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Figure 18 in Osteology of the two-fingered oviraptorid Oksoko avarsan (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria)

Figure 18. Dorsal ribs of Oksoko avarsan. Right first dorsal rib (A), indeterminate anterior dorsal ribs (B, C), and middle dorsal rib (D) of MPC-D 102/12 in anterior view. Abbreviations: cap, capitulum; cg, costal groove; tub, tuberculum; unc, attachment for uncinate process.

Figure 28 in Osteology of the two-fingered oviraptorid Oksoko avarsan (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria)

Figure 28. Tibiotarsi of Oksoko avarsan. Tibiotarsus of MPC-D 102/12 in lateral (A), posterior (B), medial (C), and anterior (D) views. Fibula of MPC-D 102/12 in posterior (E), anterior (F), and lateral (G) views. Detail (H, I) of astragalocalcaneum of MPC-D 102/12 (H) and MPC-D 102/11.a (I) in anterior view. Distal tibiotarsus of MPC-D 102/11.a in posterior (J) and anterior (K) views. Abbreviations: astr, astragalus; asc, ascending process;:calc, contact for calcaneum; calc, calcaneum; can, canal between fibular and femoral condyles; fc, fibular crest;:fc, contact for fibular crest; fcon, fibular condyle; h, head; mm, medial malleolus; nut, nutrient foramen; pff, postfibular flange.

Figure 15 in Osteology of the two-fingered oviraptorid Oksoko avarsan (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria)

Figure 15. Dorsal vertebrae of Oksoko avarsan. Dorsal vertebrae of MPC-D 102/12. Articulated dorsal series in left lateral view (A). Third cervicodorsal vertebra (B–G) in right lateral (B), anterior (C), dorsal (D), left lateral (E), posterior (F), and ventral (G) views. Posterior dorsal vertebra (H–M) in right lateral (H), anterior (I), dorsal (J), left lateral (K), posterior (L), and ventral (M) views. Abbreviations: hypa, hypantrum; hypp, hypapophysis; hyps, hyposphene; idpf, infradiapophyseal fossa; ipref, infraprezygapophyseal fossa; ipostf, infrapostzygapophyseal fossa; k, ventral keel; nc, neural canal; ns, neural spine; para, parapophysis; pl, pleurocoel; post, postzygapophysis; pre, prezygapophysis; tp, transverse process.

Figure 5 in Osteology of the two-fingered oviraptorid Oksoko avarsan (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria)

Figure 5. Computed tomography images of MPC-D 102/110. A, photograph of MPC-D 102/110 to show orientation of skeletons. Image stacks (B, C) of CT scan data showing maximum slice values across two slice intervals. B, slices 170–860 showing position of skull of MPC-D 102/110.a and highlighting a cervical vertebra apparent in both slice intervals (yellow arrow). C, slices 330–430 showing faded images of the vertebral series (blue arrows), continuous with the cervical vertebra in slices 170–860 (yellow arrow).

Figure 3 in Osteology of the two-fingered oviraptorid Oksoko avarsan (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria)

Figure 3. Holotype block of Oksoko avarsan. Skeletal reconstruction (A) of Oksoko avarsan, and photograph (B) of the holotype specimen (MPC-D 102/110).

Figure 4 in Osteology of the two-fingered oviraptorid Oksoko avarsan (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria)

Figure 4. Skeletal representation of Oksoko avarsan. Reconstructions of Oksoko avarsan with elements shaded by abundance. The skull was treated as a single element, rather than parsing out individual cranial elements. The complete cervical series of MPC-D 102/110 were considered to be present, based on CT scan data. Elements are shaded in increments of 15%. The least abundant element is the pygostyle, recovered only in MPC-D 102/12, the pectoral girdle is known in two specimens, MPC-D 102/110 and MPC-D 100/33, whereas the right tibia and caudal vertebrae 4–5 (with associated chevrons) are known in all individuals (N = 6).

Figure 1 in Osteology of the two-fingered oviraptorid Oksoko avarsan (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria)

Figure 1. History of discovery of Oviraptorosauria. Line graph of number of valid taxa over time, with major events in oviraptorosaur research highlighted.

Figure 2 in Osteology of the two-fingered oviraptorid Oksoko avarsan (Theropoda: Oviraptorosauria)

Figure 2. Provenance of Oksoko avarsan. Map of Mongolia (A) showing the location of the satellite image in panel B. Satellite image (B) of the Western Gobi, showing the Nemegt Basin and the two localities that have produced Oksoko avarsan specimens of known provenance. Photographs (C, D) of similar collection techniques between MPC-D 102/110 (C) and an ankylosaur jacket abandoned by poachers (D) at the Guriliin Tsav locality. Note similarity in collection materials (i.e. yellow plastic bags as separators, thin pre-formed plaster bandages), and in matrix type between the two specimens. Images courtesy Philip Currie (C) and Federico Fanti (D).

Figure 8 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 8. Posterior dorsal vertebrae and left forearm of Pelecanimimus (MCCM-LH 7777). A, B, isolated posterior dorsal vertebrae (Dv) and left forearm in anatomical position, photo (A), drawing (B). C, close-up view of the neural spine of the posterior dorsal vertebra. D–I, digital reconstruction of the posteriormost preserved dorsal vertebra in dorsal (D), anterior (E), lateral left (F), posterior (G), lateral right (H) and ventral (I) views with restored areas in grey. Abbreviations: acdl, anterocentrodiapophyseal lamina; acdl, anterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; apns, anterior process of neural spine; dp, diapophysis; DC, distal carpal; DRb, dorsal rib, kl, keel; Mc, metacarpal; ns, neural spine; pa, parapophysis; pn, pneumatic foramina; pcdl, posterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; pop, posterior process; poz, postzygapophysis; ppns, posterior process of neural spine; prz, prezygapophysis, R, radius; Rb, rib; Scu, scapholunare: U, ulna. Scale bars: A, B, 50 mm; C, 20 mm.

Figure 2. 3D in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 2. 3D reconstruction process of the axis of Pelecanimimus. Original CT scan of right side in grey, original CT scan of left side in blue, complete and restored axis in red.

Figure 13 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 13. Right forelimb of Pelecanimimus (MCCM-LH 7777) in the right slab: photo (A) and drawing (B). Abbreviations: hh, humeral head; it, internal tuberosity; RH, right humerus; RR, right radius; RU, right ulna; op, olecranon process. Scale bars: 20 mm.

Figure 17 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 17. Phylogenetic relationships of Ornithomimosauria and synapomorphies map. Strict consensus topology of four most parsimonious trees recovered from the cladistic analysis. Synapomorphies are indicated in boxes in nodes, with character states in brackets. A, is the syndesmosis in ulna–radius. Terminal nodes/taxa are time-callibrated (thick lines), but more inclusive nodes are not.

Figure 5 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 5. Anterior cervical vertebrae of Pelecanimimus (MCCM-LH 7777) in left side. A, B cervical vertebrae from 3–6 in connection, photo (A), drawing (B). C, D, digitally reconstructed fifth cervical vertebra in 3D in lateral view (C) and in dorsal view (D) with restored areas in grey. Abbreviations: ep, epipophysis; ns, neural spine; podl, postzygodiapophyseal lamina; pop, posterior process; poz, postzygapophysis; prz, prezygapophysis; Rb, rib. Scale bars: 20 mm.

Figure 10 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 10. Digital reconstruction of the right sternal plate of Pelecanimimus (MCCM-LH 7777) in ventral (A), lateral (B) and dorsal (C) views. Arrow points to anterior. Restored areas in grey. Abbreviations: cf, coracoid facet; cp, costal process; scp, sternocoracoidal process; S RB, sternal ribs. Scale bar: 20 mm.

Figure 7 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 7. Anterior dorsal vertebrae of Pelecanimimus (MCCM-LH 7777) in right side. A, B, dorsal vertebrae (Dv) from 1–3 in connection, photo (A), drawing (B). Abbreviations: acdl, anterior centrodiapophyseal lamina; dp, diapophysis; DRb, dorsal rib, ns, neural spine; pn, pneumatic foramina; pop, posterior process; poz, postzygapophysis; prz, prezygapophysis; un, uncinate process. Scale bars: 20 mm.

Figure 15 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 15. Right forearm and manus of Pelecanimimus (MCCM-LH 7777). Complete manus (A), close-up of ulna, radius and carpals in lateral view (B), drawing (C), close-up of metacarpals in dorsal view (D) and drawing (E). Abbreviations: DC, distal carpal; Mt, metacarpal; Ph, phalanx; RR, right radius; RU, right ulna; Scu, scapholunare. Scale bars: 20 mm.

Figure 12 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 12. Left forelimb of Pelecanimimus (MCCM-LH 7777) in the left slab: photo (A) and drawing (B). Abbreviations: dpc, deltopectoral crest; ent, entepicondyle; f, foramen; LH, left humerus; LR, left radius; L Sc, left scapula; LU, left ulna; op, olecranon process. Scale bars: 20 mm.

Figure 3 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 3. Atlas and axis of Pelecanimimus (MCCM-LH 7777), photo (A), drawing (B). A, B, left side. C, D, right side. Abbreviations: AtInt, atlas intercentrum; AxRb, axial rib; ep, epipophysis; ns, neural spine; ped, pedunculum; pn, pneumatic foramina; podl, postzygodiapophyseal lamina; pop, posterior process; poz, postzygapophysis; Pro, proatlas. Scale bars: 10 mm.

Figure 9 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 9. Uncinate processes of Pelecanimimus (MCCM-LH 7777): photo (A), drawing (B). Abbreviations: Drb, dorsal rib; Un, uncinate process; UnArt, articulation of uncinate process. Scale bars: 10 mm.

Figure 16 in Pelecanimimus (Theropoda: Ornithomimosauria) postcranial anatomy and the evolution of the specialized manus in Ornithomimosaurs and sternum in maniraptoriforms

Figure 16. Left manus of Pelecanimimus (MCCM-LH 7777). A, C, E, in ventral view; B, D, F in dorsal view. A, B, photos; C, D, 3D reconstruction; E, F, close-up of ungual phalanges. Scale bars: 20 mm.