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769 results for “CULTIVATE”
Fig. 1 in Changes in Assemblages and Diversity Patterns of Carabidae (Coleoptera) from 1997 to 2014 in a Desalinized, Intensively Cultivated Agricultural Landscape in Northern China
Fig. 1. Map of sampling field margin plots in 2014.
Characteristics of the naturalized flora of Southern Africa largely reflect the non-random introduction of alien species for cultivation
<p>This dataset contains data on the cultivated alien and native flora of Southern Africa associated with data on geographic origins, growth form, functional traits, and naturalization status extracted from different data sources described in Omer, A. et al. 2021. Characteristics of the naturalized flora of Southern Africa largely reflect the non-random introduction of alien species for cultivation– Ecography. doi: 10.1111/ecog.05669. </p> <p>It is frequently overlooked, however, that patterns in origin, phylogeny, and traits of naturalized alien species might largely reflect which species have been introduced in the first place. This study quantifies and assesses such introduction biases by analyzing 5317 plant species introduced for cultivation (i.e. primarily as ornamental garden plants) in the 10 countries composing Southern Africa.</p> <p>The main results show that this cultivated alien flora represents a non-random subset of the global flora and that this bias at the introduction stage largely contributes to patterns in geographic origin, phylogenetic composition, and traits of the naturalized flora of Sothern Africa. </p>
Case study 13: Why is lentil (Lens culinaris) cultivation a success story in south-west Germany? Case study 14: Why is soybean (Glycine max) cultivation a success story in south-west Germany?
<p>Case Study 13<br> Though lentils (Lens culinaris) are a traditional crop in many temperate European countries, the crop disappeared from European cropping systems in the mid-20th century. Lentils are still an important food in traditional and modern cuisine, and they currently gain importance based on the demand for vegetarian and vegan food. The revival of lentil growing and lentil consumption in parts of Germany for the last 10 years is an unprecedented story of success. We want to use this experience to push the re-introduction and expansion of lentil in modern farming all over Europe, particularly in those countries from where the crop has disappeared in the last decades. We seek to multiply the lentil acreage, to increase and stabilize yields, and to network European lentil growers. Due to agronomic reasons, growers cannot easily extent their lentil acreage, although there are many obvious benefits for the stability of agro-ecosystems such as the mixed cropping of lentils, diversification of crop rotations and N-fixation. If we want to keep lentil growing running and expanding, we have to understand these settings if growing should be promoted. On-farm research and data compilation from existing field trials will help to develop new and ecological sound techniques for lentil growing in modern farming systems. In a broad on-farm survey data will be collected for the first time to describe the impact of lentil growing on the agro-ecosystem and to determine and describe factors for successful lentil growing. This will improve the cropping system and the willingness of farmers to adopt lentil growing and thus increase the lentil acreage. Main challenges of lentil growing will be identifie in order to ease the adoption of lentil growing. The results will be a basis for decision-makers in European policy and society to develop tools for improving and maintaining ecological value of farmland, and for generally maintaining and improving agriculture in Europe, particularly in economically in underdeveloped regions. Lentil is exceptional in comparison to other pulses concerning their use: they are exclusively used for human consumption, their amount of anti-nutritive compounds is lowest among all pulses grown in Europe, grains can be consumed without complex processing, and consumers will directly benefit from the results of the project. Particularly the increasing trend of vegetarian or vegan diet can be satisfied easily and best with lentils. The overall outcome of the study would be(i)identification of agronomic key factors for successful lentil growing; (ii)stabilising and improving lentil growing based on(iii)to export the idea of lentil growing and improved cropping systems to other regions and countries in Europe based on (i)and(ii).</p> <p>Case Study 14<br> Several attempts have been made in the past to introduce soybean in temperate regions of Europe, which, however, did not lead to a long-lasting establishment of soybean cropping systems in agricultural practice. Now it seems there is a break-through in some regions of Germany, Eastern France, Austria and Switzerland, maybe due to climate change, the breeding and availability of adapted varieties (0,00,000-varieties), the demand for GMO free food and feed, and the demand for vegetarian/vegan food. The aim of the case study is to permanently integrate soybean in farming systems in temperate climates, to increase the stability and sustainability of soybean cropping systems, and thus to increase the soybean acreage in temperate climates in Europe. Currently, we assume that particularly organic farmers benefit from local soybean growing because of pest and disease risks field beans (Vicia faba) and peas (Pisum sativum) on the one hand, and the requirement of legumes for N-fixation in organic rotations on the other hand. In addition, local soy bean growing solves many problems related to the nutrition of monogastric animals in organic farming systems. For further expansion of soybean cropping in (temperate) Europe countries, the driving factors for soybean growing on practical farms (organic and conventional) have to be revealed in more detail. This approach should include experience from, and use contacts to, other European countries such as Austria.<br> As rotational diseases and pests limit the percentage of soybean on farmland, new methods have to be developed to improve and stabilize the agro-ecosystems while growing soybean. On-farm surveys will reveal the status quo of agro-ecological impacts and agronomic success of soybean growing, with focus on major selected factors to improve the agro-ecological value and to increase yields and yield stability. Soybean could be well introduced in regions where maize-monocropping is dominant, such as the southern Rhine valley in Germany, and thus to increase crop diversity in compliance with the overall aims of European policy and public. The outcome of the soybean case study can finally be well combined with the lentil case study from the same<br> stories of success but probably due to different reasons. Other crops which may be introduced in future into European agriculture will benefit from this knowledge and can be introduced more easily. The overall outcome of the study would be(i)identification of agronomic key factors for successful soybean growing in a temperate climate;(ii)stabilisation and improvement of soybean growing basing on (iii)to export the idea of soybean growing and improved cropping systems to other regions.</p>
Figure 3 from: Knapp S, Vorontsova M (2012) A new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from South Africa related to the cultivated eggplant. PhytoKeys 8: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.8.2462
Figure 3 - Distribution of Solanum umtuma (black circles) and its putative sister species Solanum linnaeanum (white circles) in southern Africa (specimen details for Solanum linnaeanum can be found on the Solanaceae Source website, http://www.solanaceaesource.org).
Figure 1 from: Knapp S, Vorontsova M (2012) A new species of Solanum (Solanaceae) from South Africa related to the cultivated eggplant. PhytoKeys 8: 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.8.2462
Figure 1 - Solanum umtuma. A Habit with pronounced secondary leaf lobes and sparse prickles B Habit with few secondary leaf lobes and dense prickles C Calyx of a long-styled flower at anthesis D Fruiting branch E Porrect stellate trichome from the adaxial surface of a leaf. Scale bar: A, B, C = 3 cm; C = 1.5 cm; E = 0.5 mm. A, E from Gerrard 295; B-D from Arnold 35934. Drawn by Lucy T. Smith.
Figures 35-39 from: Mound L, Sartiami D (2013) Identification of the terebrantian thrips (Insecta, Thysanoptera) associated with cultivated plants in Java, Indonesia. ZooKeys 306: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5455
Figures 35-39 - Thripinae from Java. 35 Thrips parvispinus, sternites V–VII 36 Thrips florum, meso & metanota 37 Thrips hawaiiensis, meso & metanota 38 Echinothrips americanus, fore wing 39 Scolothrips rhagebianus, pronotum.
Figures 26-34 from: Mound L, Sartiami D (2013) Identification of the terebrantian thrips (Insecta, Thysanoptera) associated with cultivated plants in Java, Indonesia. ZooKeys 306: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5455
Figures 26-34 - Thripinae from Java. 26 Frankliniella intonsa, tergites VII & VIII 27 Microcephalothrips abdominalis tergites VII–IX 28 Stenchaetothrips biformis, head 29 Thrips nigropilosus, tergites 30 Thrips alliorum, pleurotergite & sternite 31 Thrips alliorum, head 32 Thrips tabaci, tergites & pleurotergites 33 Thrips simplex, head 34 Thrips simplex, metanotum.
Figures 19-25 from: Mound L, Sartiami D (2013) Identification of the terebrantian thrips (Insecta, Thysanoptera) associated with cultivated plants in Java, Indonesia. ZooKeys 306: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5455
Figures 19-25 - Thripinae from Java. 19 Dichromothrips corbetti, metanotum 20 Ayyaria chaetophora, head & thorax 21 Ayyaria chaetophora, tergites 22 Lefroyothrips lefroyi, head 23 Lefroyothrips lefroyi, metanotum 24 Megalurothrips typicus, sternite VII 25 Bathrips melanicornis, tergites VII–IX.
Figures 10-18 from: Mound L, Sartiami D (2013) Identification of the terebrantian thrips (Insecta, Thysanoptera) associated with cultivated plants in Java, Indonesia. ZooKeys 306: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5455
Figures 10-18 - Thripinae from Java. 10 Copidothrips octarticulatus fore wing 11 Panchaetothrips indicus, tergites I & II 12 Copidothrips octarticulatus, tergites I & II 13 Heliothrips haemorroidalis, head & pronotum 14 Rhipiphorothrips pulchellus, head & pronotum 15 Helionothrips ananthakrishnani, tergites 16 Dendrothripoides innoxius, tergites 17 Scirtothrips dorsalis, tergites 18 Organothrips indicus, head & pronotum.
Figures 1-9 from: Mound L, Sartiami D (2013) Identification of the terebrantian thrips (Insecta, Thysanoptera) associated with cultivated plants in Java, Indonesia. ZooKeys 306: 1-21. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.306.5455
Figures 1-9 - Thripinae from Java. 1 Franklinothrips vespiformis, antenna 2 Mymarothrips bicolour, female 3 Megalurothrips typicus antennal segments I–V 4 Zaniothrips ricini antenna 5 Asprothrips navsariensis, fore wing 6 Helionothrips ananthakrishnani fore wing 7 Craspedothrips minor, tergites VII & VIII 8 Asprothrips, metafurca 9 Echinothrips americanus, with mesosternal spinula.
Diseases (Black Rot and Powdery Mildew) model results for cultivation period of 2021 (Spain and Greece) [Dataset]
<p>This dataset (csv files) contains the results of the models for two diseases (Black Rot and Powdery Mildew) during the cultivation period of 2021 for all the pilot areas of Grapevine project. The pilot areas are the region of Aragon (Spain) in Calatayud, Campo de Borja, Cariñena and Somontano and Chatzivaritis estate (Greece). In order to avoid zero tables (as in the most of the period there are no risks for diseases) in the csv files are only presented the moments in hourly basis that risk diseases are computed.</p> <p>A detailed description of the models is found in deliverable D3.2 GRAPEVINE Plagues and Diseases Models v2 https://zenodo.org/record/7575773</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Li W-L, Liang R-R, Dissanayake AJ, Liu J-K (2023) Botryosphaerialean fungi associated with woody oil plants cultivated in Sichuan Province, China. MycoKeys 97: 71-116. https://doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.97.103118
Taxa and GenBank accession numbers of sequences used in this study
Figure 1 in Sex inversion in cultivated mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. (Crimea, Black Sea) under influence of external environmental factors
Figure 1. Sex distribution after six-month exposure of females of the mussel M. galloprovincialis in 2016 in water of (A) the mussel-and-oyster farm area (81 specimens survived mussels) and (B) polluted area (31 specimens survived mussels).
Fig. 3. Key NOESY correlations for compound 1 in Lanostane triterpenoids from cultivated fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sichuanense: Determination of the C-25 absolute configuration of ganoderic acid A and its derivatives using the phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) method
Fig. 3. Key NOESY correlations for compound 1.
Fig. 2. COSY and HMBC correlations for compounds 1–3 in Lanostane triterpenoids from cultivated fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sichuanense: Determination of the C-25 absolute configuration of ganoderic acid A and its derivatives using the phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) method
Fig. 2. COSY and HMBC correlations for compounds 1–3.
Fig. 4 in Lanostane triterpenoids from cultivated fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sichuanense: Determination of the C-25 absolute configuration of ganoderic acid A and its derivatives using the phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) method
Fig. 4. Δδ-Values (δ(S) – δ(R)) of the PGME amides 25a/25b, 26a/26b, and 27a/27b.
Fig. 1 in Lanostane triterpenoids from cultivated fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sichuanense: Determination of the C-25 absolute configuration of ganoderic acid A and its derivatives using the phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) method
Fig. 1. Structures of compounds 1–15.
Fig. 5 in Lanostane triterpenoids from cultivated fruiting bodies of Ganoderma sichuanense: Determination of the C-25 absolute configuration of ganoderic acid A and its derivatives using the phenylglycine methyl ester (PGME) method
Fig. 5. Δδ-Values (δ(S) – δ(R)) of the bis-MTPA esters 28a/28b.
Fig. 3. Key NOESY correlations for 1 and 4 in Lanostane triterpenoids from cultivated fruiting bodies of basidiomycete Ganoderma mbrekobenum
Fig. 3. Key NOESY correlations for 1 and 4 in acetone-d6.
Fig. 2. COSY and HMBC correlations for 1, 4, 5 in Lanostane triterpenoids from cultivated fruiting bodies of basidiomycete Ganoderma mbrekobenum
Fig. 2. COSY and HMBC correlations for 1, 4, 5, and 9.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.