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FIGURE 5 in Integrative taxonomy of the black-barred disk pacus (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae), including the redescription of Myloplus schomburgkii and the description of two new species

FIGURE 5 | Sympatric occurrence of Myloplus schomburgkii (left) and M. aylan (right) in rio Água Boa do Univini, tributary of rio Branco. Both specimens are mature males, the specimens has not being preserved.

FIGURE 4 in Integrative taxonomy of the black-barred disk pacus (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae), including the redescription of Myloplus schomburgkii and the description of two new species

FIGURE 4 | Geographic distribution of Myloplus schomburgkii (blue circles; the pink star at rio Negro basin represents the type-locality), M. sauron (red squares; the yellow star at rio Xingu basin represents the type-locality) and M. aylan (purple triangles; the black star at rio Branco basin represents the type-locality).

FIGURE 2 in Integrative taxonomy of the black-barred disk pacus (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae), including the redescription of Myloplus schomburgkii and the description of two new species

FIGURE 2 | Myloplus aylan, INPA 60150, holotype, male, 213.01 mm SL, Brazil, Roraima, Caracaraí municipality, rio Baraúna, lago do Bento.

FIGURE 1 in Integrative taxonomy of the black-barred disk pacus (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae), including the redescription of Myloplus schomburgkii and the description of two new species

FIGURE 1 | Schematic drawing of Myloplus schomburgkii with the landmarks used in the measurements. 1, anteriormost point of the snout. 2, distal margin of the hypurals. 3, dorsal-fin insertion. 4, pelvic-fin insertion. 5, posteriormost point of the opercle, not including opercular membrane. 6, supraocciptal's base. 7, supraocciptal's distal tip. 8, pectoral-fin insertion. 9, anal-fin insertion. 10, distal tip of the longest dorsal-fin unbranched ray. 11, base of the last dorsal-fin ray. 12, anterior end of the adipose-fin base. 13, pectoral-fin distal tip. 14, pelvic-fin distal tip. 15, distal tip of the longest anal-fin unbranched ray. 16, base of the longest ray of the second anal-fin lobe. 17, distal tip of the longest branched ray of the second anal-fin lobe. 18, distal end of the anterodorsal margin of the adipose fin. 19, posterior end of the adipose-fin base. 20, posterior end of the anal-fin base. 21, point of the dorsal profile of the caudal peduncle in which it is closest to ventral profile. 22, point of the ventral profile of the caudal peduncle in which it is closest to dorsal profile. 23, posteriormost point of the eye. 24, middle of posterior margin of the fourth infraorbital. 25, middle of anterodorsal margin of third infraorbital. 26, middle of posteroventral margin of third infraorbital. 27, internal angle of pre-opercle. 28, dorsalmost point of the eye. 29, ventralmost point of the eye. 30, anteriormost point of the eye. 31, distal end of the premaxilla. 32, point in which the head is wider. 33, point in which the caudal peduncle is wider. The ventral keel count comprises prepelvic spines (prPvSp), postpelvic spines (poPvSp), and the paired spines around anus (bISp).

FIGURE 3 in Integrative taxonomy of the black-barred disk pacus (Characiformes: Serrasalmidae), including the redescription of Myloplus schomburgkii and the description of two new species

FIGURE 3 | Myloplus aylan, coloration immediately after capture. Mature female, lago Uauaçu, Purus River basin. Photographed by Lucia Rapp Py-Daniel.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2024View details →

An Assessment of the Ocular Toxicity of Two Major Sources of Environmental Exposure

<p>These data contain information on chemicals released in to the air from burn pits in Iraq (waste disposal areas for US military bases) and the 2023 Ohio train derailment in East Palestine. The goals of the study were to 1) predict the effects of exposure to these chemicals on the ocular surface and 2) to call attention to the relationship between environmental events and long-term damage to the surface of the eye—in particular, dry eye disease, which is a known result of workplace chemical exposures. The study employed in silico methods through the ACD Labs Percepta platform, using data from the European Chemical Inventory and the Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances to model the chemicals’ probability of ocular irritation. Variables include the names of compounds identified from the burn pits and the train derailment, along with their chemical formulas, simplified molecular input line entry system (abbreviated to SMILES), and probability of causing eye irritation.</p>

FIGURE 2 in Flood pulse influence on the feeding ecology of two Amazonian auchenipterid catfishes

FIGURE 2 | Graphic representation of the Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) of the diet composition of Auchenipterus nuchalis (A) from the Xingu River (Eastern Amazon, Brazil). Colors represent the hydrological seasons: flood (blue), dry (red), and filling (green). The contribution of the main food items is expressed according to the circle size (B – terrestrial insects; C – aquatic insects; and D – crustaceans). The purple color represents an overlap of dry and flood samples.

FIGURE 6 in Flood pulse influence on the feeding ecology of two Amazonian auchenipterid catfishes

FIGURE 6 | Infographic summarizing the feeding ecology of Auchenipterus nuchalis and Tocantinsia piresi from the Xingu River, Eastern Amazon, Brazil.

FIGURE 6 in Age validation and contrasted growth performances of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in two river systems of the Western Amazon

FIGURE 6 | Von Bertalanffy growth curves for Pseudoplatystoma punctifer females (pink triangles) and males (blue circles) in the A. AMU system and B. Putumayo River.

FIGURE 5 in Flood pulse influence on the feeding ecology of two Amazonian auchenipterid catfishes

FIGURE 5 | Variation in the Repletion Index (RI%) of Auchenipterus nuchalis (A–C) and Tocantinsia piresi (B–D) from the Xingu River (Eastern Amazon, Brazil). Black line represents the linear regression model (C–D).

FIGURE 4 in Age validation and contrasted growth performances of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in two river systems of the Western Amazon

FIGURE 4 | Mean and standard deviation (SD) of each growth ring radius in vertebrae of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer from the A. AMU system and B. Putumayo River.

FIGURE 5 in Age validation and contrasted growth performances of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in two river systems of the Western Amazon

FIGURE 5 | Mean monthly relative marginal increment (RMI ± SD) of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer vertebrae in relation to the hydrological cycle in the A. AMU system and B. Putumayo River. The illustrated hydrological cycles represent the average monthly values from the period 2008–2010.

FIGURE 7 in Age validation and contrasted growth performances of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in two river systems of the Western Amazon

FIGURE 7 | Standard length at first sexual maturity (L50) of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer in the A–B. AMU system and C–D. Putumayo River.

FIGURE 2 in Age validation and contrasted growth performances of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in two river systems of the Western Amazon

FIGURE 2 | Standard length frequency distributions of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer females (left) and males (right) in the A–B. AMU system and C–D. Putumayo River.

FIGURE 3 in Age validation and contrasted growth performances of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in two river systems of the Western Amazon

FIGURE 3 | Pseudoplatystoma punctifer vertebrae showing A–B. Five growth rings: the first one is multiple, the second one double and the third, fourth and fifth are simple, C–D. Two growth rings and E–F. One growth ring. Vertebrae center (ctr), hyaline rings (red lines), intermediate mark (i), pre mark (p). Left images: vertebrae frontal view. Right images: vertebrae cross section view with the confirmation of the rings on the corpus calcareum.

FIGURE 1 in Flood pulse influence on the feeding ecology of two Amazonian auchenipterid catfishes

FIGURE 1 | Study area on the middle Xingu River (Eastern Amazon, Brazil). The black dots represent the sampling sites, and the arrows indicate the direction of the water flow. Black triangle = Altamira municipality; black star = Belo Monte Dam.

FIGURE 1 in Age validation and contrasted growth performances of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in two river systems of the Western Amazon

FIGURE 1 | Map of sampling sites of Pseudoplatystoma punctifer in the Peruvian Amazon River systems. Sampling sites are symbolized by red dots.

FIGURE 4 in Life history trait variations and population dynamics of Calophysus macropterus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in two river systems of the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon

FIGURE 4 | Standard length frequency histograms and the corresponding von Bertalanffy growth function for Calophysus macropterus (sexed and unsexed individuals combined) in (A, B) the upper Putumayo River and in (C) the AMU (the Amazonas, lower Marañón and Ucayali rivers).

FIGURE 3 in Life history trait variations and population dynamics of Calophysus macropterus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in two river systems of the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon

FIGURE 3 | Mean monthly GSI values (circles) of Calophysus macropterus females between 2013 and 2017 in relation with the water level (dotted line) in the upper Putumayo River (A) and the Amazonas, lower Marañón and Ucayali rivers (B).

FIGURE 2 in Life history trait variations and population dynamics of Calophysus macropterus (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae) in two river systems of the Colombian and Peruvian Amazon

FIGURE 2 | Size frequency distribution of Calophysus macropterus females and males caught over the study period in the Putumayo River (A) and the Amazonas, lower Marañón and Ucayali rivers (B).