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10,016 results for “Observation”
Figure 3 from: Corti E, Palchetti E, Biricolti S, Gori M, Tani C, Squillace A, Pittella A, Papini A, Falsini S (2021) Histochemical observations in Piper malgassicum (Piperaceae) with a special focus on the epidermis. Italian Botanist 12: 29-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.12.70675
Figure 3 A portion of the leaf lamina in autofluorescence under blue-violet light showing the red fluorescence of chlorophyll and the red fluorescence of the trichome contents B detail of image A. Lipid droplets show green fluorescence C trichomes and cuticles appearing Sudan Black positive D sudan Black stained lipid droplets positively in the spaces between chlorenchyma cells, both in the spongy and the palisade parenchyma (black arrows) E leaf stained with NADI reaction. Positive cells can be observed in the mesophyll (arrows) F lower epidermis and trichome stained with NADI GLM images showing the trichome and cuticle slightly reddish while cutin and suberin resulted stainedbrownish with Sudan III–IV H Fluorescence images with Fluorol Yellow staining revealing the lipids in the cuticleand aggregates in the epidermis and mesophyll I detail of H): trichome stained with FY088. Ld: lipid droplet; Ue: upper/adaxial epidermis, Uh: upper hypodermis, Pa: palisade tissue, Sp: spongy tissue, Lh: lower hypodermis, Le: lower/abaxial epidermis, Gt: glandular trichomes.
Figure 6 from: Corti E, Palchetti E, Biricolti S, Gori M, Tani C, Squillace A, Pittella A, Papini A, Falsini S (2021) Histochemical observations in Piper malgassicum (Piperaceae) with a special focus on the epidermis. Italian Botanist 12: 29-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.12.70675
Figure 6 P. malgassicum anther A Semithin section stained with toluidine blue showing the shape and structure of the anther. Anther wall (here already dehiscent) formed by 2–3 layers of cells B semithin section showing the microspores surrounded by the tapetum C microspores are in the locule surrounded by the tapetum. Small electron-dense particles (orbicles) are lined along the tapetal cells plasma membrane, while some larger masses can be observed in the locule (black arrow) D anther trichome. Some plastids contain large electron-dense bodies E detail of D The large electron-dense bodies inside the plastid occur together with starch grains F anther epidermis: electron-dense bodies are present in the vacuoles. Some plastids are present with stored starch. Large medium electron dense granular bodies can be found between the vacuole and the external plasma membrane G in a preliminary stage, the electron-dense masses in the vacuole are surrounded by a more electron transparent layer H at a successive stage, the electron-dense bodies occupy a large part of the vacuolar volume. Ga: microspores/male gametophyte; L: locule; sp: tapetum/sporophytic tissue; ep: epidermis; end: endothecium, ml: middle layer; st: secretory tapetum; Mcs: microspore; EDB: electron-dense bodies; Mt: mitochondria; Pa: protein aggregate; Ep: elaioplast; yLPT: young lipotubule: Lpt: lipotubule; V: vacuole; Td: terpenic droplets.
Figure 4 from: Corti E, Palchetti E, Biricolti S, Gori M, Tani C, Squillace A, Pittella A, Papini A, Falsini S (2021) Histochemical observations in Piper malgassicum (Piperaceae) with a special focus on the epidermis. Italian Botanist 12: 29-47. https://doi.org/10.3897/italianbotanist.12.70675
Figure 4 LM images of the cross-sections of P. malgassicum leaf (A–F) and stem (G, H) APAS positivity of trichomes and epidermis cells BPAS positivity of the epidermal cells and terpenic droplet below the first layer of cells C staining with FeCl3 D leaf lamina positive to Wagner staining E detail of D showing alkaloid droplets in the hypodermis cell F detail of D showing alkaloid droplets in hypodermis idioblasts G stem stained with Toluidine blue showing the thick layer of collenchyma beneath the epidermis and the two concentric circles of vascular bundles H detail of G showing the wall thickenings of the angular collenchyma. Ad: Alkaloid droplet; Cb: cortical circle of vascular bundles; Co: angular collenchyma; cx: cortex; ep: epidermis; hp: hypodermis; Mb: medullary circle of vascular bundles; Pi: pith; Td: terpenic droplet; Tr: trichome; Uh: upper hypodermis.
IT-SNOW: a snow reanalysis for Italy blending modeling, in-situ data, and satellite observations
<p>IT-SNOW is a serially complete and multi-year snow reanalysis for Italy. The dataset includes daily maps of Snow Water Equivalent (SWE), snow depth (HS), bulk-snow density (RhoS), and liquid water content (Theta_W). </p> <p>Data are organized in monthly netCDF files, each providing time and lat/lon information for georeference. Units are as follows: HS is in cm, SWE is in mm w.e., RhoS is in kg/m3, and Theta_W is in %. Note that maps are instantaneous snapshots at 11AM UTC, here assumed as representative values for the day. </p> <p>As the output of an operational chain employed in real-world civil-protection applications (S3M Italy), IT-SNOW ingests input data from thousands of automatic weather stations, snow-covered-area maps from Sentinel 2, MODIS, and H-SAF products, and maps of snow depth from the spazialization of 1000+ on-the-ground snow-depth sensors. Additional information are available in the following paper submitted to Earth System Science Data: </p> <p>"IT-SNOW: a snow reanalysis for Italy blending modeling, in-situ data, and satellite observations (2009-2021)", Francesco Avanzi et al., 2022. </p> <p>The initial time span of data is September 1, 2010 to August 31, 2021, with future updates envisaged on an annual basis (see updates below).</p> <p><strong>UPDATES</strong></p> <ul> <li>September 29, 2025: released v5 with the complete 2025 water year (September 2024 - August 2025).</li> <li>November 12, 2024: released v4 with the complete 2024 water year (September 2023 - August 2024).</li> <li>September 02, 2024: released v3.1 with the complete 2023 water year (September 2022 - August 2023) AND all previous water years (which were inadvertently NOT carried over while creating v3).</li> <li>September 02, 2024: released v3 with the complete 2023 water year (September 2022 - August 2023).</li> <li>December 20, 2023: released v2 with the complete 2022 water year (September 2021 - August 2022).</li> </ul> <p>LICENSE INFORMATION</p> <p>IT-SNOW is distributed under a CC BY-NC 4.0 license. you are free to: </p> <p>1. Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format; <br>2. Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material;</p> <p>under the following terms: </p> <p>a. Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.<br>b. NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.</p> <p><br>DATA ARE PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THESE DATA, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.</p> <p>For details about the CC BY-NC 4.0 license, see: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/deed.en</p>
Frost observation in 304 sites in France
<p>frost observation in four sites in France</p>
FIGURE 1 in On some sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from off the south and west coasts of South Africa collected by the South African Environmental and Observation Network (SAEON)
FIGURE 1. Zygothuria lactea. (Theel,1886) A32143. A. Tentacle rods; B. Body wall ossicles.
Figure 7 from: Pitts J, Barthelemy C (2012) Observations on the nesting behavior of two agenielline spider wasps (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) in Hong Kong, China: Macromerella honesta (Smith) and an Auplopus species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28: 13-35. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.28.3010
Figure 7 - Auplopus Nest 1 with original female provisioning a cell with a dismembered single prey (26 June 2006).
Figure 4 from: Pitts J, Barthelemy C (2012) Observations on the nesting behavior of two agenielline spider wasps (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) in Hong Kong, China: Macromerella honesta (Smith) and an Auplopus species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28: 13-35. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.28.3010
Figure 4 - Macromerella Nest 2 showing irregular shaped structure possibly due to overlap of construction following occupation by two or more generations (31 August 2006).
Figure 9 from: Pitts J, Barthelemy C (2012) Observations on the nesting behavior of two agenielline spider wasps (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) in Hong Kong, China: Macromerella honesta (Smith) and an Auplopus species. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 28: 13-35. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.28.3010
Figure 9 - Auplopus Nest 2 with resinous material applied to the entire structure, appearing as darker shades of yellow to red 30 June 2006).
Figures 2-4 from: (2010) Further observations on scorpion genera Hadrurus and Hoffmannihadrurus (Scorpiones, Caraboctonidae). ZooKeys 59: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.59.546
Figures 2-4 - Hadrurus pinteri, chelal neobothriotaxy showing examples of patterns with the largest number of accessory trichobothria (closed circles). 2 External view of left chela (reversed), juvenile male, Punta Trinidad, Baja California Sur, Mexico, showing five external accessory (Ea) trichobothria, including the diagnostic Ea on the base of the fixed finger (db, dst, and dt are not shown) 3 Internal view of left chela (reversed), adult female, Loreto, Baja California Sur, Mexico, showing nine internal trichobothria, including ib–it and seven accessory trichobothria (ia). Note that the accessory trichobothria reduce in size somewhat as they occur basally 4 Ventral view of right chela, adult female, Bahia Concepción, Baja California Sur, Mexico, showing 32 ventral trichobothria, including V1–V4, and Et1 (note that V1–V4 are not distinguished from accessory trichobothria).
Figures 5-16 from: (2010) Further observations on scorpion genera Hadrurus and Hoffmannihadrurus (Scorpiones, Caraboctonidae). ZooKeys 59: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.59.546
Figures 5-16 - Carapaces and chelae of Hadrurus and Hoffmannihadrurus showing the variability in coloration and its patterns. Of particular interest is the range of variability in Hadrurus concolorous (Figs 6–9, 14–15) exhibiting dark coloration patterns essentially identical to Hadrurus pinteri (Figs 5, 13) to pale yellow with little or no patterns. Also of interest is the darken posterior half of the carapace in Hoffmannihadrurus gertschi, matching the same area that is also darkened in Hoffmannihadrurus aztecus 5, 13 Hadrurus pinteri, male, San Miguel de Comondú, Baja California Sur, Mexico 6 Hadrurus concolorous, female, Tambobiche, Baja California Sur, Mexico 7, 14 Hadrurus concolorous, male, San Miguel de Comondú, Baja California Sur, Mexico (same locality as Hadrurus pinteri in Fig. 5) 8 Hadrurus concolorous, male, Santa Rosalia, Baja California Sur, Mexico 9, 15 Hadrurus concolorous, male, Las Bombas, Baja California Sur, Mexico 10 Hadrurus hirsutus, male, Cabo San Lucas, Baja California Sur, Mexico 11, 16 Hoffmannihadrurus gertschi, female paratype, Azcala, Guerrero, Mexico 12 Hoffmannihadrurus aztecus, female, Tehuacán, Puebla, Mexico.
Figure 17 from: (2010) Further observations on scorpion genera Hadrurus and Hoffmannihadrurus (Scorpiones, Caraboctonidae). ZooKeys 59: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.59.546
Figure 17 - Method of measurement of carapace for genera Hadrurus and Hoffmannihadrurus for determining morphometric ratio anterior_edge_ length (x) / median_tubercle_position (y). Shaded area indicates anterior_edge_length. Diagrammatic drawings based on Hadrurus pinteri and Hoffmannihadrurus gertschi.
Figure 1 from: (2010) Further observations on scorpion genera Hadrurus and Hoffmannihadrurus (Scorpiones, Caraboctonidae). ZooKeys 59: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.59.546
Figure 1 - Reported distribution of Hadrurus pinteri. The two dotted line areas partition Hadrurus pinteri distribution into the northern and southern portions of Baja California Peninsula, Mexico. These areas, in general, denote the original distribution reported by Williams (1970: fig. 45). Solid icons indicate localities of specimens used in our statistics, triangles northern specimens and circles southern specimens. Note that localities indicated with icons are labeled with larger text. Boxed inset map indicates the portion of Baja California, Mexico shown in foreground terrain map.
Figure 6 from: Biedermann P (2010) Observations on sex ratio and behavior of males in Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg (Scolytinae, Coleoptera). ZooKeys 56: 253-267. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.530
Figure 6 - Behaviors of males in laboratory galleries of Xyleborinus saxesenii. Males (N = 8 galleries) were observed for 10 min and proportion of time spent with the different behaviors was calculated. The grey bars show the mean +/- SE for each behavior across all males. Male mating behaviors were further split into mating attempt and mating, and the age class of the female partner is reported.
Figure 3 from: Biedermann P (2010) Observations on sex ratio and behavior of males in Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg (Scolytinae, Coleoptera). ZooKeys 56: 253-267. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.530
Figure 3 - Presence of males in relation to the productivity of laboratory galleries of Xyleborinus saxesenii. Box-whisker plots with median, 90%, 75%, 25%, and 10% quartiles are shown. Mann-Whitney U-test: T = 423, p < 0.001, N = 21 + 49 galleries.
Figure 5 from: Biedermann P (2010) Observations on sex ratio and behavior of males in Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg (Scolytinae, Coleoptera). ZooKeys 56: 253-267. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.530
Figure 5 - Timing of male and female hatching, maturation, and dispersal in laboratory galleries of Xyleborinus saxesenii. The correlation of the first male and female hatching from the pupal stage and the correlation between the last date a not-fully sclerotized female was seen, and the first male dispersal event (N = 29 galleries) were determined where possible and contributed one data point per gallery to this graph. Box-whisker plots with median, 90%, 75%, 25%, and 10% quartiles are shown. Mann-Whitney U-tests: T = 1066, p < 0.001, N = 29 + 29 galleries (female vs. male hatching); T = 325.5, p = 0.053, N = 26 + 13 galleries (female maturation vs. male dispersal).
Figure 2 from: Biedermann P (2010) Observations on sex ratio and behavior of males in Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg (Scolytinae, Coleoptera). ZooKeys 56: 253-267. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.530
Figure 2 - Occurrence of males in laboratory galleries of Xyleborinus saxesenii. The maximum number of males per gallery across the observation period is reported (N = 70 galleries). The data significantly differs from the expected Poisson distribution.
Figure 4 from: Biedermann P (2010) Observations on sex ratio and behavior of males in Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg (Scolytinae, Coleoptera). ZooKeys 56: 253-267. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.530
Figure 4 - The number of males in relation to the number of females in laboratory galleries of Xyleborinus saxesenii. Each gallery is represented by one data point (N = 70). Linear regression (males = 0.785 + (0.0119 * females)): F = 3.824, p = 0.055, DF = 1.
Figure 1 from: Biedermann P (2010) Observations on sex ratio and behavior of males in Xyleborinus saxesenii Ratzeburg (Scolytinae, Coleoptera). ZooKeys 56: 253-267. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.530
Figure 1 - Parts of a brood chamber of Xyleborinus saxesenii in artificial medium. 1st and 2nd/3rd instar larvae, several pupae, two immature females and a male are visible. The male is mounting an immature female.
Figure 2 from: Freeman J (2011) Tabanidae and other Diptera on Camel's Hump Vermont: Ecological Observations. ZooKeys 147: 559-576. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.1989
Figure 2 - Figure 2. Canopy trap in Hut Clearing. Elevation 1158 m. Lower black part of trap changes bright reflection at right to a more "flat" black at left with a 90 degree turn of polarizing filter on camera lens. Photo here is from opening as Long Trail enters from the north. The Hut Clearing is a four-way junction of trails on Camel's Hump and a convenient place for a trap, fully visible to flies.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.