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69 results for “Bacillus thuringiensis”
JAK/STAT signaling regulated intestinal regeneration defends insect pests against insecticidal proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis
<p><span>A variety of coordinated host-cell responses are activated as defense mechanisms against pore-forming toxins (PFTs). <em>Bacillus thuringiensis</em> (Bt) is a widely used biopesticide whose efficacy and precise application methods limit its use to replace synthetic pesticides in agricultural settings. Here, we analyzed the intestinal defense mechanisms of two lepidopteran insect pests after intoxication with a sublethal dose of Bt PFTs to find out potential target genes for reduction of defense responses using dsRNA to silence their expression. We show that larval intestinal epithelium was initially damaged by the PFTs and that </span><span>larval survival</span><span> was observed after intestinal epithelium regeneration</span><span>. Further analyses showed that the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal stem cells after Bt </span><span>toxins</span><span> treatments were regulated through JNK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Repression of intestinal regeneration by treating specific dsRNA led to increased toxicity of Bt PFTs to both <em>Chilo suppressalis </em>and Spodoptera<em> frugiperda</em>. Consequently, a nano-biopesticide was designed to improve pesticidal efficacy based on the combination of dsRNA-nanoparticles with </span><span>Bt</span><span> bacterial strains. This formulation efficiently controlled insect pests suggesting its potential use to reduce the use of synthetic pesticides in agricultural settings for pest control. </span></p>
Fig. 2. A in Changes in midgut gene expression following Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) infection in Monochamus alternatus (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae)
Fig. 2. A plotted regression for RT-qPCR validation analysis.
JAK/STAT signaling regulated intestinal regeneration defends insect pests against insecticidal proteins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis
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Data from: Spatial soil heterogeneity has a greater effect on symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities and plant growth than genetic modification with Bacillus thuringiensis toxin genes
Maize, genetically modified with the insect toxin genes of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), is widely cultivated, yet its impacts on soil organisms are poorly understood. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form symbiotic associations with plant roots and may be uniquely sensitive to genetic changes within a plant host. In this field study, the effects of nine different lines of Bt maize and their corresponding non-Bt parental isolines were evaluated on AMF colonization and community diversity in plant roots. Plants were harvested 60 days after sowing, and data were collected on plant growth and per cent AMF colonization of roots. AMF community composition in roots was assessed using 454 pyrosequencing of the 28S rRNA genes, and spatial variation in mycorrhizal communities within replicated experimental field plots was examined. Growth responses, per cent AMF colonization of roots and AMF community diversity in roots did not differ between Bt and non-Bt maize, but root and shoot biomass and per cent colonization by arbuscules varied by maize cultivar. Plot identity had the most significant effect on plant growth, AMF colonization and AMF community composition in roots, indicating spatial heterogeneity in the field. Mycorrhizal fungal communities in maize roots were autocorrelated within approximately 1 m, but at greater distances, AMF community composition of roots differed between plants. Our findings indicate that spatial variation and heterogeneity in the field has a greater effect on the structure of AMF communities than host plant cultivar or modification by Bt toxin genes.
CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout of ABCC1 confers resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry2Ab in Helicoverpa armigera
<p>This data contains the Bt and insecticide bioassay results of ABCC1 knockout and wild-type strain of <em>Helicoverpa armigera</em>. Bioassay results revealed that the HaABCC1-KO strain exhibited >60-fold resistance to Cry2Ab toxin compared with the susceptible XJ strain, while no resistance has been recorded for Cry1Ab, Cry1Ac and Vip3A. Furthermore, the inheritance of <em>H. armigera</em> resistance to Cry2Ab was autosomal and completely recessive, significantly associated with the 4-nt deletion mutation of ABCC1 in the HaABCC1-KO strain. The relative growth of HaABCC1-KO and XJ strain also confirmed the role of <em>HaABCC1 </em>on the toxicity of Cry2Ab.</p>
Data from: Spatial soil heterogeneity has a greater effect on symbiotic arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal communities and plant growth than genetic modification with Bacillus thuringiensis toxin genes
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Enhancement of Bacillus thuringiensis toxicity by feeding Spodoptera littoralis larvae with bacteria expressing immune suppressive dsRNA
<p><strong>Figure 1C</strong></p> <p>Calibration curves used for qRT-PCR absolute quantification of <em>Sl 102</em> and <em>GFP</em> dsRNA present in <em>E. coli</em> suspensions used in the bioassays</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Figure 2</strong></p> <p>Transcript levels of <em>Sl 102</em> gene in <em>S. littoralis</em> 4th instar larvae orally treated for 3 days with dsRNA. The <em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> gene was down-regulated upon ingestion of <em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA administered by oral gavage, both in the case of dsRNA synthesized in vitro (<em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA-synt) and suspensions of sonicated bacteria expressing <em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA (<em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA-bac). Delivery with artificial diet showed a silencing response that was dose-dependent and more pronounced when bacteria were used as delivery vectors. <em>GFP</em> dsRNA synthesized in vitro and bacteria expressing <em>GFP</em> dsRNA were used in control experiments. The values reported are the mean ± standard errors (*<em>P </em>< 0.0001, Student’s <em>t</em> test)</p> <p><strong>Figure 3</strong></p> <p>Encapsulation assay in <em>S. littoralis</em> 4th larvae treated for 3 days with <em>Sl 102</em> dsRNA synthesized in vitro (<em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA-synt) or transformed HT115 <em>E. coli</em> expressing <em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA (<em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA-bac). Chromatography beads injected into the body cavity of control larvae were encapsulated and melanized (<strong>a</strong>). On the contrary, the efficiency of encapsulation was lower in silenced larvae, independently from the dsRNA administration method (gavage or with artificial diet) (<strong>b</strong>). The encapsulation index was affected by oral delivery method and, in the case of oral administration on artificial diet, by dsRNA quantity. <em>GFP</em> dsRNA synthesized in vitro and bacteria expressing <em>GFP</em> dsRNA were used in control experiments. The values reported are the mean ± standard errors (*<em>P </em>< 0.0001, Student’s <em>t</em> test)</p> <p><strong>Figure 4</strong></p> <p>Bioassay with <em>S. littoralis</em> 4th instar larvae exposed to dsRNA before <em>Bt</em> treatment. Newly molted larvae were treated for 3 days with artificial diet layered with transformed HT115 <em>E. coli</em> expressing <em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA (<em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA-Bac, corresponding to 200 ng of dsRNA) and then with 12 µg/cm<sup>2</sup> of Xentari™ for 3 more days (see “<a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10340-019-01140-6#Sec3">Materials and methods</a>” section for experimental details). Survival was monitored until day 8 (<strong>a</strong>), when the weight was assessed on the surviving experimental larvae (<strong>b</strong>). Bacteria expressing <em>GFP</em> dsRNA were used in control experiments. The timing of the treatments is indicated with arrows. The values reported are the mean ± standard errors (in <strong>a</strong> *<em>P </em>< 0.0001 based on log-rank test; in <strong>b</strong> different letters denote statistical difference based on Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by Dunn’s multiple-comparison post hoc test)</p> <p> </p> <p><strong>Fig. 5</strong></p> <p>Bioassay with <em>S. littoralis</em> 4th instar larvae simultaneously exposed to dsRNA and <em>Bt</em>. Newly molted larvae were treated for 3 days with artificial diet layered with transformed HT115 <em>E. coli</em> expressing <em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA (<em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA-Bac, corresponding to 200 ng of dsRNA) and with 9 µg/cm<sup>2</sup> of Xentari (see “<a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10340-019-01140-6#Sec3">Materials and methods</a>” section for experimental details). Survival was monitored until day 8 (<strong>a</strong>) when the weight was assessed on the surviving experimental larvae (<strong>b</strong>). Bacteria expressing <em>GFP</em> dsRNA were used in control experiments. The timing of the treatments is indicated by arrows The values reported are the mean ± standard errors (in <strong>a</strong> **<em>P </em>< 0.0001 and *<em>P </em>< 0.0046 based on log-rank test; in <strong>b</strong> different letters denote statistical difference based on Kruskal–Wallis, followed by Dunn’s multiple comparisons post hoc test)</p> <p><strong>Fig. 6</strong></p> <p>Bioassays with <em>S. littoralis</em> 5th instar larvae simultaneously exposed to dsRNA and <em>Bt</em>. Newly molted larvae were treated for 3 days with artificial diet layered with transformed HT115 <em>E. coli</em> expressing <em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA (<em>Sl</em> <em>102</em> dsRNA-Bac, corresponding to 200 ng of dsRNA) and with 12 µg/cm<sup>2</sup> of Xentari (see “<a href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10340-019-01140-6#Sec3">Materials and methods</a>” section for experimental details). Survival was monitored until day 8 (<strong>a</strong>), when the weight was assessed on the surviving experimental larvae (<strong>b</strong>). Bacteria expressing <em>GFP</em> dsRNA were used in control experiments. The timing of the treatments is indicated by arrows. The values reported are the mean ± standard errors (in <strong>a</strong> *<em>P </em>< 0.0001 based on log-rank test; in <strong>b</strong> different letters denote statistical difference based on Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn’s multiple-comparison post hoc test)</p> <p> </p>
Figure 2 in Influence of Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus thuringiensis with reducing rates of NPK on growth, physiology, and fruit quality of Citrus aurantifolia
Figure 2. Effect of two biofertilizers mixing with different level of NPK on specific leaf weight of limau nipis. Error bars indicate ± S. E. Different small case letters in mean value bars represent statistical difference at 5% level. T0, control; T1, NPK 100% (100 g); T2, T.harzianum 50% (5g) + NPK 50%; T3, B. thuringiensis 50% (5g) + NPK 50%; T4, T.harzianum 75% (7.5g) + NPK 25%; T5,B. thuringiensis 75% (7.5 g) + NPK 25%, T6, 100% T. harzianum (10 g); T7, 100% B. thuringiensis (10 g).
Fig. 1 in Does Bacillus thuringiensis have adverse effects on the host egg location by parasitoid wasps?
Fig. 1. Proportion of dead Helicoverpa zea larvae exposed to a gradient of Bacillus thuringiensis concentrations (spores/mL) in the form of Agree , Dipel , HD1, or HD11. The lethal concentration was estimated from the model adjusted to observed experimental points. Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil.
Figure 2 in Selection and molecular characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis strains efficient against soybean looper (Chrysodeixis includens) and Spodoptera species
Figure 2 Amplified DNA fragments with the BEF/BER (a) and BEF1/BER1 (b) primers for detection of type I of β-exotoxins in Bacillus thuringiesis strains efficient against Chrysodeixis includens. C+: Positive control (HD-125 strain); C-: Negative controle (water); MM: 1 Kb DNA ladder plus (Invitrogen, USA.
Selectivity of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bacillales: Bacillaceae) to the polyphagous predator Ceraeochrysa claveri (Navás, 1911) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
<p>Data referring to the selectivity analysis of the bioinsecticide Agree, on the biological controller of pest arthropods, Ceraeochrysa claveri.</p> <p> </p> <pre> </pre>
Figure 3 in Molecular characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis strains to control Spodoptera eridania (Cramer) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) population
Figure 3 Dendrogram and matrix similarity produced by software Bionumerics using agarose gel image as input data and a bootstrap of 1,000 replicates to estimate strains distribution. Data construction was supported by Pearson's correlation between ERIC and REP sequences, UPGMA cluster analysis and Dice similarity coefficient test.
Data from: Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis toxin Cry2Ab and survival on single-toxin and pyramided cotton in cotton bollworm from China
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Changes in Gene Expression in the Larval Gut of Ostrinia nubilalis in Response to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ab Protoxin Ingestion
GEO Series GSE55685. Ostrinia nubilalis. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
microRNA profiling of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans infected by Bacillus thuringiensis
GEO Series GSE174514. Caenorhabditis elegans. 48 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Transcriptomics of Bacillus thuringiensis Strain CT-43.
GEO Series GSE39479. Bacillus thuringiensis. 4 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Determination of Sigma 54 reglons in Bacillus thuringiensis HD73 strain
GEO Series GSE48410. Bacillus thuringiensis. 6 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Transcriptome of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans infected by Bacillus thuringiensis
GEO Series GSE136058. Caenorhabditis elegans. 64 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Comprehensive analysis of gene expression profiles of Spodoptera exigua larvae challenged with Bacillus thuringiensis VIP3A toxin
GEO Series GSE51195. Spodoptera exigua. 9 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
C. elegans nasp-1 / btr-1 mutant versus wild-type N2, exposed to pathogen Bacillus thuringiensis DB27
GEO Series GSE43905. Caenorhabditis elegans. 3 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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