Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 13 in Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation

Fig. 13. Changes in distribution affecting Red List status due to the updated classification of cone snails from West Africa. A. The case of Africonus crotchii (Reeve, 1849) as an example of an increase in range distribution, and thus an estimated decrease on its risk status. B. The case of Kalloconus ateralbus (Kiener, 1850) as an example of a decrease in range distribution, and thus an estimated increase on its risk status.

Fig. 11. A. Conus mercator Linnaeus, 1758 in Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation

Fig. 11. A. Conus mercator Linnaeus, 1758, lectotype, 24.0 mm (LSL 254). B. Varioconus mercator (Linnaeus, 1758) comb. nov., 34.7 mm (MNCN 15.05/78482). C. Varioconus mercator f. stimpsonorum (Cossignani & Allary, 2019), 39.1 mm (MNCN 15.05/78419). D. Lautoconus fernandi Petuch & Berschauer, 2018, holotype, 35.4 mm (MNHN IM-2000-34012). E. Lautoconus gambiensis Petuch & Berschauer, 2018, holotype, 21.6 mm (MNHN IM-2000-34013). F. Lautoconus rikae Petuch & Berschauer, 2018, holotype, 17.9 mm (MNHN IM-2000-34014). G. Conus orri (Ninomiya & da Motta, 1982), paratype, 30.1 mm (SNMS ZI0091234). H. Conus reticulatus Born, 1778, lectotype, 25 mm (NHMW Mollusca 14159). I. Varioconus reticulatus (Born, 1778) comb. nov., 29.5 mm (MNCN 15.05/78439). J. Conus tacomae Boyer & Pelorce, 2009, holotype, 17 mm (MNHN IM-2000- 21046). K. Conus trencarti Nolf & Verstraeten, 2008, holotype, 26.3 mm (MNHN IM-2000-21455). L. Varioconus unifasciatus (Kiener, 1850) comb. nov., 39.8 mm (MNCN 15.05/78451). Scale bars = 10 mm.

Fig. 3 in Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation

Fig. 3 (opposite page). A. Africonus antoniaensis Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2014, 14.5 mm (MNCN 15.05/79889). B. Conus antoniomonteiroi Rolán, 1990, holotype, 16.8 mm (MNCN 15.05/1100). C. Conus bellulus Rolán, 1990, holotype, 18.9 mm (MNCN 15.05/1098). D. Conus boavistensis Rolán & Fernandes in Rolán, 1990, holotype, 13.2 mm (MNCN, 15.05/1089). E. Africonus borgesi (Trovão, 1979), 30.5 mm (MNCN 15.05/88646). F. Conus navarroi calhetae Rolán, 1990, holotype, 26.8 mm (MNCN 15.05/1096). G. Conus crotchii Reeve, 1849, neotype, 22.5 mm (MNCN 15.05/79971). H. Conus irregularis G.B. Sowerby II, 1858, lectotype, 28.3 mm (NHMUK 197871/1). I. Africonus cuneolus (Reeve, 1843), 28.2 mm (MNCN, 15.05/79712). J. Conus curralensis Rolán, 1986, holotype, 17 mm (MNCN 15.05/1010). K. Africonus damottai (Trovão, 1979), 18.2 mm (MNCN 15.05/80401). L. Africonus decoratus (Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1980), 23.1 mm (MNCN 15.05/78589). M. Africonus delanoyae (Trovão, 1979), 27.6 mm (MNCN 15.05/80397). N. Africonus denizi Afonso & Tenorio, 2011, holotype, 11.6 mm (MNCN 15.05/60000). O. Conus diminutus Trovão & Rolán, 1986, neotype, 14.8 mm (MNCN 15.05/80416). P. Africonus espingueirensis Cossignani & Fiadeiro, 2017, holotype, 9.7 mm (MMM). Scale bars = 10 mm

Fig. 12 in Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation

Fig. 12. Stacked bar charts of the accumulated number of species described in the period 1974–2020 before (A) and after (B) revision, showing the contribution to the total number of species of the Cabo Verde endemics (blue), Angola endemics (red) and the remaining species from West Africa (green). Note that Angolan cone endemics still await a thorough genetic revision.

Fig. 1 in Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation

Fig. 1. Cumulative number of described (red) and valid or provisionally valid (blue) West African cone species per year after revision.

Fig. 5 in Taxonomic revision of West African cone snails (Gastropoda: Conidae) based upon mitogenomic studies: implications for conservation

Fig. 5 (opposite page). A–J, M. Africonus insulae sp. nov. A–B. Holotype (dorsal and ventral views), 23.9 mm (MNCN 15.05/78581). C. Paratype 1, 20.0 mm (MNCN 15.05/78585). D. Paratype 2, 18.8 mm (MNHN IM-2000-35016). E. Paratype 3, 16.2 mm (MNCN 15.05/78586). F. Paratype 4, 24.1 mm (MNCN 15.05/78579). G. Paratype 5, 19.1mm (MNCN 15.05/78590). H. Paratype 6, 23.0 mm (MNCN 15.05/78582). I. Paratype 7, 22.6 mm (MNCN 15.05/78584). J. Paratype 8, 24.9 mm (UCV 2019/00015). K. Africonus curralensis (Rolán, 1986), 23.0 mm (MNCN 15.05/78591). L. Africonus decoratus (Röckel, Rolán & Monteiro, 1980), 30.5 mm (MNCN 15.05/78578). M. Radular tooth, Africonus insulae sp. nov., Curral, Santa Luzia Island, Cabo Verde (MJT), SL = 29.2 mm. Scale bars = 10 mm unless otherwise indicated.

Figures 10-11 from: Zan ND, Sarbini A, Taha H, Tan IV, Azri A, Kahar R, Metali F, Ahmad N, Arai T (2020) Occurrence and ecological implication of a tropical anguillid eel, Anguilla marmorata, in Brunei Darussalam, Borneo Island. Zoologia 37: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e39468

Figures 10-11 Phylogenetic maximum likelihood tree using the mtDNA COI of Anguilla marmorata and other Anguilla species from the GenBank database with indicated accession numbers (10). Serrivomer sector was used as outgroup. The bootstrap proportions are shown next to the branches. Scale refers to evolutionary distance and in the unit of number of base substitutions per site. Haplotype network constructed with Anguilla marmorata mtDNA COI sequences (11). Each colour represents a sample site. The size of the circle is proportional to the number of samples that belong to each haplotype. Different haplotypes are labelled as H1 to H11. Each dash, which appears on the line that connects two haplotypes together, symbolizes one mutational step.

Figures 2-9 from: Zan ND, Sarbini A, Taha H, Tan IV, Azri A, Kahar R, Metali F, Ahmad N, Arai T (2020) Occurrence and ecological implication of a tropical anguillid eel, Anguilla marmorata, in Brunei Darussalam, Borneo Island. Zoologia 37: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e39468

Figures 2-9 Adult specimens (2, 3) and their teeth (4, 5) and gross morphologies (6, 7) and histological sections (8, 9) of the gonads of tropical anguillid eels, Anguilla marmorata, that were collected in Brunei Darussalam, Borneo Island: (2) BE-1, A. marmorata (962 mm in TL); (3) BE-2, A. marmorata (1352 mm in TL); (4) Narrow maxillary bands of teeth of BE-1; (5) Narrow maxillary bands of teeth of BE-2. The gonadal histology of Stage III (8; BE-1) showed oocytes with oil droplets mid-vitellogenic oocytes in the early maturation stage. The gonadal histology of Stage V (9; BE-2) showed mid-vitellogenic oocytes (arrows) in the final preparation for spawning. Gross morphologies of the gonads (6, 7) are indicated by arrows. Scale bars: 8, 9 = 50 µm.

Figure 1 from: Zan ND, Sarbini A, Taha H, Tan IV, Azri A, Kahar R, Metali F, Ahmad N, Arai T (2020) Occurrence and ecological implication of a tropical anguillid eel, Anguilla marmorata, in Brunei Darussalam, Borneo Island. Zoologia 37: 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/zoologia.37.e39468

Figure 1 Map showing the collection sites of a tropical anguillid eel Anguilla marmorata in Brunei Darussalam, Borneo Island and in the Bonin Islands, tropical islands of Japan. The location of the offshore spawning area of A. marmorata in North Pacific population (green ellipse) with the oceanic currents (blue lines) from the spawning area is shown. Black circles on the map indicate the sampling location.

Fig. 2 in New acoustic and molecular data shed light on the poorly known Amazonian frog Adenomera simonstuarti (Leptodactylidae): implications for distribution and conservation

Fig. 2. Geographic distribution of the Adenomera simonstuarti species complex in northwestern South America; genetic lineage 3 corresponds to the nominal species. Phylogenetic relationships among the eight lineages are shown on the upper right. Black solid-filled symbols represent the localities reported in the original description (square = type locality at Camisea, Peru; circle = Pando, Bolivia). Blackdotted symbols indicate newly collected specimens from the Juruá River in the Brazilian Amazonia.

Fig. 1 in New acoustic and molecular data shed light on the poorly known Amazonian frog Adenomera simonstuarti (Leptodactylidae): implications for distribution and conservation

Fig. 1. Bayesian phylogenetic tree of Adenomera Steindachner, 1867 inferred from a concatenated dataset of four genes (two mitochondrial + two nuclear), showing the eight major clades delimited by colors. The emphasis on the diversification within the A. simonstuarti species complex shows a deep genetic divergence, with eight distinct lineages (see Fig. 2 for geographic distribution). Symbols above branches indicate posterior probabilities of Bayesian inference (BI) and those below branches indicate bootstraps of maximum likelihood inference (ML). Low support values (BI <80 and ML <70) were omitted. Branch scale is indicated in number of substitution per site.

Fig. 5 in New acoustic and molecular data shed light on the poorly known Amazonian frog Adenomera simonstuarti (Leptodactylidae): implications for distribution and conservation

Fig. 5. Advertisement calls of (A–B) nominal Adenomera simonstuarti (Angulo & Icochea, 2010) (= genetic lineage 3) from the upper Juruá River, in southwestern Amazonia of the Brazilian state of Acre (voucher INPA-H 40976), and (C–D) the sympatric Adenomera sp. from Camisea, in the Region of Cusco, Peru (voucher MUSM 18219). A. Time-domain section containing a multi-note call (18 notes). B. Spectrogram and oscillogram of three notes (5th–7th) from the call in A. C. Time-domain section of two males in antiphonal calling (single-note calls). D. Spectrogram and oscillogram of the 4th note in C. Figures are equally scaled (ca 4.5 s on the x-axis of A and C, each marking corresponding to 1.0 s).

Fig. 4 in New acoustic and molecular data shed light on the poorly known Amazonian frog Adenomera simonstuarti (Leptodactylidae): implications for distribution and conservation

Fig. 4. Specimens of the genetic lineage 2 related to Adenomera simonstuarti (Angulo & Icochea, 2010) from the lower Juruá River, in Juruá, Brazilian state of Amazonas. A−B. Dorsolateral view of the adult male, SVL = 22.6 mm (INPA-H 39792) and the adult female, SVL = 26.1 mm (INPA-H 39814), respectively. C−D. Dorsal and ventral views of the female shown in B. Photographs by L.J.C.L. Moraes. Scale bar = 25 mm.

opennotspecifiedDec 2009View details →

Fig. 3 in New Insights Into the Brain, Braincase, and Ear Region of Tyrannosaurs (Dinosauria, Theropoda), with Implications for Sensory Organization and Behavior

Fig. 3. (cont.)

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

APPENDIX 2 in On the morphology of the astragalus and calcaneus of the amphicyonids (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Europe: implications for the ecology of the European bear-dogs

APPENDIX 2. — Body mass (in kg and g) estimated on the basis of dental material for the amphicyonid species known in the Paleogene of Europe, with indication of their stratigraphic distribution (MP levels). Only the species with accurate stratigraphic records are considered. Estimations realized in the framework of the Brain Pioneer BR/175/PI/CARNAGES of the Federal Science Policy Office of Belgium (BELSPO).

opencc-zeroJul 2020View details →

FIG. 1 in On the morphology of the astragalus and calcaneus of the amphicyonids (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Europe: implications for the ecology of the European bear-dogs

FIG. 1. — Location map of Aubrelong (France; Rupelian, MP21) where the new fossils of Cynodictis lacustris were found. The Quercy area is composed of the Lot Department and part of the Tarn-et-Garonne.

opencc-zeroDec 2019View details →

R in On the morphology of the astragalus and calcaneus of the amphicyonids (Carnivora, Mammalia) from the Paleogene of Europe: implications for the ecology of the European bear-dogs

R, lateral view; S, distal view; T, proximal view. Abbreviations: ef, ectal facet; f, foramen; ff, fibular facet; h, head; ll, lateral lip; lp, lateral process; ml, medial lip; n, neck; ppt, proximal plantar tuberosity; ptg, plantar tendon groove; sf, sustentacular facet; sit, sinus of the tarsus; tr, trochlea. Scale bar: 1 cm.

dryad28/100

Contemporary adaptive divergence of plant competitive traits in urban and rural populations and its implication for weed management

1. Competition among neighboring plants plays essential roles in growth, reproduction, population dynamics, and community assembly, but how competition drives local adaptation and the traits underlying the adaptation remain unclear. Here, we focused on populations of the aggressive weed Digitaria ciliaris from urban and rural habitats as low- and high-competition environments for light resources and examined how competitive interaction drove contemporary adaptive divergence of competitive traits. 2. To examine local adaptation to different competitive environments in D. ciliaris and the specific traits that have been selected for, we compared growth rate and competitive traits in plants from farmland and urban populations between high- and low-competition treatments. Furthermore, we conducted a field tillage experiment with drone (UAV) monitoring to examine the possibility that trait evolution in farmland habitats might influence weed management practices in crop fields. 3. Plants from farmland populations had higher growth rates than plants from urban populations in high-competition treatments, and vice versa in low-competition treatments. Among populations, those with larger height/width ratios (farmland populations) were more tolerant of aboveground competition in high-competition treatments, but among individuals, those with larger ratios had lower growth rates in low-competition treatments. More plants from farmland populations, which had thicker stems (and larger height/width ratios), survived after experimental tillage than plants from urban habitats with thinner stems. 4. Synthesis. Our study empirically demonstrated adaptive divergence in competitive traits in aboveground competitors and its underlying traits. Moreover, contemporary adaptive divergence between urban and rural plant populations has practical implications for weed control. The urban–rural model system can thus contribute to both basic and applied research in plant evolutionary ecology. Further research is required to understand adaptive divergence in plants between urban and rural environments, and the traits underlying the adaptation, not only aboveground, but also belowground.

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

opencc-by-4.0Jul 2015View details →

Figure 2 in Helminth fauna of the invasive American red-eared slider Trachemys scripta in eastern Spain: potential implications for the conservation of native terrapins

Figure 2. Parasites found in the American red-eared slider, Trachemys scripta in eastern Spain. (A) Telorchis solivagus; (B) Serpinema microcephalus (anterior part detail); (C) Neopolystoma orbiculare (immature); (D) Neopolystoma orbiculare (adult). Scale bars: A, B, D, 1 mm; C, 0.5 mm.