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11,506 results for “Dynamics”
Nonlinear dynamic model and rollover threshold of a liquid tank semi-trailer
<p>A refined dynamic model of a tractor-semitrailer, including the nonlinear tire force and tank swing force, is established, and the fluid force and torque in the liquid tank are obtained through simulation by using the fluid mechanics software Fluent. Two kinds of tests, the tire corner stiffness test and tire roll stiffness test, are designed and performed using the KHAT flat bed test rig for tires, and a nonlinear model of the tire is obtained. The driving vehicle body state and handling stability of the liquid tank semi-trailer are studied through the model. The roll angle and lateral accelerationare used as the rollover characterization parameters. The dynamic lateral load transfer rate (LTR) is used as the rollover index to characterize the rollover threshold. The conclusions are of great significance for running status monitoring, rollover early warning and rollover avoidance controlfor liquid tank semi-trailers.</p>
Molecular dynamics simulation data of designed cyclic peptide (ligand-binding)
<p>Trajectories of ligand binding simulation and simulation set-up files of designed cyclic peptide as MDM2 binders. <br> The original paper of these designed cyclic peptide: Danelius, E., Pettersson, M., Bred, M., Min, J., Waddell, M. B., Guy, R. K., et al. (2016). Flexibility is important for inhibition of the MDM2/p53 protein–protein interaction by cyclic β-hairpins. <em>Org. Biomol. Chem.</em>, <em>14</em>(44), 10386–10393. http://doi.org/10.1039/C6OB01510G</p>
Looks can be deceiving: speciation dynamics of co-distributed Angophora (Myrtaceae) species in a varying landscape
<p>Understanding the mechanisms underlying species divergence remains a central goal in evolutionary biology. Landscape genetics can be a powerful tool for examining evolutionary processes. We used genome-wide scans to genotype samples from populations of eight <i>Angophora</i> species. <i>Angophora</i> is a small genus within the eucalypts comprising common and rare species in a heterogeneous landscape, making it an appropriate group to study speciation. We found <i>A. hispida</i> was highly differentiated from the other species. Two subspecies of <i>A. costata</i> (subsp. <i>costata</i> and subsp. <i>euryphylla</i>) formed a group, while the third (subsp. <i>leiocarpa, </i>which is only distinguished by its smooth fruits and provenance) was supported as a distinct pseudocryptic species. Other species that are morphologically distinct could not be genetically differentiated (e.g., <em>A. floribunda </em>and <em>A. subvelutina</em>). Distribution and genetic differentiation within <i>Angophora</i> were strongly influenced by temperature and humidity, as well as biogeographic barriers, particularly rivers and higher elevation regions. While extensive introgression was found between many populations of some species (e.g., <i>A. bakeri</i> and <i>A. floribunda</i>), others only hybridized at certain locations. Overall, our findings suggest multiple mechanisms drove evolutionary diversification in <em>Angophora</em> and highlight how genome-wide analyses of related species in a diverse landscape can provide insights into speciation. </p>
Water and gas flow in dissociated hydrate-bearing sediments: flow characteristics, hysteresis and dynamic permeability
<p>Extracted pore network data;Fluid characteristics and simulation conditions</p>
Biogeography of telomere dynamics in a vertebrate - Datasets S1
<p>Telomere length variation has been implicated in processes of ecological and evolutionary importance in a wide range of organisms. However, while the temporal component of this variation has been the subject of much research, we do not know yet whether a spatial component exists within species in telomere dynamics. Here, we investigated for the first time whether the biogeographic history of populations, a key driver of eco-evolutionary processes, can influence telomere dynamics. Based on a one-year longitudinal common-garden experiment in a tree frog species we found that co-specific populations can show striking differences in telomere dynamics, not explained by distinct environmental conditions experienced by individuals through time. Indeed, the populations did not differ in telomere length at the beginning of the study, yet they did after one year under standard conditions. We observed stability of telomere length over time within historically stable populations, but remarkable elongation (31.2% on average) within populations arisen during a recent range expansion. Our results suggest the intriguing scenario that non-equilibrium processes, such as range expansions, might promote plasticity in the molecular machinery regulating telomere dynamics.</p>
Input files and scripts for Hamiltonian replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations of intrinsically disordered proteins using a software GROMACS patched with PLUMED
<p>Here we share the necessary files and scripts to run Hamiltonian replica-exchange molecular dynamics simulations of intrinsically disordered protein studied in the preprint uploaded to bioRxiv (doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.16.155374). It requires software GROMACS patched with PLUMED.</p>
The influence of dynamic topography, climate, and tectonics on the Nile River source-to-sink system – Model input data
<p>Input data for Badlands models used in 2020 Honours thesis at the University of Sydney.</p>
Data from: Dyadic leader-follower dynamics change across situations in captive house sparrows
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span> Individuals can behave as either leaders or followers in many taxa of collectively-moving animals. Leaders initiate movements and may incur predation risks while followers are thought to be more risk-averse. As a group encounters different challenges and ecological situations, individuals in the group may change their social role. We investigated leader and follower roles using dyads of captive house sparrow (<i>Passer domesticus</i>) during both exploration of a novel environment and a simulation of predator attack. During the exploration of a novel environment individuals behaved consistently either as leaders or followers. However, in the simulated attack tests, individuals in the dyads switched their roles, with 'followers' leading the escape flights and 'leaders' following them. Our study provides evidence of (i) consistent differences between individuals in behavior during social escape and (ii) a relationship between social roles across different situations. We suggest that such relationship hinges on individual risk-taking tendencies, which manifest through different social roles across different ecological situations. We further speculate that risk-taking individuals might gain benefits by following risk-averse individuals during an escape flight. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Data from: Elastogravity waves and dynamic ground motions in the Korean Peninsula generated by the 11 March 2011 Mw9.0 Tohoku-Oki megathrust earthquake
<p>The mass dislocations caused by large coseismic slips in megathrust earthquakes are large enough to produce elastogravity waves. Despite successful identification of elastogravity-wave development during megathrust earthquakes, the nature of ground motions and hazard potentials in regional and teleseismic distances remains unknown. The dynamic ground motions from the 11 March 2011 M<sub>W</sub>9.0 Tohoku-Oki megathrust earthquake are retrieved from broadband seismic records throughout the Korean Peninsula. The dynamic ground motions of the megathrust earthquake are dominated by low-frequency (<0.1 Hz) energy that is a mixture of elastogravity waves and seismic waves. The peak dynamic ground displacements in the Korean Peninsula reached ∼20 cm with horizontal permanent displacements of ∼2 cm or more. Radially-polarized elastogravity waves developed instantly at the event origin time. Very-long-period (<0.004 Hz) energy is a mixture of seismic waves and coseismic permanent displacements, presenting radially polarized retrograde particle motions for ∼600 s. The peak ground displacements and velocities for the Tohoku-Oki earthquake are larger than those for a local M<sub>W</sub>5.4 earthquake. The peak ground motions vary azimuthally following the source radiation pattern. The tangential peak ground displacement increases with distance along continental ray paths due to the development of crustally guided waves. Large and slow dynamic ground motions cause dynamic stress changes of ∼1.8 MPa in the lithosphere of the Korean Peninsula, while the properties of the mantle are scarcely affected by slow dynamic motions. The large long-period displacements induced by megathrust earthquakes may cause considerable long-duration distortion on large buildings at regional and teleseismic distances. The characteristic elastogravity-wave features may be used for detection of mass-dislocation events.</p>
Data from: Compadre - estimating the drivers and dynamics of macroevolutionary change
<p>Compiling fossil finds into compendia and databases amenable for macroevolutionary analyses have been of great help in our endeavour to understand the diversity dynamics of the past. Details and sizes of fossil compilations have increased over time and similarly have approaches to correct for the incompleteness and bias of the fossil record. There is, however, a lack of coherent and easily implementable framework that combines bias-correction of the data, estimation of the rate of macroevolutionary change, quantification of the effect of putative abiotic and biotic drivers and a robust approach to model selection and hypothesis testing. Herein I present such a framework in the form of Compadre, a Bayesian toolbox in R with a user-friendly implementation of Pradel's capture-mark-recapture model with macroevolutionary extensions as an addition to the roster of methodologies in paleobiology.</p>
Data from: A geology and geodesy based model of dynamic earthquake rupture on the Rodgers Creek-Hayward-Calaveras fault system, California
<p>The Hayward fault in California's San Francisco Bay area produces large earthquakes, with the last occurring in 1868. We examine how physics-based dynamic rupture modeling can be used to numerically simulate large earthquakes on not only the Hayward fault, but also its connected companions to the north and south, the Rodgers Creek and Calaveras faults. Equipped with a wealth of images of this fault system, including those of its 3D geology and 3D geometry, in addition to inferences about its interseismic creep rate pattern and rock-friction behavior, we use a finite-element computer code to perform 3D dynamic earthquake rupture simulations. We find that the rock properties affect the locations and amount of slip produced in our simulated large earthquakes. Crucial factors that control rupture behavior in our modeling are the earthquake nucleation locations, the fault geometry, and the data that reveal where the fault system is creeping or locked. Our findings suggest that large Rodgers Creek-Hayward-Calaveras-Northern Calaveras (RC-H-C-NC) fault-system earthquakes may result from dynamic rupture that starts in a locked part of the fault system, but is then stopped by the creeping parts, leading to high magnitude-6 earthquakes; or, from dynamic rupture that starts in a locked part of the fault system, then cascades through some of the creeping parts, leading to magnitude-7 earthquakes.</p>
Static and Dynamic Analysis
<p>Contains the JSON files with the collected data and the results of the study done.</p>
Static and Dynamic Data Collection
<p>Contains the JSON files with the collected data and the results of the analysis done.</p>
Unconsciousness reconfigures modular brain network dynamics
<p>Time-dependent adjacency matrices per state of consciousness</p>
Predicting Hydrophobicity by Learning Spatiotemporal Features of Interfacial Water Structure: Combining Molecular Dynamics Simulations with Convolutional Neural Networks
<p>Files for reproducing results from Kelkar et al. (JPCB 2020) - Predicting Hydrophobicity by Learning Spatiotemporal Features of Interfacial Water Structure: Combining Molecular Dynamics Simulations with Convolutional Neural Networks</p> <p> </p> <p>This folder contains simulations starter files and also plug-and-play datasets to test ML algorithms on molecular dynamics (MD) simulation data.</p> <p> </p> <p>All analysis scripts can also be found on GitLab on this link: https://gitlab.com/atharva-kelkar/kelkar_et_al_jpcb_2020</p>
Patterns of genetic divergence and demographic history shed light on island-mainland population dynamics and melanic plumage evolution in the white-winged fairywren
<p>The existence of distinct traits in island versus mainland populations offers opportunities to gain insights into how eco-evolutionary processes operate under natural conditions. We used two island colonization events in the white-winged fairywren (<i>Malurus </i><i>leucopterus</i>) to investigate the genomic and demographic origin of melanic plumage. This avian species is distributed across most of Australia, and males of the mainland subspecies (<i>M. l. leuconotus</i>) exhibit a blue nuptial plumage in contrast to males of two island subspecies – <i>M. l. leucopterus </i>on Dirk Hartog Island<i> </i>and <i>M. l. edouardi</i>on Barrow Island – that exhibit a black nuptial plumage. We used reduced-representation sequencing to explore differentiation and demographic history in this species and found clear patterns of divergence between mainland and island populations, with additional substructuring on the mainland. Divergence between the mainland and Dirk Hartog was approximately 10 times more recent than the split between the mainland and Barrow Island, supporting two independent colonizations. In both cases, estimated gene flow between the mainland and the islands was low, contributing to signals of divergence among subspecies. Our results present demographic reconstructions of mainland-island dynamics and associated plumage variation in white-winged fairywrens, with broader implications regarding our understanding of convergent evolution in insular populations.</p>
Dynamic SLAM
<p>Example application of DUDMAP using VolumeDeform and Boon dataset</p>
The synthesis of SBA-Pr-3AP@Pd and its application as a highly dynamic, eco-friendly heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction
<p>The hexagonal mesoporous organic–inorganic hybrid as a new nanocatalyst was prepared by the treatment of SBA-15 with (3-chloropropyl)triethoxysilane, the 2,4,6-triamino pyrimidine ligand, and then PdCl2 to obtain the SBA-15-propyl-triamino pyrimidine@Pd called as SBA-Pr-3AP@Pd, which was examined through Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling reaction by several aryl halides and phenylboronic acid under mild conditions in high yield.</p>
Data from: Species' range dynamics affect the evolution of spatial variation in plasticity under environmental change
While clines in environmental tolerance and phenotypic plasticity along a single species' range have been reported repeatedly and are of special interest in the context of adaptation to environmental changes, we know little about their evolution. Recent empirical findings in ectotherms suggest that processes underlying dynamic species' ranges can give rise to spatial differences in environmental tolerance and phenotypic plasticity within species. We used individual-based simulations to investigate how plasticity and tolerance evolve in the course of three scenarios of species' range shifts and range expansions on environmental gradients. We found that regions of a species' range which experienced a longer history or larger extent of environmental change generally exhibited increased plasticity or tolerance. Such regions may be at the trailing edge when a species is tracking its ecological niche in space (e.g., in a climate change scenario) or at the front edge when a species expands into a new habitat (e.g., in an expansion/invasion scenario). Elevated tolerance and plasticity in the distribution center was detected when asymmetric environmental change (e.g., polar amplification) led to a range expansion. However, tolerance and plasticity clines were transient and slowly flattened out after range dynamics because of genetic assimilation.
Data from: Stable producer–scrounger dynamics in wild birds: sociability and learning speed covary with scrounging behaviour
There has been extensive game-theoretic modelling of conditions leading to equilibria of producer–scrounger dichotomies in groups. However there is a surprising paucity of experimental evidence in wild populations. Here, we examine producer–scrounger games in five subpopulations of birds feeding at a socially learnt foraging task. Over four weeks, a bimodal distribution of producers and scroungers emerged in all areas, with pronounced and consistent individual tactic specialization persisting over 3 years. Tactics were unrelated to exploratory personality, but correlated with latency to contact and learn the foraging task, with the late arrivers and slower learners more likely to adopt the scrounging role. Additionally, the social environment was also important: at the broad scale, larger subpopulations with a higher social density contained proportionally more scroungers, while within subpopulations scroungers tended to be central in the social network and be observed in larger foraging flocks. This study thus provides a rare example of a stable, dimorphic distribution of producer–scrounger tactics in a wild population. It further gives support across multiple scales for a major prediction of social foraging theory; that the frequency of scroungers increases with group size.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.