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396 results for “Archaeology”
Long time-series ecological niche modelling using archaeological settlement data.
<p><strong>CR_settlement_niche_[N]_[Yr]_[BC/AD].tif</strong></p> <p>Ecological niche models in GeoTIFF format generated with the MaxEnt software based using prehistoric settlement evidence as training data and environmental layers (elevation, mean annual precipitation, mean annual temperature, landscape water balance, soil types) as background data. Raster values represent the probability of presence of a settlement.<br> <strong>N</strong> - chronological ordering<br> <strong>Yr, BC/AD</strong> - calendar years BC or AD</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>CR_settlement_niche_combined.tif</strong></p> <p>All models combined by averaging.</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>CR_settlement_archeo.zip</strong></p> <p>Archaeological data used to train the MaxEnt models in ESRI SHP format with the following fields:</p> <p><strong>Site_Type:</strong> Cemetery or Settlement</p> <p><strong>Archeo_Dat:</strong> Archaeological dating (culture or period)</p> <p><strong>Source:</strong> Source dataset (AMCR or LONGWOOD)</p> <p>AMCR: Archeologická mapa České republiky – Archaeological Map of the Czech Republic. Retrieved from https://digiarchiv.aiscr.cz/.</p> <p>LONGWOOD: Kolář, J., Tkáč, P., Macek, M., & Szabó, P. (2016). Archaeology and Historical Ecology: the Archaeological Database of the LONGWOOD ERC Project. Archäologisches Korrespondenzblatt 46/4, 539-554.</p> <p><strong>Yrs_BP_Avg:</strong> Average dating in calendar years BP (based on the archaeological dating)</p> <p><strong>Yrs_BP_Unc:</strong> Temporal uncertainty of the dating (half of the culture or period's duration)</p> <p><strong>Loc_Accur:</strong> Spatial accuracy derived from the recorded degree of the accuracy of location (radius in meters around the center point)</p>
Towards new demography proxies and regional chronologies: Radiocarbon dates from archaeological contexts located in the Czech Republic covering the period between 10,000 BC and AD 1250 (dataset)
<p>The dataset was created within the project “<em>Land use, social transformations and woodland in Central European Prehistory. Modelling approaches to human-environment interactions</em>” funded by the Czech Science Foundation (19-20970Y). This dataset represents the largest and the most comprehensive collection of archaeological radiocarbon dates from the Czech Republic to date. The dataset offers 1579 samples from 347 archaeological sites dating from Early Mesolithic (10 000 BC) to Medieval Period (AD 1250). Published in a simple spreadsheet format, the database offers researchers a quick tool for further analyses. It is important to highlight that dates we collected originated only from archaeological contexts, which means that we have excluded some radiocarbon dates produced through palaeoecological research without a direct relationship to past human activities, such as pollen records or samples from fossilized trees in river beds. The dataset is intended to be used for demographic modelling of population numbers during periods without written records, i.e. prehistory.</p>
Orthophotos, DSMs and interpretation files of the remote sensing assessment of archaeological damage and destruction at Nineveh, Iraq, during the ISIS occupation
<p>Archaeological heritage has long been threatened by damage or destruction during armed conflicts. Recently, however, deliberate destruction has increasingly become a major part of daily threats in some areas. In that context these datasets describe the results of a programme of remote sensing of damage at Nineveh, within a wider research initiative involving six years of monitoring in northern Iraq. Analysis of satellite imagery, low-and level airphotography observation were combined in a comprehensive assessment of the damage. These datasets present an updated topographic map of Nineveh and its city walls, with a summary of the damage encountered.</p>
Scholarly articles written by women extracted from Indexes of Archaeological Papers (1891-1907) and Gomme's Index of Archaeological Papers 1665-1890
<p>The dataset `List-of-Women-in-Archaeological-Indexes_cleaned.tsv` contains scholarly articles written by women extracted from annual <em>Indexes of Archaeological Papers</em> published between 1891 and 1907 inclusive and George Laurence Gomme's <a href="https://archive.org/details/indexofarchaeolo00gommrich/page/n5/mode/2up"><em>Index of Archaeological Papers 1665-1890</em></a>, referred to hereafter as the source datasets. These Indexes were published in London, initially by the Congress of Archaeological Societies directly, and from 1898 by Archibald Constable & Co. The Indexes were sent to Societies subscribing to the Congress, but could also be acquired separately. A list of indexes consulted in available on our <a href="https://www.zotero.org/groups/4509023/beyond_notability/collections/FDKSUL8J">Zotero library</a>.</p> <p>The dataset is published in .tsv and .xslx formats.</p> <p>This is v2 of the dataset, including some cleaned publication titles and the addition of the socities that published each journal (v2.1 fixes a faulty dataset export in v2).</p>
Aoife Daly & Ian Tyers 2022. The sources of Baltic oak. Journal of Archaeological Science 139, 105550, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2022.105550
<p>Past trade in oak from the lands to the east and south of the Baltic Sea was extraordinary in that it dominated the Northern European market for specialized oak products for many centuries. Equally extraordinary is the fact that since the 1980s, when a large corpus of dendrochronological data from artworks was demonstrated to represent the material evidence for this past trade, we, until now, have not been able to pinpoint where, in this large region, the trees for this trade grew. Through our analysis we can now present the likely sources of three major timber groups in this material, and significantly, the new chronologies that we make available here, will be the key foundation for dating and identifying provenance of Baltic oak, for tree-ring research long into the future.</p>
Dataset: Human-vegetation dynamics in Holocene South-Eastern Norway based on radiocarbon-dated charcoal from archaeological excavations
<p>The repository contains radiocarbon data used in the paper <em>Human-vegetation dynamics in Holocene South-Eastern Norway based on radiocarbon-dated charcoal from archaeological excavations</em>, written by By Axel Mjærum, Kjetil Loftsgarden, and Steinar Solheim (University of Oslo).</p> <p>The paper is accepted for publication in The Holocene.</p> <p>ABSTRACT: Charcoal from archaeological contexts differs from off-site pollen samples as it is mainly a product of intentional human action. As such, analysis of charcoal from excavations is a valuable addition to studies of past vegetation and the interaction between humans and the environment. In this paper, we use a dataset consisting of 6,186 dated tree species samples from 1,239 archaeological sites as a proxy to explore parts of the Holocene forest development and human-vegetation dynamics in South-Eastern Norway.</p> <p>From the middle of the Late Neolithic (from <em>c</em>. 2000 BC) throughout the Early Iron Age (to <em>c</em>. AD 550) the region’s agriculture is characterized by fields, pastures, and fallow. Based on our data, we argue that these practices, combined with forest management, clearly altered the natural distribution of trees, and favoured some species of broadleaved trees. The past distribution of hazel (<em>Corylus avellana</em>) is an example of human impact on the vegetation. Today, hazel is not even among the 15 most common tree species, while it is one of the most prevalent species in the archaeological record before AD 550. The data indicate that this species was favoured already by the region’s Mesolithic hunter-fisher-gatherers, and that it was among the species that thrived extremely well in the early farming landscape. Secondly, our analysis also indicates that spruce (<em>Picea abies</em>) first formed large stands in the south-eastern parts of Norway <em>c</em>. 500 BC, centuries earlier than previously assumed. It is argued that this event, and a further westward expansion of spruce, was partly a consequence of a specific historical event – the first millennium BC farming expansion.</p>
3D visualization of bioerosion in archaeological bone
<p>Set of five microCT volume images of archaeological samples. 8-bit TIFF images stacks in zipped folders.</p>
Valencia Archaeological Surveys (1990-2004), Arizona State University and University of Valencia
<p>Archaeological survey data from Valencia, Spain</p>
Archaeological Survey of India Collections: Burma Circle, 1903-07. Photo 1004/1 : 1903-1907 (.jpg format)
<p>This is a digitized collections of photos held by the British Library (catalog record photo 1004/1). These photos were taken by the Archeological Survey of India (Burma Circle) between 1903-1907. The digitization was conducted by the photography lab of the British Library as part of the Pyu epigraphy sub-project (PI, Nathan W. Hill of SOAS University of London) of the ERC synergy grant "Beyond Boundaries: Religion, Region, Language and the State" (Identifier: ASIA 609823). The original photographs are under crown copyright, which means that sufficient time has past for them to be distributed to the public. Here is the record from the BL--</p> <p> </p> <ul> <li><strong>Title:</strong> <p>Archaeological Survey of India Collections: Burma Circle, 1903-07. Photographer(s): Archaeological Survey of India</p> </li> <li><strong>Collection Area: </strong> Visual Arts</li> <li><strong>Reference: </strong> Photo 1004/1</li> <li><strong>Creation Date: </strong> 1903-1907</li> <li><strong>Extent and Access: </strong><br> <strong>Extent: </strong>418 items<br> <strong>Conditions of Use: </strong>Appointment Required to view these records. Please consult Asian and African Studies Print Room staff.</li> <li><strong>Language: </strong> Not applicable</li> <li><strong>Contents and Scope: </strong><br> <strong>Contents: </strong> <p>Blue half-leather album, 385x322mm, containing prints mounted on pages interleaved with tissue. The photographs were taken by the Archaeological Survey, Burma, between 1903-07, and listed in the annual Report of the Superintendent... Copies of each year's report precede the photographs for that year, as follows:</p> <p>Year Photo no</p> <p>1903-04 1-123</p> <p>1904-05 124-304</p> <p>1905-06 305-407</p> <p>1906-07 408-509</p> <p>The photographs, including views of Burmese architecture, sculpture and relics, were taken under the direction of the Superintendent, Archaeological Survey, Burma (previously known as the Government Archaeologist), a post held at the time by Taw Sein Ko.</p> <p>Process = Collodio-chloride prints</p> <p>Photographers = Archaeological Survey of India., ;</p> </li> <li><strong>History: </strong><br> <strong>Immediate Source of Acquisition: </strong> <p>Official Deposit</p> </li> <li><strong>Related persons, etc: </strong> Archaeological Survey of India, Unspecified</li> <li><strong>Related places: </strong> Mandalay, Myanmar, Asia, Unspecified</li> <li><strong>Related subjects: </strong> Archaeological Survey Of India Collections<br> Archaeological Survey Of India: Burma Series</li> </ul>
3D models (NXS): Towards a spatial data repository for archaeological research in the Romanian Mostiștea Basin and Danube Valley
<p><span>Spatial data are crucial in archaeological research, where orthophotos, digital elevation models, and 3D models are widely used for mapping, documenting, and monitoring archaeological sites. The introduction of affordable and compact unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has significantly advanced the use of UAV-based photogrammetry in the past 20 years. Recently, compact airborne systems have also enabled the capture of thermal, multispectral, and aerial laser scanning data. This study presents the data acquired with different platforms and sensors at Chalcolithic archaeological sites in Romania's Mostiștea Basin and Danube Valley. Since laser scanning and photogrammetry generate large data volumes, data storage and dissemination must also be carefully considered. Based on a thorough study of system performance, data acquisition and processing methods, and data outputs, a workflow for the systematic mapping and documentation of sites has been proposed. Given the experience obtained in the last 5 summer campaigns (2018-2023), 19 sites have been accurately mapped, of which 5 sites are mapped using airborne laser scanning. 18 sites are documented using multispectral photogrammetry, and for 17 sites, interactive image-based 3D models are acquired using true-color photogrammetry. All data are stored on a publicly accessible website for visualization, as well as on an open-data platform for data exchange. For the multispectral data, a raster tile service has been implemented, allowing the use of the data in a GIS environment.</span></p>
3D models (true color, TIF): Towards a spatial data repository for archaeological research in the Romanian Mostiștea Basin and Danube Valley
<p>Spatial data are crucial in archaeological research, where orthophotos, digital elevation models, and 3D models are widely used for mapping, documenting, and monitoring archaeological sites. The introduction of affordable and compact unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has significantly advanced the use of UAV-based photogrammetry in the past 20 years. Recently, compact airborne systems have also enabled the capture of thermal, multispectral, and aerial laser scanning data. This study presents the data acquired with different platforms and sensors at Chalcolithic archaeological sites in Romania's Mostiștea Basin and Danube Valley. Since laser scanning and photogrammetry generate large data volumes, data storage and dissemination must also be carefully considered. Based on a thorough study of system performance, data acquisition and processing methods, and data outputs, a workflow for the systematic mapping and documentation of sites has been proposed. Given the experience obtained in the last 5 summer campaigns (2018-2023), 19 sites have been accurately mapped, of which 5 sites are mapped using airborne laser scanning. 18 sites are documented using multispectral photogrammetry, and for 17 sites, interactive image-based 3D models are acquired using true-color photogrammetry. All data are stored on a publicly accessible website for visualization, as well as on an open-data platform for data exchange. For the multispectral data, a raster tile service has been implemented, allowing the use of the data in a GIS environment.</p>
Tawi Said Archaeological Survey: GIS
<p>This is part of the data (GIS) obtained during the survey at Tawi Said 2018. More data can be found in the other submissions of the Tawi Said Archaeological Survey community.</p> <p>The site of Tawi Said is located in the Al-Sharqiyah governorate, approximately 5 km northwest of the modern city of Bidiyah, on the edge of the Sharqiyah Desert. It was discovered in 1976 by Beatrice de Cardi. Two years later, she returned to conduct small scale excavations at the site. Subsequently, numerous references to the site were made in the literature as the only known settlement of the Wadi Suq period (2000-1600 BC) in Central Oman.</p> <p>In November 2018, a short survey was conducted by the Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, in Tawi Said. An area of 150 x 120 m was intensively field-walked in 1.5 m wide transects to ensure complete visual coverage of the investigated area. Each find received an ascending number and its exact location was recorded using a portable GPS device. In total, nearly 7500 objects were documented that date back to the Wadi Suq, as well as the (late) Islamic period. Among the finds, the largest group of artefacts, by far, is of pottery sherds, followed by marine shells and snails, stone artefacts, metal objects, and jewellery. Furthermore, two stamp seals, one of them of a Wadi Suq period date, were found.</p>
Making Archaeology FAIR[ER]
<p>In April 2018, at the Society for American Archaeology’s 83rd Annual Meeting in Washington, D.C., Sarah Whitcher Kansa, Julian Richards and Willeke Wendrich hosted a forum entitled ‘Making Archaeology Fair’ (see abstract below). The forum responded to a recently published <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/sdata201618">article by Wilkinson et al.</a> outlining FAIR data principles, centred on avenues for making scientific data findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable. In preparation for this forum, I produced this illustrated graphic. </p>
Malwa site survey : archaeological site distribution maps
<p>Malwa site survey : archaeological site distribution maps. (1) mosaic based on Survey of India maps; (2) (3) study area; (4) Vidisha Raisen area.</p>
Computer Applications in Archaeology conference proceedings citation analysis
<p>Comma-separated values (csv) files to accompany the paper: </p> <p>Huggett, J. (2024). 'Changing Theory and Practice? CAA and Archaeology's Digital Turn'. <em>Journal of Computer Applications in Archaeology</em> 7(1), pp. 316–331. DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.5334/jcaa.144" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.5334/jcaa.144</a></p> <p>The data are based on the Scopus citation database (see <a href="https://www.elsevier.com/products/scopus" target="_blank" rel="noopener">https://www.elsevier.com/products/scopus</a>). The copyright for the database itself is held by Elsevier and requires a subscription to access. These files are derived data only, consisting of counts and associated statistics.</p>
Raw data for analysis of archaeological collections using scoring
<p>The file includes data in the form of attributes identifying the cultural or natural origin of archaeological collections composed of flakes and blades made of flint. The collections attributed to the Lower and Middle Palaeolithic in Poland and Germany. The last collection consists of experimentally produced samples. These collections are held at the Muzeum Śląska Opolskiego in Opole, University of Wrocław, University of Silesia in Katowice, Sosnowiec and Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte in Halle (Saale). The collected data was used to improve the method hitherto applied to distinguish sets composed of artefacts and pseudo-artefacts using so-called scoring. This work was financially supported by the National Science Centre,<br>Poland (Grant 2020/39/B/HS3/02277).</p>
Archaeological sites in medieval župa Dabar and Rudine in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Archaeological geophysical survey dataset (7 sites)
<p>The raw data from the geophysical survey performed in 7 archaeological sites in modern municipalities Berkovići and Bileća, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Funded by the EU, H2020-MSCA-IF-797881 grant.</p>
EXPLO. Sovjan 2021. Archaeological wood samples metadata
<p>Information on unit provenance, size, presence of sapwood, number of rings and species of the wood samples from the archaeological site of Sovjan, Albania, sampled in 2018 and presented in "<em>The Early Bronze Age dendrochronology of Sovjan (Albania): A first tree-ring sequence of the 24th – 22nd c. BC for the southwestern Balkans</em>", Maczkowski et al., 2021, DOI: <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dendro.2021.125811">10.1016/j.dendro.2021.125811</a></p>
MALDI-TOF-MS spectra of archaeological bone fragments from Bandicoot Bay, Barrow Island (Australia) for ZooMS (Zooarchaeology by Mass Spectrometry)
<p>MALDI-TOF-MS spectra for archaeological bone fragments from Bandicoot Bay, Barrow Island, Western Australia. All spectra are uploaded in .mzml format. </p>
3D Archaeological Greek Pottery: PT-PC-BAPD-9041833, Athenian black-figure tripod pyxis, Amasis Painter
<p><strong>This 3D dataset is related to the publication</strong>:</p> <ul> <li>Moitinho de Almeida, V. (2023). "<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353038967_Contributions_of_3D_digital_methods_and_techniques_to_the_study_of_ancient_pottery">Contributions of 3D digital methods and techniques to the study of ancient pottery</a>". In <em>Myths, Gods, and Heroes. Greek vase collections in Portugal / Mitos, Deuses e Heróis. As coleções de vasos gregos em Portugal</em>. R. Morais, R. Centeno, D. Ferreira (eds.). Câmara Municipal de Santa Maria da Feira - Museu Convento dos Lóios; Reitoria da Universidade do Porto; Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto; Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra. Pp.269-291. (ISBN: 978-989-8183-25-5)</li> </ul> <p>3D processed dataset for object BAPD-9041833 from a private collection in Portugal. <strong>CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license</strong>.</p> <p>BAPD-9041833 is an Athenian black-figure tripod <em>pyxis</em>, Amasis Painter, dating from c. 575-525 BCE and unknown provenance (BAPD, 2021; Morais et al., 2021).</p> <p><strong>Aims</strong>: 3D digital documentation; morphological characterization; technological and functional analysis of archaeological Greek pottery.</p> <p><strong>Data acquisition</strong>: at the Museu de História Natural e da Ciência da Universidade do Porto (MHNC-UP), with a portable non-contact structured white light scanner, Breukmann smartSCAN3D-HE, equipped with stereo colour cameras at 250 mm FOV. Additional metadata included in associated spreadsheet.<br><strong>Data processing</strong>: 23 scans aligned and merged. PT-PC-BAPD-9041833_3D01.ply: non-manifold edges, self-intersections, small components, and small tunnels in the mesh automatically fixed, noise data removed; orientation and position normalised. PT-PC-BAPD-9041833_3D01-holesFilled.ply: holes filled for calculation of material density, filling volume, and centre of mass. Additional metadata included in associated spreadsheet.</p> <p>Access to the BAPD-9041833 was granted by its private collector.</p> <p>When citing this material: please include the original inventory ID (BAPD-9041833) reference to the physical object.</p>
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
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