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4,480 results for “hybrid”
Breaking a species barrier by enabling hybrid recombination
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Hybrid sterility maintains reproductive isolation between species by preventing them from exchanging genetic material. Anti-recombination can contribute to hybrid sterility when different species' chromosome sequences are too diverged to cross-over efficiently during hybrid meiosis, resulting in chromosome mis-segregation and aneuploidy. The genome sequences of the yeasts <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> and <i>Saccharomyces paradoxus</i> have diverged by about 12% and their hybrids are sexually sterile: nearly all of their gametes are aneuploid and inviable. Previous methods to increase hybrid yeast fertility have targetted the anti-recombination machinery, enhancing meiotic crossing over but also having counteracting detrimental effects on gamete viability due to increased mutagenesis and ectopic recombination. Therefore the role of anti-recombination has not been fully revealed, and it is often dismissed as a minor player in speciation. By repressing two genes, <i>SGS1</i> and <i>MSH2</i>, specifically during meiosis, whilst maintaining their mitotic expression we were able to increase hybrid fertility 70-fold, to the level of non-hybrid crosses, confirming that anti-recombination is the principal cause of hybrid sterility. Breaking this species barrier allows us to generate, for the first time, viable euploid gametes containing recombinant hybrid genomes from these two highly diverged parent species. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Intraspecific genomic variation and local adaptation in a young hybrid species
<p>Hybridization increases genetic variation, hence hybrid species may have greater evolutionary potential once their admixed genomes have stabilized and incompatibilities have been purged. Yet, little is known about how such hybrid lineages evolve at the genomic level following their formation, in particular their adaptive potential. Here we investigate how the Italian sparrow (<i>Passer italiae</i>), a homoploid hybrid species, has evolved and locally adapted to its variable environment. Using restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-seq) on several populations across the Italian peninsula, we evaluate how genomic constraints and novel genetic variation have influenced population divergence and adaptation. We show that population divergence within this hybrid species has evolved in response to climatic variation, suggesting ongoing local adaptation. As found previously in other non-hybrid species, climatic differences appear to increase population differentiation. We also report strong population divergence in a gene known to affect beak morphology. Most of the strongly divergent loci among Italian sparrow populations do not seem to be differentiated between its parent species, the house and Spanish sparrows. Unlike in the hybrid, population divergence within each of the parental taxa has occurred mostly at loci with high allele frequency difference between the parental species, suggesting that novel combinations of parental alleles in the hybrid have not necessarily enhanced its evolutionary potential. Rather, our study suggests that constraints linked to incompatibilities may have restricted the evolution of this admixed genome, both during and after hybrid species formation.</p>
Natural hybrid origin of a controversial "species", Clematis pinnata (Ranunculaceae), based on multidisciplinary evidence
<p>Hybridization is common and has often been viewed as a driving force of plant diversity. However, it may raise problems in taxonomy, biodiversity estimation, and biological conservation. Although previous molecular phylogenetic studies suggested that hybridization may be rather common in <em>Clematis</em>, and artificial hybridization has been widely applied to produce new <em>Clematis</em> cultivars for nearly two centuries, the issue of natural hybridization of <em>Clematis</em> has never been addressed in detail. In this study, we tested the hybrid origin of <em>Clematis</em> <em>pinnata</em>, a rare and taxonomically controversial species distributed in northern China. Using field observations, morphological statistics, flow cytometry, niche modelling, and phylogenomic analysis, we tested the hypothesis of the possible hybrid origin of <em>C. pinnata</em>. The results show morphologically intermediacy of <em>C. pinnata</em> between the putative progenitors. Homoploidy among all the tested species is confirmed by flow cytometric analysis. Niche modelling results demonstrate that <em>C. pinnata</em> had not been adapted to a novel ecological niche independent of its putative parents. The plastome phylogeny indicates that <em>C. pinnata</em> plants in different sampling sites originated by different hybridization events. Phylonet and HyDe analyses based on transcriptome data corroborate the hybrid origins of<em> C. pinnata</em> from <em>C. brevicaudata</em>×<em>C. heracleifolia</em>/<em>C. tubulosa</em>. Rare introgression event between <em>C. brevicaudata</em> and <em>C. heracleifolia</em>/<em>C. tubulosa</em> was also detected in this study. These findings show that <em>C. pinnata</em> is representing F1 progeny or early generation hybrids of its parental species and evolved independently in different sites. The present study also indicates that interspecific or even intersectional hybridization is a common mechanism that the genus <em>Clematis</em> uses to generate diversity and variation, and it may play an important role in the evolution and diversification of this genus. Our study implies that morphological diversity caused by natural hybridization may overstate the real species diversity in <em>Clematis</em>.</p>
Data from: Genomic evidence of prevalent hybridization throughout the evolutionary history of the fig-wasp pollination mutualism
<p><i>Ficus</i> (figs) and their agaonid wasp pollinators present an ecologically important mutualism that also provides a rich comparative system for studying functional co-diversification throughout its coevolutionary history (~75 million years). We obtained entire nuclear, mitochondrial, and chloroplast genomes for 15 species representing all major clades of <i>Ficus</i>. Multiple analyses of these genomic data suggest that hybridization events have occurred throughout <i>Ficus</i> evolutionary history. Furthermore, cophylogenetic reconciliation analyses detect significant incongruence among all nuclear, chloroplast, and mitochondrial-based phylogenies, none of which correspond with any published phylogenies of the associated pollinator wasps. These findings are most consistent with frequent host-switching by the pollinators, leading to fig hybridization, even between distantly related clades. Here, we suggest that these pollinator host-switches and fig hybridization events are a dominant feature of fig/wasp coevolutionary history, and by generating novel genomic combinations in the figs have likely contributed to the remarkable diversity exhibited by this mutualism.</p>
Pervasive mitonuclear coadaptation underlies fast development in interpopulation hybrids of a marine crustacean
<p>Cellular energy production requires coordinated interactions between genetic components from the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. This coordination results in coadaptation of interacting elements within populations. Interbreeding between divergent gene pools can disrupt coadapted loci and result in hybrid fitness breakdown. While specific incompatible loci have been detected in mutiple eukaryotic taxa, the extent of the nuclear genome that is influenced by mitonuclear coadaptation is not clear in any species. Here, we used F<sub>2</sub> hybrids between two divergent populations of the copepod <em>Tigriopus californicus</em> to examine mitonuclear coadaptation across the nuclear genome. Using developmental rate as a measure of fitness, we fount that fast-developing copepods had higher ATP synthesis capacity than slow developers, suggesting variation in developmental rates is at least partly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. Using Pool-seq, we detected strong biases for maternal alleles across 7 (of 12) chomosomes in both reciprocal crosses in high-fitness hybrids, while low-fitness hybrids showed shifts towards the paternal population. Comparison with previous results on a different hybrid cross revealed largely different patterns of strong mitonuclear coadaptation associated with developmental rate. Our findings suggest that functional coadaptation between interacting nuclear and mitochondrial components is reflected in strong polygenic effects on this life-history phenotype, and reveal that molecular coadaptation follows independent evolutionary trajectories among isolated populations.</p>
Data from: Hybrid Integration of Silicon Photonic Devices on Lithium Niobate for Optomechanical Wavelength Conversion
<p>Source data for Figures.</p>
Primary hybrid zone formation in Tephroseris helenitis (Asteraceae), following postglacial range expansion along the central Northern Alps
<p>Secondary vs. primary hybrid zone formation remains a challenging task as the time window in which these historical (vicariant) vs. contemporary (environmental-selective) processes are distinguishable may be relatively narrow.</p> <p>To examine the origin and structure of a transition zone between two subspecies of <i>Tephroseris helenitis</i> along the central Northern Alps, molecular (AFLP) and morphological (achene type) data as well as ecological niche models (ENMs) were used. Samples were collected over a <i>c.</i> 350 km-long transect, largely covered by ice during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).</p> <p>Genetically non-admixed individuals of subspp. <i>helenitis</i> vs. <i>salisburgensis</i> dominated the westernmost vs. eastern transect areas, with admixed individuals occurring in between. Cline for achene morphology was steep, largely non-coincidental, and displaced to the east of the cline centre for neutral AFLPs. During the LGM, ssp. <i>helenitis</i> should have been able to persist in a refugium southwest of the transect, while suitable habitat for ssp. <i>salisburgensis</i> was apparently absent at this time.</p> <p>Patterns of genetic and clinal variation in combination with our ENM data are suggestive of a primary hybrid zone that originated after the species' postglacial, eastward expansion.</p> <p> </p>
Hybrids between Rubus idaeus and Rubus sect. Corylifolii and their relation to R. pruinosus and R. rosanthus
<p>We have studied hybrids between Rubus idaeus and various members of R. Sect. Corylifolii, primarily in Sweden. With the help of DNA-ploidy level determinations using flow cytometry and microsatellite DNA analysis of over 500 samples, we show that the material can be divided into four stable apomictic species (belonging to Subsect. Subidaei) and a large number of primary hybrids. Stable species can be recognised by a distribution that is distinct from the Corylifolii parent, a uniform morphology and an almost invariant genetic pattern. We confirm that R. cordatiformis has arisen from the hybrid R. eluxatus idaeus. Moreover, our study shows that R. lagerbergii has arisen from the hybrid R. dissimulans idaeus. For R. onsalaënsis, we unexpectedly identify the Corylifolii ancestor as a previously unidentified blackberry with a very restricted distribution in the northern part of the province of Halland, which is here described as R. antecedens. Furthermore, we show that R. pruinosus s. str. has arisen from the hybrid R. aureolus idaeus and that it is known only from a rather restricted area in the provinces of Småland, Östergötland and Södermanland in eastern Sweden. On the other hand, the great majority of what has been called R. pruinosus is a diverse collection of primary hybrids between R. idaeus and various Corylifolii species, which show a large variation both genetically and morphologically. The same applies to R. rosanthus, which represents R. norvegicus idaeus hybrids: The microsatellite analysis shows that they have arisen independently and therefore should be considered as primary hybrids. We have identified primary hybrids between R. idaeus and R. gothicus (by far the most common hybrid in Sweden), R. aureolus, R. camptostachys, R. decurrentispinus, R. eluxatus, R. friesianus, R. hallandicus, R. lidforssii and R. norvegicus.</p>
Data from: Microsorum × tohieaense (Polypodiaceae), a new hybrid fern from French Polynesia, with implications for the taxonomy of Microsorum
A new hybrid microsoroid fern, Microsorum × tohieaense (Microsorum commutatum × Microsorum membranifolium) from Moorea, French Polynesia is described based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analysis. Microsorum × tohieaense can be distinguished from other French Polynesian Microsorum by the combination of sori that are distributed more or less in a single line between the costae and margins, apical pinna wider than lateral pinnae, and round rhizome scales with entire margins. Genetic evidence is also presented for the first time supporting the hybrid origin of Microsorum × maximum (Microsorum grossum × Microsorum punctatum), and possibly indicating a hybrid origin for the Hawaiian endemic Microsorum spectrum. The implications of hybridization for the taxonomy of microsoroid ferns are discussed, and a key to the microsoroid ferns of the Society Islands is provided.
Data from: Hare pseudo-reference genome from: the genomic impact of historical hybridization with massive mitochondrial DNA introgression
<p><b>Background:</b> The extent to which selection determines interspecific patterns of genetic exchanges enlightens the role of adaptation in evolution and speciation. Often reported extensive interspecific introgression could be selection-driven, but also result from demographic processes, especially in cases of invasive species replacements, which can promote introgression at their front. Because invasion and selective sweeps similarly mold variation, population genetics evidence for selection can only be gathered in an explicit demographic framework. The Iberian hare, <i>Lepus granatensis</i>, displays in its northern range extensive mitochondrial DNA introgression from <i>L. timidus</i>, an arctic/boreal species that it replaced locally after the last glacial maximum. We use whole-genome sequencing to infer geographic and genomic patterns of nuclear introgression and fit a neutral model of species replacement with hybridization, allowing us to evaluate how selection influenced introgression genome-wide, including for mtDNA.</p> <p><b>Results:</b> Although the average nuclear and mtDNA introgression patterns are strongly contrasted, they fit a single neutral model of post-glacial invasive replacement of <i>timidus</i> by <i>granatensis</i>. Outliers of elevated introgression include several genes related to immunity, spermatogenesis, and mitochondrial metabolism. Introgression is reduced on the X-chromosome and in low recombining regions.</p> <p><b>Conclusion:</b> General nuclear and mtDNA patterns of introgression can be explained by purely demographic processes. Hybrid incompatibilities and interplay between selection and recombination locally modulate levels of nuclear introgression. Selection promoted introgression of some genes involved in conflicts, either interspecific (parasites) or possibly cytonuclear. In the latter case, nuclear introgression could mitigate the potential negative effects of alien mtDNA on mitochondrial metabolism and male-specific traits.</p>
Data from: Phenotypic and genotypic variation across a stable white-eye (Zosterops sp.) hybrid zone in central South Africa
The interbreeding of two species after a period of separation (secondary contact) most often results in stable areas of hybridization or tension zones characterized by selection against hybrid individuals. Three plumage forms of Zosterops meet and interbreed in central South Africa. Here we examine how phenotypic measures (biometric and plumage) and genotypic markers (mitochondrial and nuclear DNA) change through a putative hybrid zone located in the area where the ranges of the Orange River white-eye Zosterops pallidus and a subspecies of the Cape white-eye Zosterops virens capensis meet. Four of the five sequenced loci (i.e. ATP6, MUSK, GADPH and TGF-β2) showed strong divergence and differentiation between allopatric parental populations, whereas the sex-linked CHD1Z locus exhibited high homogeneity. Microsatellite data also distinguished between pure Z. pallidus and Z. v. capensis populations. Together, the nuclear data (introns and microsatellites) identified at least 12 hybrid individuals as later generation hybrids (i.e. F2 or backcrosses), and no F1 hybrids were detected. As genetic incompatibility does not appear to play a role in restricting this stable hybrid zone, it is likely that environmental conditions including biome type and edge effect are constraining hybrid zone movement.
Data from: Multiple forms of selection shape reproductive isolation in a primate hybrid zone
Speciation occurs when populations diverge and become reproductively isolated from each other. Natural selection is commonly accepted to play a large role in this process and it has been widely assumed that reproductive isolation often results as a byproduct of divergence driven by adaptation in allopatry. When such populations come into secondary contact, reinforcement can act to strengthen reproductive isolation, but the frequency and importance of this process is still unknown. Here, we explored genomic signatures of selection in allopatry and sympatry for loci associated with reproductive isolation using a natural primate hybrid zone. By analyzing reduced-representation sequencing data, we quantified admixture and population structure across a howler monkey hybrid zone and examined the relationship between locus-specific differentiation and introgression. We detected extensive admixture that was mostly limited to the narrow contact zone. Loci with reduced introgression into the heterospecific genomic background (the pattern expected for loci associated with reproductive isolation due to selection against hybrids) were significantly more differentiated between allopatric parental populations than loci with neutral and increased introgression, supporting the hypothesis that reproductive isolation is a by-product of divergence in allopatry. Further, loci with reduced introgression showed greater differentiation in sympatry than in allopatry, suggesting a role for reinforcement. Thus, our results reflect multiple forms of selection that have shaped reproductive isolation in this system. We conclude that reproductive isolation may have initially been driven by divergence in allopatry, but later reinforced by divergent selection in sympatry.
Data from: Genomic islands of differentiation in two songbird species reveal candidate genes for hybrid female sterility
Hybrid sterility is a common first step in the evolution of postzygotic reproductive isolation. According to Haldane's Rule it affects predominantly the heterogametic sex. While the genetic basis of hybrid male sterility in organisms with heterogametic males has been studied for decades, the genetic basis of hybrid female sterility in organisms with heterogametic females has received much less attention. We investigated the genetic basis of reproductive isolation in two closely related avian species, the Common Nightingale (Luscinia megarhynchos) and the Thrush Nightingale (L. luscinia), that hybridize in a secondary contact zone and produce viable hybrid progeny. In accordance with Haldane's Rule, hybrid females are sterile, while hybrid males are fertile, allowing gene flow to occur between the species. Using transcriptomic data from multiple individuals of both nightingale species we identified genomic islands of high differentiation (FST) and of high divergence (Dxy), and we analyzed gene content and patterns of molecular evolution within these islands. Interestingly, we found that these islands were enriched for genes related to female meiosis and metabolism. The islands of high differentiation and divergence were also characterized by higher levels of linkage disequilibrium than the rest of the genome in both species indicating that they might be situated in genomic regions of low recombination. This study provides one of the first insights into genetic basis of hybrid female sterility in organisms with heterogametic females.
Data from: Hybridization and postzygotic isolation promote reinforcement of male mating preferences in a diverse group of fishes with traditional sex roles
Behavioral isolation is thought to arise early in speciation due to differential sexual and/or natural selection favoring different preferences and traits in different lineages. Alternatively, behavioral isolation can arise due to reinforcement favoring traits and preferences that prevent maladaptive hybridization. In darters, female preference for male coloration has been hypothesized to drive speciation, because behavioral isolation evolves before F1 inviability. However, as with many long-lived organisms, the fitness of second generation hybrids has not been assessed because raising animals to adulthood in the lab is challenging. Recently, reinforcement of male preferences has been implicated in darters because male preference for conspecific females is high in sympatry but absent in allopatry in multiple species pairs. The hypothesis that reinforcement accounts for behavioral isolation in sympatry assumes that hybridization and postzygotic isolation are present. Here, we used genomic and morphological data to demonstrate that hybridization is ongoing between orangethroat and rainbow darters and used hybrids collected from nature to measure postzygotic barriers across two hybrid generations. We observed sex ratio distortion in adult F1s and a dramatic reduction in backcross survival. Our findings indicate that selection to avoid hybridization promotes the evolution of male-driven behavioral isolation via reinforcement in this system.
Data from: A phylogenomic perspective to diversity, hybridization and evolutionary affinities in the stickleback genus Pungitius
<p>Hybridization and convergent evolution are phenomena of broad interest in evolutionary biology, but their occurrence poses challenges for reconstructing evolutionary affinities among affected taxa. Sticklebacks in the genus Pungitius are a case in point: evolutionary relationships and taxonomic validity of different species and populations in this circumpolarly distributed species complex remain contentious due to convergent evolution of traits regarded as diagnostic in their taxonomy, and possibly also due to frequent hybridization among taxa. To clarify the evolutionary relationships among different Pungitius species and populations globally, as well as to study prevalence and extent of introgression among recognized species, genomic datasets of both reference genome-anchored SNPs and de novo assembled RAD-tag loci were constructed with RAD-seq data. Both datasets yielded topologically identical and well-supported species trees. Incongruence between nuclear and mitochondrial DNA-based trees was found and suggested frequent hybridization and mitogenome capture during the evolution of Pungitius sticklebacks. Further analyses revealed evidence for frequent nuclear genetic introgression among Pungitius species, although the estimated proportions of autosomal introgression were low. Apart from providing evidence for frequent hybridization, the results challenge earlier mitochondrial and morphology-based hypotheses about the number of species and their affinities in this genus: at least seven extant species can be recognized on the basis of genetic data. The results also shed new light on the biogeographic history of the Pungitius-complex, including suggestion of several trans-Arctic invasions of Europe from the Northern Pacific. The well-resolved phylogeny should facilitate the utility of this genus as a model system for future comparative evolutionary studies.</p>
Data from: Phylogeography of Aegean green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup): continental hybrid swarm vs. insular diversification with discovery of a new island endemic
Background: Debated aspects in speciation research concern the amount of gene flow between incipient species under secondary contact and the modes by which post-zygotic isolation accumulates. Secondary contact zones of allopatric lineages, involving varying levels of divergence, provide natural settings for comparative studies, for which the Aegean (Eastern Mediterranean) geography offers unique scenarios. In Palearctic green toads (Bufo viridis subgroup or Bufotes), Plio-Pleistocene (~2.6 Mya) diverged species show a sharp transition without contemporary gene flow, while younger lineages, diverged in the Lower-Pleistocene (~1.9 Mya), admix over tens of kilometers. Here, we conducted a fine-scale multilocus phylogeographic analysis of continental and insular green toads from the Aegean, where a third pair of taxa, involving Mid-Pleistocene diverged (~1.5 Mya) mitochondrial lineages, earlier tentatively named viridis and variabilis, (co-)occurs. Results: We discovered a new lineage, endemic to Naxos (Central Cyclades), while coastal islands and Crete feature weak genetic differentiation from the continent. In continental Greece, both lineages, viridis and variabilis, form a hybrid swarm, involving massive mitochondrial and nuclear admixture over hundreds of kilometers, without obvious selection against hybrids. Conclusions: The genetic signatures of insular Aegean toads appear governed by bathymetry and Quaternary sea level changes, resulting in long-term isolation (Central Cyclades: Naxos) and recent land-bridges (coastal islands). Conversely, Crete has been isolated since the end of the Messinian salinity crisis (5.3 My) and Cretan populations thus likely result from human-mediated colonization, at least since Antiquity, from Peloponnese and Anatolia. Comparisons of green toad hybrid zones support the idea that post-zygotic hybrid incompatibilities accumulate gradually over the genome. In this radiation, only one million years of divergence separate a scenario of complete reproductive isolation, from a secondary contact resulting in near panmixia.
Data from: Selfish evolution of cytonuclear hybrid incompatibility in Mimulus
Intraspecific coevolution between selfish elements and suppressors may promote interspecific hybrid incompatibility, but evidence of this process is rare. Here, we use genomic data to test alternative models for the evolution of cytonuclear hybrid male sterility in Mimulus. In hybrids between Iron Mountain (IM) Mimulus guttatus × Mimulus nasutus, two tightly linked M. guttatus alleles (Rf1/Rf2) each restore male fertility by suppressing a local mitochondrial male-sterility gene (IM-CMS). Unlike neutral models for the evolution of hybrid incompatibility loci, selfish evolution predicts that the Rf alleles experienced strong selection in the presence of IM-CMS. Using whole-genome sequences, we compared patterns of population-genetic variation in Rf at IM to a neighbouring population that lacks IM-CMS. Consistent with local selection in the presence of IM-CMS, the Rf region shows elevated FST, high local linkage disequilibrium and a distinct haplotype structure at IM, but not at Cone Peak (CP), suggesting a recent sweep in the presence of IM-CMS. In both populations, Rf2 exhibited lower polymorphism than other regions, but the low-diversity outliers were different between CP and IM. Our results confirm theoretical predictions of ubiquitous cytonuclear conflict in plants and provide a population-genetic mechanism for the evolution of a common form of hybrid incompatibility.
Data from: Reproductive character displacement of female, but not male song discrimination in an avian hybrid zone
Divergence of male sexual signals and female preferences for those signals often maintains reproductive boundaries between closely related, co-occurring species. However, contrasting sources of selection, such as interspecific competition, can lead to weak divergence or even convergence of sexual signals in sympatry. When signals converge, assortative mating can be maintained if the mating preferences of females diverge in sympatry (reproductive character displacement; RCD), but there are few explicit examples. Pied flycatchers (Ficedula hypoleuca) are sympatric with collared flycatchers (F. albicollis) on the Baltic island of Öland, where males from both species compete over nestboxes, their songs converge, and the two species occasionally hybridize. We compare song discrimination of male and female pied flycatchers on Öland and in an allopatric population on the Swedish mainland. Using field choice trials, we show that male pied flycatchers respond similarly to the songs of both species in sympatry and in allopatry, while female pied flycatchers express stronger discrimination against heterospecific songs in sympatry than in allopatry. These results are consistent with RCD of song discrimination of female pied flycatchers where they co-occur with collared flycatchers, which should maintain species assortative mating despite convergence of male sexual signals.
Data from: Climate-mediated hybrid zone movement revealed with genomics, museum collection and simulation modeling
Climate-mediated changes in hybridization will dramatically alter the genetic diversity, adaptive capacity and evolutionary trajectory of interbreeding species. Our ability to predict the consequences of such changes will be key to future conservation and management decisions. Here we tested through simulations how recent warming (over a 32-year period) is affecting the geographic extent of a climate-mediated developmental threshold implicated in maintaining a butterfly hybrid zone (Papilio glaucus and Papilio canadensis; Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). These simulations predict a 68 km shift of this hybrid zone. To empirically test this prediction, we assessed genetic and phenotypic changes using contemporary and museum collections and document a 40 km northward shift of this hybrid zone. Interactions between the two species appear relatively unchanged during hybrid zone movement. We found no change in the frequency of hybridization and regions of the genome that experience little to no introgression moved largely in concert with the shifting hybrid zone. Model predictions based on climate scenarios predict this hybrid zone will continue to move northward, but with substantial spatial heterogeneity in the velocity (55-144 km/1°C), shape, and contiguity of movement. Our findings suggest that the presence of non-climatic barriers (e.g., genetic incompatibilities) and/or non-linear responses to climatic gradients may preserve species boundaries as the species shift. Further, we show that variation in the "geography" of hybrid zone movement could result in evolutionary responses that differ for geographically distinct populations spanning hybrid zones and thus have implications for the conservation and management of genetic diversity.
Something old, something new: evolution of Colombian weedy rice (Oryza spp.) through de novo de-domestication, exotic gene flow, and hybridization
<p>Weedy rice (<i>Oryza</i> spp.) is a worldwide weed of domesticated rice (<i>O. sativa</i>), considered particularly problematic due to its strong competition with the crop, which leads to reduction of yields and harvest quality. Several studies have established multiple independent origins for weedy rice populations in the U.S. and various parts of Asia; however, the origins of weedy rice in South America have not been examined in a global context. We evaluated the genetic variation of weedy rice populations in Colombia, as well as the contributions of local wild<i> Oryza </i>species, local cultivated varieties, and exotic <i>Oryza</i> groups to the weed, using polymorphism generated by genotyping by sequencing (GBS). We found no evidence for genomic contributions from local wild <i>Oryza </i>species<i> </i>(<i>O. glumaepatula</i>, <i>O. grandiglumis</i>, <i>O. latifolia </i>and <i>O. alta</i>) to Colombian weedy rice. Instead, Colombian weedy rice has evolved from local <i>indica</i> cultivars, and has also likely been inadvertently imported as an exotic pest from the US. Additionally, weeds comprising <i>de novo</i> admixture between these distinct weedy populations now represent a large proportion of genomic backgrounds in Colombian weedy rice. Our results underscore the impressive ability of weedy rice to evolve through multiple evolutionary pathways, including in situ de-domestication, range expansion, and hybridization.</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.