosum (Phaeophyta: Fucales) on the southeast coast of Brazil
Figure 7. Frequency of females (F), males (M), ovigerous females (OF), mature females (MF) and juveniles (J) in size classes (total length in mm) of Paracaprella tenuis over the studied period.
Data from: Do pheromones contribute to the persistence of asexual populations in a facultatively parthenogenetic stick insect?
<p>Facultative parthenogenesis is a form of reproduction in which females can either lay unfertilised eggs that typically develop into female offspring only, or mate and lay fertilised eggs that develop into male and female offspring. Facultative parthenogens often occur in mixed-sex populations where reproduction is mostly sexual, and all-female populations where reproduction is asexual. How all-female populations avoid invasion by males remains unknown. Here, we investigated the role of volatile and non-volatile (cuticular hydrocarbons, CHCs) pheromones in the persistence of all-female populations in the facultatively parthenogenetic stick insect, <em>Megacrania </em><em>batesii</em>. We found that <em>M. batesii</em> exhibits slight sexual dimorphism in antenna morphology, and behavioural assays provided little evidence that males could locate females solely by volatile pheromones. However, CHC profiles differed substantially between different types of females. Analysis of CHC structure and abundance indicated a clear genetic difference between females from all-female versus mixed-sex populations, as well as a maternal effect of female parthenogenesis versus sexual development. Together, our results suggest that males might rely more on close-range chemical cues to differentiate females, and chemical communication could play a role in the persistence of all-female populations.</p>
Data from: Unexpected stability in faunal population abundances following an estuary-wide collapse of oysters
<p>Data describing the number and lengths of fish and macroinvertebrates sampled from long-term fisheries independent sampling in Florida’s coastal waters. Original data were collected by the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FWC) Fish and Wildlife Research Institute (FWRI).</p>
Figure 2 in Population biology of the fiddler crab Uca maracoani (Crustacea, Ocypodidae) inhabiting an impacted mangrove area on the southern coast of São Paulo state, Brazil
Figure 2. Regression between carapace width and major cheliped propodus of males (A), and carapace width and abdomen width for females of Uca maracoani (B). In (A), light gray circles represent juveniles and black circles represent adults. In (B), light gray circles represent juvenile females, gray circles represent transitional phase, and black circles represent adult females.
Figure 5 in Population biology of the freshwater shrimp Atya scabra (Leach, 1816) (Crustacea: Decapoda) in São Francisco River, Brazil: evidence from a population at risk of extinction
Figure 5. Atya scabra (Leach, 1816). (A) Relationship between sampling month and number of individuals; (B) monthly variation in the number of individuals (average ± SD) and mean flow (m3/s) and (C) monthly variation in number of ovigerous females (average ± SD) and mean rainfall (mm) during the sampling period.
Figure 3 in Population biology of the fiddler crab Uca maracoani (Crustacea, Ocypodidae) inhabiting an impacted mangrove area on the southern coast of São Paulo state, Brazil
Figure 3. Frequency of juveniles, adult males, and adult females of Uca maracoani by crab size and month.
Figure 4 in Population biology of the freshwater shrimp Atya scabra (Leach, 1816) (Crustacea: Decapoda) in São Francisco River, Brazil: evidence from a population at risk of extinction
Figure 4. Atya scabra (Leach, 1816). (A) Proportion of adult ovigerous and non-ovigerous females and (B) sex ratio (estimate ± SE) during the months sampled. In (B), the black square indicates a deviation from a 1:1 sex ratio.
Figure 1 in Population biology of the freshwater shrimp Atya scabra (Leach, 1816) (Crustacea: Decapoda) in São Francisco River, Brazil: evidence from a population at risk of extinction
Figure 1. (A) Dorsal and (B) lateral view of Atya scabra (Leach, 1816) captured on the São Francisco River, Sergipe, Brazil (Photo: Alves, DFR).
Figure 3 in Population biology of the freshwater shrimp Atya scabra (Leach, 1816) (Crustacea: Decapoda) in São Francisco River, Brazil: evidence from a population at risk of extinction
Figure 3. Atya scabra (Leach, 1816). Size-frequency distribution of carapace length (mm) of the male and female shrimp sampled in São Francisco River, Sergipe, Brazil.
Figure 1 in Population biology of the fiddler crab Uca maracoani (Crustacea, Ocypodidae) inhabiting an impacted mangrove area on the southern coast of São Paulo state, Brazil
Figure 1. Proportion of females (white bars) and males (black bars) of Uca maracoani by (A) Month and (B) Crab size (CW in mm).
Figure 2 in Population biology of the freshwater shrimp Atya scabra (Leach, 1816) (Crustacea: Decapoda) in São Francisco River, Brazil: evidence from a population at risk of extinction
Figure 2. Map of Brazil indicating the São Francisco River watershed. Inset: sampling site (black circle) and the region of the Xingó Reservoirs (white circle). Legend: MG–Minas Gerais; BA–Bahia; SE–Sergipe; AL–Alagoas; PE–Pernambuco.
Figure 8 in Dynamics of a subtropical population of the purse crab Persephona punctata (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) in Southeastern Brazil
Figure 8. Persephona punctata (Linnaeus, 1758). Time series analysis of the abundance of ovigerous females and A, bottom water temperature, and B, bottom water salinity from July 2012 to June 2014, in Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil. Lag: time; Corr: correlation value; S.E.: standard error; Conf. Limit: confidence limit.
Figure 5 in Dynamics of a subtropical population of the purse crab Persephona punctata (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) in Southeastern Brazil
Figure 5. Persephona punctata (Linnaeus, 1758). Spatial distribution of ovigerous females (OF), juveniles and reproductive males captured from July 2012 to June 2014, in Cananéia, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.