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FIGURE 5 in Two New Taxa of Goniasteridae (Asteroidea, Echinodermata) and Noteworthy Observations of Deep-Sea Asteroidea by the NOAA Ship Okeanos Explorer in the North and Tropical Atlantic
FIGURE 5. Atheraster sp. undescribed. Hopscotch seamount, North Atlantic, 2501 m.
Code & Data for: High frequency Faraday rotation observations of the solar corona
<p>Published in 2007, Elizabeth A. Jensen's disseration included several appendices. Appendix F consisted of CDs with the raw radio frequency data used for the analysis and MATLAB processing codes. Appendix C consisted of total electron content data collected during portions of the observing via Differenced Range Versus Integrated Doppler. The receiving antenna array was the Deep Space Network in Goldstone, CA.</p> <p>Source Manuscript: Proquest Dissertations And Theses 2007. Section 0031, Part 0606 264 pages; [Ph.D. dissertation].United States -- California: University of California, Los Angeles; 2007. Publication Number: AAT 3268543. Source: DAI-B 68/06, Dec 2007. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007PhDT.........4J/abstract</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>The million degree solar corona generates the solar wind that in turn controls the Earth's "space weather". The solar coronal magnetic field within 0.25AU (60 solar radii) plays a critical role in the acceleration but is largely "invisible", and can presently only be measured by the Faraday rotation of high frequency electromagnetic radiation. Faraday rotation is the observed rotation in the plane of polarization of an EM wave as it traverses a magnetized medium. The amount of observed Faraday rotation is the integration along the propagation direction of the product of the component of the magnetic field parallel to the propagation vector and the electron density.</p> <p>Faraday rotation is clearly useful for measuring the solar coronal magnetic field. As a remote observation, Faraday rotation measurements require careful consideration of the medium in the analysis. This thesis details the theory of Faraday rotation, previous experiments observing Faraday rotation using the carrier signal from a spacecraft in superior conjunction, the equipment used for the Cassini Faraday rotation observations, the signal analysis and steps taken to acquire a Faraday rotation observation from radio frequency data, the model used to fit the observations, all ancillary data required for these steps, and all the code created for this purpose. The data and code are provided in the attached DVD media.</p> <p>All previous Faraday rotation experiments observed coronal mass ejections (CMEs) producing either 'W' or sigmoid features. These observations are reproduced herein using a Taylor-state flux-rope model crossing the line of sight at different sizes, twist, and orientations, showing that Faraday rotation can be used to measure the magnetic field of CMEs.</p> <p>Using a forward model to fit Faraday rotation and columnar electron density observations, a first order investigation into force balance in the solar corona was conducted. From these fits, the gradients in the magnetic and thermal pressure and the gravitational force per volume were calculated. For the solar wind to escape the gravitational force of the Sun, the magnetic and thermal pressure gradients must dominate. We show from the fits on 2002 June 20 that small adjustments to the PFSS model can provide the necessary magnetic field strengths to supply the needed pressure for solar wind flow; however, the fits from June 21st cannot. The closest approach of the June 21st measurements were all below the source surface of 2.5 solar radii indicating a problem in the use of the PFSS model to determine the structure of the coronal magnetic field below the source surface.</p> <p>Large amplitude 4 minute period Alfven waves have been observed in Helios and Cassini Faraday rotation observations. Using a simple open-ended box model through which magnetohydrodynamic waves can propagate, it is demonstrated that the combination of Faraday rotation and columnar electron density observations can distinguish Alfven waves due to their lack of fluid perturbation. It is also shown that the 2nd harmonic in the Faraday rotation observations is the result of the electron density fluctuation in the magnetosonic (fast and slow) modes. This demonstrates that previous Helios observations producing the 2nd harmonic were MHD magnetosonic waves. Cassini's observation of an Alfven wave is modeled to determine the amplitude of the magnetic perturbation. If we assume that these waves are continuously generated in all directions then the wave energy flux is 1.6 × 10 19 W; for comparison, the kinetic energy flux of the solar wind at 1AU is 1.7 × 10 20 W.</p> <p>With better technology and the maturity of 3D tomography, the solar radioscience community is experiencing a resurgence of interest in the phenomenon of Faraday rotation. This thesis demonstrates that Faraday rotation can be used to determine the magnetic structure of CMEs, the solar wind, and MHD waves propagating from the solar corona. These observations enable us to predict the geoeffectiveness of a CME, study force balance in the solar wind, and measure magnetic energy flux in important regions such as the solar wind acceleration region. </p>
Model Data for Doubly Periodic SCREAM Comparison with ARM Observations
<p>Includes the SAM LES, E3SM SCM, and DP-SCREAM simulations used in the study.</p>
Observation Bias in Metabarcoding
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Fig. 61 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 61. Geryonia proboscidalis. (A) Lateral view of whole, mature animal observed 26-MAR-2019. (B) Bell margin of immature specimen (BFLA4029), bell size approximately 10 mm. Note centripetal canals and the two types of tentacles.
Fig. 58 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 58. Aglaura hemistoma. (A-B) Sample BFLA3808, bell size 2 mm, oblique views from oral side. The statocysts can be seen in B as tiny, bright spots along the ball margin. (C) Animal photographed 20-AUG-2018, bell size 3 mm. (D) BFLA4214, bell size 2 mm, lateral view.
Fig. 28. 16S in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 28. 16S maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree of Laodiceidae, Hebellidae, and Orchistomatidae, obtained with PhyML (GTR+G+I model) and based on about 600 bp positions of the mitochondrial 16S gene. Node-support values are bootstrap values of 100 pseudoreplicates (shown only if> 70%). All sequence labels start with the GenBank numbers (except for identical haplotypes) permitting the retrieval of more information. Red labels are new sequences from this study.
Fig. 24 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 24. Corymorpha forbesii, bell size ca. 2 mm (A) BFLA4045. (B) Specimen photographed in 24-JUN-2019.
Fig. 38 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 38. Aequorea neocyanea new name. (A-C) BFLA4085, bell diameter 60 mm. (A) Oblique view from below. (B) Aboral view. (C) Bell margin with tentacles and their bulbs. (D) BFLA4083, bell diameter 42 mm, young animal with beginning gonad development. (E) BFLA4043, bell margin. (F) BFLA4236, bell margin, the green dots are not a pigment but likely due interference effects. (G) BFLA4236, mouth region with short fimbria. (H) BFLA3783, bell margin. (I) BFLA3783, tentacles after fixation in formalin.
Fig. 14 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 14. Proboscidactyla ornata. Note that the usage of a flash brightens very much the exumbrellar nematocysts. (A-C) BFLA4357, bell size 5 mm, mature female, note that there are five radial canals leaving the manubrium. (D) BFLA4349, bell size 4 mm, subadult (?). (E) BFLA4356, bell size 4 mm, male. (F) Medusa photographed 13-MAR-2020, not collected, bell size 4 mm, note regular arrangement of exumbrellar nematocysts patches. (G) BFLA4354, bell size 4 mm, a layer of unidentified green particles is covering the subumbrella.
Fig. 12. Protiaropsis anonyma, specimen BFLA4037, bell height 12 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 12. Protiaropsis anonyma, specimen BFLA4037, bell height 12 mm. (A) Lateral view of animal with amphipod prey in its stomach. (B) Manubrium at other angle, note cruciform base. (C) Bell margin.
Fig. 4. Cirrhitiara superba, specimen BFLA4087, bell height 7 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 4. Cirrhitiara superba, specimen BFLA4087, bell height 7 mm. (A-B) Lateral view. (C-D) Close up of bell margin, note cirri (arrow in C).
Fig. 1 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 1. Bougainvillia spec. of 14-NOV-2018, bell height 5 mm (A) Lateral view of whole animal. (B) Oral view.
Fig. 23 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 23. Zancleopsis dichotoma, large form, sizes refer to the total bell height, including the apical process. (A-C) BFLA4467, size 12 mm, female, note in B that one of the short tentacles lacks a terminal knob. (D) BFLA4436, size 10 mm, part of long tentacles with capitate side branches. (E) BFLA4408, size 15 mm, close up of manubrium with male gonads. (F) Animal observed 11-APR-2019, size approximately 10-15 mm.
Fig. 34 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 34. Orchistoma pileus. (A-B) BFLA3785, bell diameter 12 mm, female. (C) BFLA4183, bell diameter 26 mm, bell margin of a mature animal, note irregular radial canals, likely due to healed damage. (D) BFLA3810, bell diameter 18 mm, male. (E) BFLA3813, bell diameter 20 mm. (F) BFLA4132, note curling of long tentacles.
Fig. 13 in Hydromedusae observed during night dives in the Gulf Stream
Fig. 13. Thecocodium quadratum, females. (A) Specimen photographed 21-JUL-2018. Lateral view of whole animal. (B) BFLA4461, an apparently fully mature female.
Observations of Earth Quasi-Satellite (469219) Kamo`oalewa
<p>Companion dataset to Sharkey et al. (2021).</p>
Ghost in the machine or monkey with a typewriter - generation of Christmas BMJ titles using artificial intelligence: an observational study
<p>Datasets and analysis scripts used in this paper</p>
Data for the article entitled "Strongly Coupled Data Assimilation of Ocean Observations into an Ocean-Atmosphere Model" by Tang et al. 2021, GRL
<p>We stored the output data for the free run and the data assimilation experiments. All the data is stored in netCDF format and named by XX1_ensmean_XX2_monmean.nc. The prefix XX1 indicates the simulation scenarios, where 'free_run' refers to the free run, 'wcda' the weakly coupled assimilation run, 'scda' the strongly coupled data assimilation run without vertical localization for atmosphere, and 'scda_vert' the strongly coupled assimilation run with vertical localization for atmosphere. The XX2 represents variables from the simulations, where 'temp2' refers to 2 meter temperature, 'u10' 10 metre U wind component, 'v10' 10 metre V wind component, 'st_p' temperature at pressure levels, 'uv_p' U and V component of wind at pressure levels, and 'q_p' specific humidity at pressure levels.</p>
DYT-TUBB4A (DYT4 dystonia): new clinical and genetic observations
<p>Objective: To report four novel TUBB4A mutations leading to laryngeal and cervical dystonia with frequent generalization.</p> <p>Background: DYT-TUBB4A, formerly known as DYT4, has only been described in one large family and two individual cases. The clinical picture highlighted in the original family comprises laryngeal and cervical dystonia extending to generalized dystonia, plus a "hobby horse" gait disorder. The variant identified as causative in the original family was a heterozygous missense mutation R2G in exon 1 of the TUBB4A gene.</p> <p>Methods: We screened four families including a total of eleven definitely affected members with a clinical picture resembling the original description.</p> <p>Results: Four novel variants in the TUBB4A gene have been identified: D295N, R46M, Q424H, R121W. In silico modeling showed that all variants have similar characteristics to R2G. The variants segregate with the disease in three of the families with evidence of incomplete penetrance in two of them. All four variants would be classified as likely pathogenic. The clinical picture particularly included laryngeal dystonia (often the site of onset), associated with cervical and upper limb dystonia and frequent generalization. Laryngeal dystonia was extremely prevalent (>90%) both in the original cases and in this case series. The "hobby horse" gait was evident in only one patient in this case series. Interpretation: laryngeal involvement is a hallmark feature of DYT-TUBB4A. Nevertheless, TUBB4A mutations remain an exceedingly rare cause of laryngeal or other isolated dystonia.</p>
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.