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1,515 results for “marshes”
Ground surface elevation measurements for Surface Elevation Tables in the Brownsville Marsh on the Virginia Coast Reserve 1998
This dataset contains detailed survey information regarding suface elevation table (SET) plots located in the Phillips Creek Marsh near Nassawadox, VA. It contains specific information about the relationship of the SET center-pipe and the adjoining marsh surface relative to sea level. NOTE: These research plots are highly sensitive to disturbance and should not be approached by anyone not engaged in taking measurements.
Soil Characterization of the End of the Year Biomass marshes along the Virginia Coast Reserve 1999
Soils from megasite marshes were characterized in 1999 to provide context for end-of-year above-ground biomass of salt marsh plant species. Â
A time series of images of egret and cormorant colonies on Chimney Pole Marsh, VA 2010-2011
This dataset contains images used to observe double-crested cormorant and great egret nests on Chimney Pole Marsh, VA, a low-lying barrier marsh on the Atlantic coast of the Delmarva Peninsula. The camera was in operation June 15, 2010 to July 7, 2010, Aug, 3, 4 and 31, 2010, and May 10 through Aug. 11, 2011. Images were captured roughly once every 10 seconds during the day, resulting in a total of 287,564 images.
Surface Elevation Table Lagoon Data for Wachapregue marshes and north Mockhorn Island of the Virginia Coast Reserve 2002-2014
Dataset consists of a subset of all the USGS-sponsored data collected using the USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center "old style" SET arm, which began in Fall 1998. Because of changes made to the type of pins used (switched from brass pins to fiberglass in 2002), we present only the post-2002 data here. Each datum under "ELEVTN" variable is the mean SET elevation measured from 36 pins. In the Wachapreague marshes, three high marsh sites (short form Spartina alterniflora) were selected (Curlew Bay 1 (East)HM, Curlew Bay 2 (West)HM, and Gates BayHM), and three low-mid marsh sites (tall form Spartina) as well (same names, except MM as a suffix). About 20 miles south, at the north end of the Mockhorn Island Wildlife Management Area (state owned), only two low-mid marsh sites were selected - Mockhorn East and West.  The dataset does not include elevations taken at unvegetated "pond" sites as measurements were curtailed after 2003.Â
GIS layers for marsh extent, inlet tidal prism and watershed size on the Virginia Coast, 1851-2009
Title: Marsh and water extent and inlet watersheds (late-1800's and 2009); 2010 barrier island shorelines Focus: Determining change in marsh extent and change in inlet tidal prism and watershed size in relation to barrier island migration at the VCRSite: Marshes/bays from the southern tip of Smith Island to the northern tip of Wallops Island References: Deaton, C.D., Hein, C.J., and Kirwan, M.L., 2017, Barrier island migration dominates ecogeomorphic feedbacks and drives salt marsh loss along the Virginia Atlantic Coast, USA: Geology, v. 45, no. 2, p. 123-126, doi: 10.1130/G38459.1.(see also: associated Geology Data Repository item 2017030: http://www.geosociety.org/datarepository/2017/2017030.pdf)
Marsh shoreline topographic surveys for Chimney Pole Marsh, Hog Island and Upshur Neck, VA 2008-2010
Repeated topographic surveys were made at the marsh boundaries on Hog Island, Chimney Pole Marsh and Upshur Neck, VA.
Topographic survey in the forest-marsh interface of Eastern Shore National Wildlife Refuge
We collected RTK GPS points in the Eastern Shore of Virginia National Wildlife Refuge near the tip of the Delmarva Peninsula. Survey points have the UTM 18N Easting and Northing coordinates, the NAVD88 elevation in meters, an identifier for the site ("hollow" or "hillslope") and a point code ("ALIVE" for mature live trees, "DEAD" for dead trees, and "SAPLING" for young trees).
Coastal SEES Collaborative Research: Non-Market Value Meta-Data on Willingness to Pay for Coastal Marsh Habitat Change
These data represent a meta-dataset of observations on per household economic value - represented by per household willingness-to-pay (WTP) - for improvements in coastal marsh habitat, drawn from stated-preference studies in the research literature. The metadata allow estimation of benefit transfer functions via meta-regression modeling. Within these econometric functions, the dependent variable is a comparable estimate of economic value (e.g., WTP) drawn from extant primary valuation studies. Independent variables represent observable factors hypothesized to explain variation in this value measure across observations. These functions can be used to produce out-of-sample predictions of WTP for coastal marsh habitat improvements at sites for which no primary valuation studies have been conducted. They can also be used to understand the factors associated with systematic variations in marsh habitat values across different sites and studies. These data are described in Vedogbeton, H. and R.J. Johnston. 2020. Commodity Consistent Meta-Analysis of Wetland Values: An Illustration for Coastal Marsh Habitat. Environmental and Resource Economics 75(4), 835-865, and allow replication of the results presented therein. The metadata are extracted from primary studies that estimate total (use and nonuse) per household WTP for changes in the quantity or quality of coastal marsh wildlife habitats or their services, in US and Canada. These studies were identified via a systematic review of the literature. The metadata combine information provided by these primary non-market valuation studies with publicly available external data extracted from sources such as the US Census, US National Historical GIS (https://www.nhgis.org/), and US Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory (https://www.fws.gov/wetlands/Data/Mapper.html). Studies included in the metadata are restricted to those that estimate total per household WTP for coastal wetland habitat changes using generally acce
Marsh soil Organic Matter on Nine Marshes on the Virginia Coast, 2016-2019
Organic matter content in nine salt marshes along the Atlantic Coast of the Delmarva Peninsula was determined by collecting soil cores followed by loss-on-ignition techniques. Two soil cores were collected at randomly selected spots within each of the 2016-2019 elevation sampling grids.
Carbon stocks in forests transitioning to salt marsh at four sites in the Chesapeake Bay region, 2019
This data set contains measurements of carbon stocks across five vegetation zones that comprise the marsh-forest boundary at sites within Virginia (Goodwin Island and Phillips Creek) and Maryland (Monie Bay and Moneystump/Blackwater). Carbon stocks were measured from soil samples and allometric measurements collected in June-July of 2019. Soil salinity, elevation, and GPS location data are similarly included in this data set.
Blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, density and size in a salt marsh at low tide on the Coast of Virginia, Sept. 2021
While deconstructing a caging experiment at low tide in September 2021, researchers (Serina Wittyngham, Leah Scott, Andrew Nemeth, Emily Goetz, Esther Harper-Smith, David Johnson, and Cora Johnston) noticed blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus, ambushing fiddler crabs, Minuca (=Uca) pugnax, and purple marsh crabs, Sesarma reticulatum, from small, muddy pits in the marsh in Painter, Virginia, at low tide. On 28 Sept 2021, David returned to the marsh to estimate blue-crab density in the tall-form Spartina alterniflora (low marsh), the Sesarma-denuded zones and the short-form S. alterniflora (high marsh) zones by haphazardly tossing 15 1-m2 quadrats along a 200 m transect that crossed 6 creekheads. He also measured carapace width and the corresponding pit width and depth in which the crabs were found for up to 15 hapazardly encountered crabs in each of these zones (only 1 found in SSA). Sex was also noted. Surveys were conducted at low tide.
Morphometry of Atlantic Ocean Barrier Islands, Lagoons and Marshes 1978
This data set contains morphometric measures of the lagoons of the Atlantic Coast. The goal was to obtain a measure of the complexity of the marshes that filled the lagoons behind the barrier islands. ABSTRACT The width, depth, marsh cover, and marsh-water interfaces were recorded for the lagoons along the 2000 km of coast between Long Island, New York and Miami, Florida. Eigenvectors of these variables for 134 sites (cases) were calculated and analyzed to identify the characteristic variations of these morphometric attributes. Three modes of variation account for 88% of Ihe variance of the original data: the dominant mode contrasts wide, complex lagoons and narrow, simple lagoons. The second contrasts wide, simple with narrow, complex lagoons. A third mode contrasts wide, shallow, complex with narrow, deep lagoons with few marsh-water intersects. The first mode is correlated geographically with variations in the steepness and curvature of the inner portion of the continental shelf. Using variations in the morphometric attributes of the lagoon-marsh system and the fronting islands on the ocean side, the Atlantic coast barrier islands, lagoons, and marshes are classified into three regions and eight sub-regions. The concept of barrier island ''ensembles'' along the Atlantic coast is reviewed in terms of the island-lagoon marsh system and their covariation with offshore bathymetry. The concept of these ensembles is strongly supported.
Shoot height and average carbon:nitrogen ratio for Spartina alterniflora in intertidal marshes on Hog Island, Parramore Island, Quinby inlet, and Phillips Creek of the Virginia Coast Reserve 1988-1989
Shoot height and average carbon:nitrogen ratio for Spartina alterniflora in intertidal marshes on Hog Island (Cattleshed Creek and Hodges Narrows), Parramore Island (Cresent Island: South Parramore), Quinby Inlet (Chimney Pole Marsh), and Phillips Creek (Phillips Creek) of the Virginia Coast Reserve 1988-1989.
Cape Marsh Rock Magnetics & U-Pb Zircon Data
<p>Raw rock magnetic and U-Pb zircon data for manuscript "­­New evidence of a Campanian age for the Cretaceous fossil-bearing strata of Cape Marsh, Robertson Island, Antarctica­­"</p>
Analysis of migration patterns of western marsh harriers using GPS tracking data
<p>This repository contains analysis code for Vansteelant et al. (2020, <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-020-01785-6">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10336-020-01785-6</a>). See the <code>README.md</code> for more information.</p>
New species boundaries and the diversification history of marsh rat taxa clarify historical connections among ecologically and geographically distinct wetlands of South America
<p><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span><span>Taxa with broad geographic ranges that occur in different biomes and exhibit plastic morphological traits and/or adaptations to particular habitats make inferences about species boundaries especially challenging. However, technological and conceptual advances in the generation and analysis of genomic data have advanced the description of biodiversity. Here we address the outstanding questions about the delimitation of species in the genus <i>Holochilus, </i>a rodent with morphological specializations to wetland habitats, distributed through almost all the South America continent using genome‐wide SNP and morphometric data. Specifically, we apply a Bayesian model‐based species delimitation that revealed significant re-arrangements of species boundaries based on consideration of both morphometric and genomic data alone, or in combination. With these shifts in species boundaries, our results provide an insightful framework for inferring the group's biogeographic history and considering possible connections between disjoint biomes in South America. Because of the ecological constraints of the marsh rats, and with the proposed taxonomic re-arrangements, the significance of our findings extends beyond systematics and suggests how diversification might be associated with past ecological/environmental changes during the Pleistocene. Overall, this study highlights how genomic data can provide phylogenetic information for resolving relationships among species of <i>Holochilus</i>, but also the importance of integrative approaches to identify evolutionary independent species. For the relatively understudied vast wetlands of South America, a robust species delimitation framework therefore becomes a critical source of data relevant to hypotheses about the history of the biomes themselves.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p>
Similar but different: Revealing the relative roles of species‐traits versus biome properties structuring genetic variation in South American marsh rats
<p>Aim: Wetland habitats, and the ecological restrictions imposed by them, structure patterns of genetic variation in constituent taxa. As such, genetic variation may reflect properties of the specific biomes species inhabit, or shared life history traits among species may result in similar genetic structure. We evaluated these hypotheses jointly by quantifying the similarity of genetic structure in three South American marsh rat species (Holochilus), and test how genetic variation in each species relates to biome‐specific environmental space and historical stability.</p> <p>Location: South America.</p> <p>Taxon: Rodentia.</p> <p>Methods: Using complementary analyses (Mantel tests, dbRDA, Procrustes, covariance structure of allele frequencies and environmental niche models [ENMs]) with 8,000–32,000 SNPs per species, we quantified the association between genomic variation and geographic and/or environmental differences.</p> <p>Results: Significant association between genetic variation and geography was identified for all species. Similarity in the strength of the association suggests connectivity patterns dictated by shared species‐traits predominate at the biome scale. However, substantial amounts of genetic variation are not explained by geography. Focusing on this portion of the variance, we demonstrate a significant quantitative association between genetic variation and the environmental space of a biome, and a qualitative association with varying regional stability. Specifically, historically stable areas estimated from ecological niche models are correlated with local levels of geographic structuring, suggesting that local biome‐specific histories affect population isolation/ connectivity.</p>
Data from: Consequences of breeding system for body condition and survival throughout the annual cycle of tidal marsh sparrows
An individual's body condition and probability of survival can change throughout the annual cycle, based on the combined effects of many factors, including reproductive investment during breeding, colder temperatures during winter, and elevated risks during migration. We evaluated body condition and survival during breeding and non-breeding periods in two closely related species with notably different reproductive systems. Male and female saltmarsh sparrows (Ammodramus caudacutus) represent extremes in parental care: males perform none, leaving females to do everything from build nests to care for fledglings. In contrast, male and female seaside sparrows (A. maritimus) have bi-parental care and similar levels of reproductive investment, intermediate between male and female saltmarsh sparrows. Our results are consistent with the idea that females experience non-lethal effects of reproduction, and that differences between the breeding season and winter affect condition. In both species, females had lower scaled mass index (SMI) values than males during both breeding and non-breeding seasons, and female saltmarsh sparrows had lower SMI values than female seaside sparrows. Females carried more fat than males during the breeding season, and female, but not male, fat and muscle scores decreased over time, which is consistent with the adaptive mass hypothesis. In winter, all groups carried more fat and had higher muscle scores than when breeding, despite having lower SMI scores. Although we observed variation in body condition, within-season survival was uniformly high in both seasons, suggesting that sex, species, season, body size, and body condition have little impacts on within season survival. Comparisons with previously-published estimates of annual adult survival suggest that most mortality occurs during migration, even in these short-distance migrants. The importance of considering multiple aspects of body condition, multiple seasons, and difficult-to-monitor events, such as migration, should not be ignored when thinking about the events and processes that cumulatively determine population dynamics.
Data/code from: Long-term data reveal that grazer density mediates climatic stress in salt marshes
<p>Understanding how climate and local stressors interact is paramount for predicting future ecosystem structure. The effects of stressors are often examined in small-scale and short-term field experiments, limiting understanding of the spatial and temporal generality of the findings. Using a 22-year observational dataset of plant and grazer abundance in a Southeastern US salt marsh, we analyzed how changes in drought and snail density combined to affect plant biomass. We found: (1) increased drought severity and higher snail density both correlated with lower plant biomass; (2) drought and snail effects interacted additively; and, (3) snail effects had a threshold, with additive top-down effects only occurring when snails were present at high densities. These results suggest that the emergence of multiple stressor effects can be density-dependent, and they validate short-term experimental evidence that consumers can exacerbate environmental stress. These findings have important implications for predicting future ecosystem structure and managing natural ecosystems.</p><p>The data and code included here can be used to replicate all analyses and figures in our manuscript.</p>
Sorption of Colored vs Noncolored Organic Matter by Tidal Marsh Soils
<p>Raw Data for publication Sorption of Colored vs Noncolored Organic Matter by Tidal Marsh Soils<span> </span></p> <p><span> </span>Patrick J. Neale, J. Patrick Megonigal, Maria Tzortziou, Elizabeth A. Canuel, Christina R. Pondell, and Hannah Morrissette, Biogeosciences (in press)<span> </span></p> <p>https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2023-2329<span> </span></p> <p>Correspondence:<span> </span>Patrick Neale (nealep@si.edu)<span> </span></p>
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