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Data from: Predicting local adaptation in fragmented plant populations: implications for restoration genetics
Understanding patterns and correlates of local adaptation in heterogeneous landscapes can provide important information in the selection of appropriate seed sources for restoration. We assessed the extent of local adaptation of fitness components in 12 population pairs of the perennial herb Rutidosis leptorrhynchoides (Asteraceae) and examined if spatial scale (0.7 – 600km), environmental distance, quantitative Q_ST and neutral genetic differentiation F_ST, and size of the local and foreign populations could predict patterns of adaptive differentiation. Local adaptation varied among populations and fitness components. Including all population pairs, local adaptation was observed for seedling survival, but not for biomass, while foreign genotype advantage was observed for reproduction (number of inflorescences). Among population pairs, local adaptation increased with Q_ST and local population size for biomass. Q_ST was associated with environmental distance, suggesting ecological selection for phenotypic divergence. However, low F_ST and variation in population structure in small populations demonstrates the interaction of gene flow and drift in constraining local adaptation in R. leptorrhynchoides. Our study indicates that for species in heterogeneous landscapes, collecting seed from large populations from similar environments to candidate sites is likely to provide the most appropriate seed sources for restoration.
Data from: How species evolve collectively: implications of gene flow and selection for the spread of advantageous alleles
The traditional view that species are held together through gene flow has been challenged by observations that migration is too restricted among populations of many species to prevent local divergence. However, only very low levels of gene flow are necessary to permit the spread of highly advantageous alleles, providing an alternative means by which low-migration species might be held together. We re-evaluate these arguments given the recent and wide availability of indirect estimates of gene flow. Our literature review of Fst values for a broad range of taxa suggests that gene flow in many taxa is considerably greater than suspected from earlier studies and often is sufficiently high to homogenize even neutral alleles. However, there are numerous species from essentially all organismal groups that lack sufficient gene flow to prevent divergence. Crude estimates on the strength of selection on phenotypic traits and effect sizes of quantitative trait loci (QTL) suggest that selection coefficients for leading QTL underlying phenotypic traits may be high enough to permit their rapid spread across populations. Thus, species may evolve collectively at major loci through the spread of favourable alleles, while simultaneously differentiating at other loci due to drift and local selection.
Data from: Metabolite profile of a mouse model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2D neuropathy: implications for disease mechanisms and interventions
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease encompasses a genetically heterogeneous class of heritable polyneuropathies that result in axonal degeneration in the peripheral nervous system. Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 2D neuropathy (CMT2D) is caused by dominant mutations in glycyl tRNA synthetase (GARS). Mutations in the mouse Gars gene result in a genetically and phenotypically valid animal model of CMT2D. How mutations in GARS lead to peripheral neuropathy remains controversial. To identify putative disease mechanisms, we compared metabolites isolated from the spinal cord of Gars mutant mice and their littermate controls. A profile of altered metabolites that distinguish the affected and unaffected tissue was determined. Ascorbic acid was decreased fourfold in the spinal cord of CMT2D mice, but was not altered in serum. Carnitine and its derivatives were also significantly reduced in spinal cord tissue of mutant mice, whereas glycine was elevated. Dietary supplementation with acetyl-L-carnitine improved gross motor performance of CMT2D mice, but neither acetyl-L-carnitine nor glycine supplementation altered the parameters directly assessing neuropathy. Other metabolite changes suggestive of liver and kidney dysfunction in the CMT2D mice were validated using clinical blood chemistry. These effects were not secondary to the neuromuscular phenotype, as determined by comparison with another, genetically unrelated mouse strain with similar neuromuscular dysfunction. However, these changes do not seem to be causative or consistent metabolites of CMT2D, because they were not observed in a second mouse Gars allele or in serum samples from CMT2D patients. Therefore, the metabolite 'fingerprint' we have identified for CMT2D improves our understanding of cellular biochemical changes associated with GARS mutations, but identification of efficacious treatment strategies and elucidation of the disease mechanism will require additional studies.
FIGURE 1 in The taxonomic implication of frontal tubercles in Polypedilum subgenera diagnoses, with re-description of Polypedilum isigabeceum Sasa & Suzuki (Diptera, Chironomidae)
FIGURE 1. Holotype photograph of a male head structure of Polypedilum (Polypedilum) isigabeceum.
FIGURE 25. Puliciphora borinquenensis female, abdominal tergites 4–6 in Rudimentary halteres of some flightless female Phoridae (Diptera) reassessed, and some taxonomic implications
FIGURE 25. Puliciphora borinquenensis female, abdominal tergites 4–6. Scale bar = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Discovery of a new basal relict lineage of Madagascan frogs and its implications for mantellid evolution
FIGURE 2. Tsingymantis antitra sp. nov., ventral view, probably of holotype.
FIGURE 1 in Discovery of a new basal relict lineage of Madagascan frogs and its implications for mantellid evolution
FIGURE 1. Tsingymantis antitra sp. nov., dorsolateral view of holotype.
FIGURE 18 in A new species of Te ph rit is Latreille (Diptera: Tephritidae) with an unusual wing pattern from Iran and its taxonomic implications
FIGURE 18. Host plant: Achillea clypeolata, host of Tephritis sahandi.
FIGURE 6 in A relict new species of Oreobates (Anura, Strabomantidae) from the Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and its implication to the biogeography of the genus and that of South American Dry Forests
FIGURE 6. Map of South America, showing distributional records of Oreobates.
FIGURE 1 in A relict new species of Oreobates (Anura, Strabomantidae) from the Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and its implication to the biogeography of the genus and that of South American Dry Forests
FIGURE 1. Holotype of Oreobates remotus sp. nov. (MZUSP 141708): Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views.
FIGURE 7 in A relict new species of Oreobates (Anura, Strabomantidae) from the Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and its implication to the biogeography of the genus and that of South American Dry Forests
FIGURE 7. Map of the current known distribution of Oreobates remotus sp.nov.
FIGURE 3 in Morphological diversity and genetic structure within Lerista kalumburu Storr, 1976 (Squamata: Scincomorpha: Sphenomorphidae) — taxonomic implications
FIGURE 3. Lerista kalumburu in life. Specimen from Theda Station. Photo courtesy of H. Cook.
FIGURES 30–35 in Systematics of Indobaetis Müller-Liebenau & Morihara 1982, and related implications for some other Baetidae genera (Ephemeroptera)
FIGURES 30–35. Indobaetis costai, eggs and their enlarged micropilar areas.
FIGURE 3 in Givetian ostracods of the Candás Formation (Asturias, North-western Spain): taxonomy, stratigraphy, palaeoecology, relationship to global events and palaeogeographical implications
FIGURE 3. (Continued)
FIGURE 3 in Givetian ostracods of the Candás Formation (Asturias, North-western Spain): taxonomy, stratigraphy, palaeoecology, relationship to global events and palaeogeographical implications
FIGURE 3. (Continued)
FIGURE 3 in Givetian ostracods of the Candás Formation (Asturias, North-western Spain): taxonomy, stratigraphy, palaeoecology, relationship to global events and palaeogeographical implications
FIGURE 3. (Continued)
Supplemental package of a study on the implications of AI-based tools for the human aspects of software engineering
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Fig. 56. A in Spermatophores and Spermatophore Producing Internal Organs of Cleridae (Coleoptera: Clerinae): their Biological and Phylogenetic Implications
Fig. 56. A hypothesis of paleogeographic dispersal of progenitors of spermatophoral Clerinae.
Fig. 55 in Spermatophores and Spermatophore Producing Internal Organs of Cleridae (Coleoptera: Clerinae): their Biological and Phylogenetic Implications
Fig. 55. General modern distribution of known spermatophoral genera of Clerinae.
Figs. 17–18 in Morphologic Characters Of The Immature Stages Of Ocladius Dianthi Marshall (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Ocladiinae), With Phylogenetic Implications
Figs. 17–18. Ocladius dianthi, pupa, habitus. 17) ventral; 18) dorsal. Scale = 1 mm.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.