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1,074 results for “invasive species”
Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)
<p>The Global Invasive Species Database is a free, online searchable source of information about alien and invasive species that negatively impact biodiversity. The GISD aims to increase public awareness about invasive species and to facilitate effective prevention and management activities by disseminating specialist__s knowledge and experience to a broad global audience. It focuses on invasive alien species that threaten native biodiversity and natural areas and covers all taxonomic groups from micro-organisms to animals and plants.The Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) is managed by the Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) of the IUCN Species Survival Commission. It was developed between 1998 and 2000 as part of the global initiative on invasive species led by the erstwhile Global Invasive Species Programme (GISP).</p> <p>http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/about.php</p>
Fig. 2 in The Global Invasion of the Suckermouth Armored Catfish Genus Pterygoplichthys (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): Annotated List of Species, Distributional Summary, and Assessment of Impacts
Fig. 2. Number of exotic records of Pterygoplichthys spp. by year recorded in the literature. Records with missing dates were treated using the publication date and the single record of "late 1950s" was treated as 1960. A total of 71 records of exotic Pterygoplichthys spp., either individuals or populations, were reported through October, 2017; 55 of these records represented established populations.
Fig. 1 in The Global Invasion of the Suckermouth Armored Catfish Genus Pterygoplichthys (Siluriformes: Loricariidae): Annotated List of Species, Distributional Summary, and Assessment of Impacts
Fig. 1. Global distribution of nonnative Pterygoplichthys spp. represented with filled-in geopolitical polygons for established populations, filled-in circles for potentially isolated detections, and a circle with a red X over it for the single eradication. Each species is represented by a different color. Geopolitical areas with multiple established species are displayed with a multicolor pattern using the relevant species' colors. The Gulf Coast/Caribbean region and central Indo-Pacific region are represented in higher resolution map insets with red and yellow borders, respectively. Color-filled polygons (e.g. states) indicate establishment in, but not necessarily throughout, an area.
FIGURE 6 in Emerging natural hybrid between Invasive Species and Native Congener of Emilia (Asteraceae) Found in Northern Taiwan
FIGURE 6. (A) Morphology of styles of E. praetermissa (E. p.), E. × latens (Hybrid) and E. sonchifolia var. javanica (E. s. j.) respectively. The ovary has been removed. (B, C, D) A close-up view of the style branches and stigma of E. praetermissa, E. ×latens and E. sonchifolia var. javanica respectively. The brownish stains result from the damage of forceps when we isolated the style even very carefully. (E, F, G) The morphology of stigma under 100× field of microscope, in the same order as prior. (Photographer: WANG, JEN-YU).
FIGURE 3 in Emerging natural hybrid between Invasive Species and Native Congener of Emilia (Asteraceae) Found in Northern Taiwan
FIGURE 3. The result of flow cytometry of Emilia in Taiwan. (A) & (B) Emilia sonchofolia var. javanica. (C) Emilia praetermissa. (D) Emilia fosbergii. (E) & (F) Emilia ×latens, the strength level at the nuclear count peak is similar to all the other samples (2n=20), which indicates E. ×latens is also 2n=20.
FIGURE 2 in Emerging natural hybrid between Invasive Species and Native Congener of Emilia (Asteraceae) Found in Northern Taiwan
FIGURE 2. (A) Pollen stainability of E. sonchifolia var. javanica (E. s. j.), E. praetermissa (E. p.) and E. ×latens (Hybrid). (B) Representative photo for the staining of the pollens from E. ×latens. (Photographer: WANG, JEN-YU).
FIGURE 1 in Emerging natural hybrid between Invasive Species and Native Congener of Emilia (Asteraceae) Found in Northern Taiwan
FIGURE 1. Morphology of capitula and florets of E. praetermissa (E. p.), E. sonchifolia var. javanica (E. s. j.) and E. ×latens (Hybrid). (A) Lateral view of the capitula, the florets of E. praetermissa and E. ×latens extend more outwardly, which makes the capitula looks more open. (B) Top view. (C) Dissected involucre, showing the intermediate trichome density in E. ×latens. (D) Florets, showing corolla lobes, color of corolla and stigma. (Photographer: WANG, JEN-YU).
EO4Diversity: Experimental Dataset - Invasive Alien Species Modelling & Mapping
<p>To support the EC and ESA joint Flagship Action of Biodiversity and vulnerable ecosystems to advance Earth System Science and its responses to the global challenges, the Earth Observation for Biodiversity Modeling (EO4Diversity) project, developed three Biodiversity Pilots (BD Pilots) that focus on core issues in biodiversity policy priorities:</p> <ul> <li>BD pilot1: Ecosystem productivity and health</li> <li>BD pilot2: Ecosystem accounting, monitoring and reporting towards policy obligations</li> <li>BD pilot3: Ecosystem resilience to invasive species</li> </ul> <p>Each of these pilots develops an integrated solution that brings together the scientific strengths of high-resolution multi-sensor EO data products (such as remote sensing enabled EBVs and products - RS-EBVS) on the one hand, and the state-of-the-art ecological models, on the other.</p> <p>This Zenodo repository contains the <strong>BD Pilot 3 Invasive Alien Species Modelling & Mapping</strong> products and product description.</p>
Fig. 3 in Seed dispersal effectiveness: A comparison of four bird species feeding on seeds of invasive Acacia cyclops in South Africa
Fig. 3. Geographic distribution (i.e. green colour) of the studied bird species in Southern Africa, namely, the frugivorous (a) Knysna turaco Tauraco corythaix, and (b) the red-winged starling Onychognathus morio, (c) the granivorous red-eyed dove Streptopelia semitorquata, and (d) the laughing dove S.senegalensis (SABAP 2 http://www.adu.org.za/ accessed 23 June 2015).
Fig. 2 in Seed dispersal effectiveness: A comparison of four bird species feeding on seeds of invasive Acacia cyclops in South Africa
Fig. 2. Seed dispersal effectiveness (i.e. a product of germination rates (quality) and average adult body mass as proxy for seed load (quantity) for different bird species that ingested seeds of Acacia cyclops: the frugivorous Knysna turaco Tauraco corythaix, and the red-winged starling Onychognathus morio, the granivorous red-eyed dove Streptopelia semitorquata, and the laughing dove S. senegalensis. Different letters above the bars show statistically significant difference. Error bars show standard error of mean.
Fig. 1 in Seed dispersal effectiveness: A comparison of four bird species feeding on seeds of invasive Acacia cyclops in South Africa
Fig. 1. Seed dispersal quality (i.e. mean germination rates % ± SE) for untreated (experimental control) and gut-passed Acacia cyclops seeds through different bird species:the frugivorous Knysna turaco Tauraco corythaix, and the red-winged starling Onychognathus morio, the granivorous red-eyed dove Streptopelia semitorquata, and the laughing dove S. senegalensis. Different letters above the bars show statistically significant difference. Error bars show standard error of mean.
Data from: Spatial modeling improves understanding patterns of invasive species defoliation by a biocontrol herbivore
Spatial modeling has proven to be useful in understanding the drivers of plant populations in the field of ecology, but has yet to be applied to understanding variation in biocontrol impact. In this study, we employ multi-scale analysis (Moran's Eigenvector Maps) to better understand the variation in tree canopy exposed to defoliation by a biocontrol beetle (Diorhabda spp.). The control of the exotic tree Tamarix in riparian areas has long been a priority for land managers and ecologists in the American southwest. Diorhabda spp. was introduced as a bio-control agent beginning in 2001 and has since become an inseparable part of Tamarix-dominated river systems in the southwest. Between 2013 and 2016 tamarisk dieback was assessed at 79 sites across Grand County, Utah, arguably the epicenter of Diorhabda impact in the U.S. Canopy cover of Tamarix was between 73%-81% at these sites, with the percent that was live cover fluctuating by year with a minimum of 42%. Using a traditional general linear model, we found that readily and commonly measured environmental factors could explain only up to 26% of the variation in Tamarix live canopy each year, including that number of defoliations was correlated with an increase rather than a decrease in percent live canopy, suggesting compensatory growth. Spatial structure alone explained 22-40% of variation. We found fine scale spatial structure at less than 10 km and broad scale spatial structure from 10-30 km. Combining both traditional and novel spatial statistical methods we increased that percentage to 43-63%, depending on year. These results suggest that scientists and land managers must look beyond commonly measured environmental variables to explain non-random biocontrol impact in this system. In particular, this study points to the potential for biotic interactions and variation in flood cycles for further exploration of the identified spatial structure.
Data from: Population-specific responses to an invasive species
Predicting the impacts of non-native species remains a challenge. As populations of a species are genetically and phenotypically variable, the impact of non-native species on local taxa could crucially depend on population-specific traits and adaptations of both native and non-native species. Bitterling fishes are brood parasites of unionid mussels and unionid mussels produce larvae that parasitize fishes. We used common garden experiments to measure three key elements in the bitterling–mussel association among two populations of an invasive mussel (Anodonta woodiana) and four populations of European bitterling (Rhodeus amarus). The impact of the invasive mussel varied between geographically distinct R. amarus lineages and between local populations within lineages. The capacity of parasitic larvae of the invasive mussel to exploit R. amarus was higher in a Danubian than in a Baltic R. amarus lineage and in allopatric than in sympatric R. amarus populations. Maladaptive oviposition by R. amarus into A. woodiana varied among populations, with significant population-specific consequences for R. amarus recruitment. We suggest that variation in coevolutionary states may predispose different populations to divergent responses. Given that coevolutionary relationships are ubiquitous, population-specific attributes of invasive and native populations may play a critical role in the outcome of invasion. We argue for a shift from a species-centred to population-centred perspective of the impacts of invasions.
Data from: A mistletoe tale: postglacial invasion of Psittacanthus schiedeanus (Loranthaceae) to Mesoamerican cloud forests revealed by molecular data and species distribution modeling
Background: Ecological adaptation to host taxa is thought to result in mistletoe speciation via race formation. However, historical and ecological factors could also contribute to explain genetic structuring particularly when mistletoe host races are distributed allopatrically. Using sequence data from nuclear (ITS) and chloroplast (trnL-F) DNA, we investigate the genetic differentiation of 31 Psittacanthus schiedeanus (Loranthaceae) populations across the Mesoamerican species range. We conducted phylogenetic, population and spatial genetic analyses on 274 individuals of P. schiedeanus to gain insight of the evolutionary history of these populations. Species distribution modeling, isolation with migration and Bayesian inference methods were used to infer the evolutionary transition of mistletoe invasion, in which evolutionary scenarios were compared through posterior probabilities. Results: Our analyses revealed shallow levels of population structure with three genetic groups present across the sample area. Nine haplotypes were identified after sequencing the trnL-F intergenic spacer. These haplotypes showed phylogeographic structure, with three groups with restricted gene flow corresponding to the distribution of individuals/populations separated by habitat (cloud forest localities from San Luis Potosí to northwestern Oaxaca and Chiapas, localities with xeric vegetation in central Oaxaca, and localities with tropical deciduous forests in Chiapas), with post-glacial population expansions and potentially corresponding to post-glacial invasion types. Similarly, 44 ITS ribotypes suggest phylogeographic structure, despite the fact that most frequent ribotypes are widespread indicating effective nuclear gene flow via pollen. Gene flow estimates, a significant genetic signal of demographic expansion, and range shifts under past climatic conditions predicted by species distribution modeling suggest post-glacial invasion of P. schiedeanus mistletoes to cloud forests. However, Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) analyses strongly supported a scenario of simultaneous divergence among the three groups isolated recently. Conclusions: Our results provide support for the predominant role of isolation and environmental factors in driving genetic differentiation of Mesoamerican parrot-flower mistletoes. The ABC results are consistent with a scenario of post-glacial mistletoe invasion, independent of host identity, and that habitat types recently isolated P. schiedeanus populations, accumulating slight phenotypic differences among genetic groups due to recent migration across habitats. Under this scenario, climatic fluctuations throughout the Pleistocene would have altered the distribution of suitable habitat for mistletoes throughout Mesoamerica leading to variation in population continuity and isolation. Our findings add to an understanding of the role of recent isolation and colonization in shaping cloud forest communities in the region.
Data from: Cryptic species, native populations and biological invasions by a eucalypt forest pathogen
Human associated introduction of pathogens and consequent invasions are very evident in areas where no related organisms existed before. In areas where related but distinct populations or closely related cryptic species already exist, the invasion process is much harder to unravel. In this study, the population structure of the Eucalyptus leaf pathogen Teratosphaeria nubilosa was studied within its native range in Australia, including both commercial plantations and native forests. A collection of 521 isolates from across its distribution was characterized using eight microsatellite loci, resulting in 112 multilocus haplotypes (MLH). Multivariate and Bayesian analyses of the population conducted in STRUCTURE revealed three genetically isolated groups (A, B and C), with no evidence for recombination or hybridization among groups, even when they co-occur in the same plantation. DNA sequence data of the ITS (n=32), β-tubulin (n=32) and 27 anonymous loci (n=16) were consistent with microsatellite data in suggesting that T. nubilosa should be considered as a species complex. Patterns of genetic diversity provided evidence of biological invasions by the pathogen within Australia in the states of Western Australia and New South Wales, and helped unravel the pattern of invasion beyond Australia into New Zealand, Brazil and Uruguay. No significant genetic differences in pathogen populations collected in native forests and commercial plantations were observed. This emphasizes the importance of sanitation in the acquisition of nursery stock for the establishment of commercial plantations.
Data from: Standing genetic diversity and selection at functional gene loci are associated with differential invasion success in two non-native fish species
Invasive species are expected to experience a unique combination of high genetic drift due to demographic factors while also experiencing strong selective pressures. The paradigm that reduced genetic diversity should limit the evolutionary potential of invasive species and thus their potential for range expansion has received little empirical support, possibly due to the choice of genetic markers. Our goal was to test for effects of genetic drift and selection at functional genetic markers as they relate to the invasion success of two paired invasive goby species, one widespread (successful) and one with limited range expansion (less successful). We genotyped fish using two marker types: single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in known-function, protein-coding genes and microsatellites to contrast the effects of neutral genetic processes. We identified reduced allelic variation in the invaded range for the less-successful tubenose goby. SNPs putatively under selection were responsible for the observed differences in population structure between marker types for round goby (successful) but not tubenose goby (less successful). A higher proportion of functional loci experienced divergent selection for round goby, suggesting increased evolutionary potential in invaded ranges may be associated with round goby's greater invasion success. Genes involved in thermal tolerance were divergent for round goby populations but not tubenose goby, consistent with the hypothesis that invasion success for fish in temperate regions is influenced by capacity for thermal tolerance. Our results highlight the need to incorporate functional genetic markers in studies to better assess evolutionary potential for the improved conservation and management of species.
Habitat alteration facilitates the dominance of invasive species through disrupting niche partitioning in floodplain wetlands
<p>Aim: Exotic species invasion often leads to declines in local and regional biodiversity, particularly in freshwater ecosystems. This biodiversity loss is generally facilitated by human activities such as land cover change and hydrological alternation. Recent advances in stable isotope analysis (SIA) have been highlighted in many studies addressing fundamental issues in invasion ecology, especially in quantifying competition for resources between native and exotic species. However, how anthropogenic disturbance influences trophic relationships among invasive and native species remains poorly understood.</p> <p>Location: Middle-lower Yangtze River region, China</p> <p>Methods: To investigate the effects of human disturbance on interspecific trophic interactions, this study compared isotopic niche space and overlap of the introduced red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and the native oriental river shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense) and freshwater snail (Bellamya aeruginosa) in natural and modified wetlands.</p> <p>Results: Based on carbon and nitrogen SIA, we found ubiquitous niche shifts in macroinvertebrates with increased competition, which might lead to significant niche contraction in modified habitats at both community and population scales. Moreover, the isotopic niche width of the exotic crayfish was twice as larger as that of natives at both habitats, suggesting that the exotic P. clarkii had great competitive superiority over the native species. However, the effects of habitat modification on niche overlap were inconsistent. While the niche overlap between crayfish and shrimp was significantly higher in modified habitats than in natural open waters, niche overlap between crayfish and the snail was significantly reduced.</p> <p>Main conclusions: Collectively, our findings highlight that the competitive outcomes of interspecific trophic interactions can be dependent on the prey availability and diversity, which embraces both the classic optimal foraging theory and competition theory to understand how environmental change, such as habitat alternation, affects the biological invasion processes.</p>
Invasion disharmony in the global biogeography of native and non-native beetle species
<p>These data consist of a comprehensive list (as of 2020) of all known non-native Coleoptera (beetle) species established in 10 world regions: North America (excluding Mexico), Japan, the Okinawa and Ogasawara Islands, the Hawaiian Islands, South Korea, Europe (including the European part of Russia), New Zealand, Australia, and the Galapagos Islands. It does not include species that were known to have been intentionally introduced, species that failed to establish or species that only exist indoors (e.g., in greenhouses). Taxonomy of each species was verified using the GBIF backbone taxonomy.</p> <p>We also include tables summarizing numbers of Coleoptera species in each family for both native and non-native species established in each of the 10 regions</p>
Data from: Evolution of starvation resistance in an invasive insect species, Aethina tumida (Coleoptera: Nitidulidae)
<p>Starvation resistance, or the ability to survive periods without food, can shed light on selection pressure imposed by food scarcity, including chances to invade new regions as a result of human transport. Surprisingly little information is known about starvation resistance for invasive insect species. Given that native and invasive populations differ in starvation resistance, this would suggest different selection scenarios and adaptive shifts fostering invasion success. Here, we show striking differences in starvation resistance of adult small hive beetles Aethina tumida (SHB) between native and invasive populations. In the laboratory, starvation resistance of freshly-emerged laboratory-reared and field-collected adult females and males was evaluated in the beetle's native African range and in their invasive North American range. SHB in their native African range survived longer than SHB in their invasive North American range. Across ranges, females survived longer than males. Field-collected SHB survived in Africa longer than freshly-emerged ones, but not in the invasive range. This suggests no selection for starvation resistance in the invasive range, possibly due to differences between African and European-derived honey bee hosts facilitating a tradeoff scenario between reproduction and starvation resistance. The ability of adult females to survive up to two months without food appears to be one factor contributing to the invasion success of this species. Assuming food availability is usually high in the invasive ranges, and trade-offs between starvation resistance and fecundity/reproduction are common, it seems as if selection for starvation resistance during transport could set up potential trade-offs that enhance reproduction after invasion. It would be interesting to see if this is a possible general pattern for invasive insect species.</p>
A trait‐based approach predicting community assembly and dominance of microbial invasive species
<p>Understanding the mechanisms underlying community assembly helps to define success and susceptibility to biological invasions. A methodological approach to this aim is to use trait-based approaches. Under the hypothesis that the morphology-based functional groups (MBFG) clusters species with similar niche we analyse how trait-related differences in fitness influence the outcome of invasion. The invasive dinoflagellate <i>Ceratium furcoides</i> (CF) can be used as the model species considering its morphological (e.g. volume) and physiological traits (e.g. growth rates) comparing with species from the same (MBFG V) and different (MBFG VII: colonial cyanobacteria) MBFG. Here we present the information needed to apply this approach with similar or different questions including information from two aquatic environments from South America: the first one located in Argentina (Miní flood-plain Lake) and the second one in Uruguay (Salto Grande Reservoir). Phytoplankton morphological traits measured from field samples, along with richness, abundance, biovolume and environmental variables are presented. Phytoplankton individuals and species are classified in terms of MBFG and focus on the invasive species <i>Ceratium furcoides</i>. The literature derived information includes growth rates with temperature for phytoplankton species classified in MBFG V including <i>Ceratium furcoides</i>.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.