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134 results for “Bison bison”
Fig. 1 in Opening a can of lungworms: Molecular characterization of Dictyocaulus (Nematoda: Dictyocaulidae) infecting North American bison (Bison bison)
Fig. 1. Sites of bison fecal collections; WHH: White Horse Hill National Game Preserve; RMA: Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge; NBR: National Bison Range; NSM: Neal Smith National Wildlife Refuge; WMW: Wichita Mountains Wildlife Refuge.
Fig. 2 in Opening a can of lungworms: Molecular characterization of Dictyocaulus (Nematoda: Dictyocaulidae) infecting North American bison (Bison bison)
Fig. 2. Maximum likelihood analysis of internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence data of Dictyocaulus spp. Analysis was run with T92 as best nucleotide substitution model and 1,000 bootstraps. Angiostrongylus vasorum = outgroup.
Fig. 5 in Veterinary monitoring of gastrointestinal parasites in European bison, Bison bonasus designated for translocation: Comparison of two coprological methods
Fig. 5. The relationship between the prevalence of Eimeria spp. oocysts in European bison feces measured by the Willis and modified McMaster techniques (each point represents an individual parasite species).
Fig. 1 in Veterinary monitoring of gastrointestinal parasites in European bison, Bison bonasus designated for translocation: Comparison of two coprological methods
Fig. 1. Probability of detection of Eimeria spp. oocysts with the modified McMaster technique based on the number of oocysts detected using the Willis technique.
Fig. 4 in Veterinary monitoring of gastrointestinal parasites in European bison, Bison bonasus designated for translocation: Comparison of two coprological methods
Fig. 4. The relationship between the prevalence of various taxa eggs/oocysts in European bison feces measured by the Willis and modified McMaster techniques (each point represents an individual taxon/genus, blue points stand for oocysts and red point for eggs). (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)
Fig. 3 in Veterinary monitoring of gastrointestinal parasites in European bison, Bison bonasus designated for translocation: Comparison of two coprological methods
Fig. 3. Probability of detection of Trichostrongylidae eggs with the modified McMaster technique based on the number of eggs detected using the Willis technique.
Fig. 2 in Veterinary monitoring of gastrointestinal parasites in European bison, Bison bonasus designated for translocation: Comparison of two coprological methods
Fig. 2. Probability of detection of Trichuris sp. eggs with the modified McMaster technique based on the number of eggs detected using the Willis technique.
Table 2 in Demodex bialoviensis sp. nov. (Acariformes, Demodecidae) a new, specific parasite of the European bison Bison bonasus (Artiodactyla, Bovidae)
<p><b>Table 2</b> Morphometric comparison between <i>Demodex bialoviensis</i> sp. nov. and <i>Demodex bisonianus</i>.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Feature/Species</th><th><i>Demodex bialoviensis</i> sp. nov.</th><th><i>Demodex bisonianus</i></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th>Source</th><td>Present study</td><td></td><td>Kadulski and Izdebska</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td>(1996)</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Sex Sample size</th><td>Males (n =12)</td><td>Females (n =</td><td>Males</td><td>Females</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>34)</td><td>(n =</td><td>(n =20)</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td>20)</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Body total length</th><td>176</td><td>239</td><td>517, SD</td><td>534, SD</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(158–198), SD</td><td>(200–268), SD</td><td>23 a</td><td>20 a</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>13</td><td>15</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Body total width</th><td>31 (30–35), SD</td><td>35 (30–40), SD</td><td>63, SD 9</td><td>68, SD 9</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>2</td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Body length to</th><td>5.6:1</td><td>6.8:1</td><td>8.2:1b</td><td>7.9:1b</td></tr><tr><th>width ratio</th><td>(4.9–6.4:1), SD</td><td>(5.2–7.9:1), SD</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td>0.6:1</td><td>0.6:1</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Opisthosoma</th><td>62 (57–65), SD</td><td>65 (60–69), SD</td><td>68b</td><td>69b</td></tr><tr><th>length to body</th><td>2</td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>length ratio (%)</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Aedeagus length</th><td>21 (18–29), SD</td><td>–</td><td>33, SD 7</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>3</th></tr><tr><th>Vulva length</th><td>–</td><td>12 (10–17), SD</td><td>–</td><td>22, SD 2</td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td>2</td><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table><p><sup>a</sup> Measurements were rounded to the nearest micrometer with respect to the original results (Kadulski and Izdebska, 1996).</p><p><sup>b</sup> Calculated from measurements of Kadulski and Izdebska (1996).</p>
Text-fig. 6. The skeletal remains of the European bison from Gladbeck as reconstruction and presentation in the anatomical position. GMM A5.K 517. in Everything Is A Question Of Time - Age Of Important Quaternary Palaeontological Finds From Westphalia
Text-fig. 6. The skeletal remains of the European bison from Gladbeck as reconstruction and presentation in the anatomical position. GMM A5.K 517.
Data from: Bison grazing in eastern tallgrass prairie does not alter plant diversity after five years
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Assessing the use of bison for savanna restoration at Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve: Oak sapling growth
Oak savanna is the most threatened ecosystem in Minnesota and fire, alone, is not restoring and preserving it. Our savanna restoration research started more than a half century ago in what had once been native savanna at Cedar Creek. It has shown that burning about 4 to 7 times per decade eliminates shrubs and non-savanna tree species and restores prairie grassland species. However, our 50 years of research is also showing that these frequent and intense fires are preventing oaks from regenerating. Bison are now known to be a keystone species for restoring and preserving grasslands, but their roles in savanna ecosystems remain unknown. In grasslands, bison preferentially graze the dominant warm season grasses that would otherwise outcompete wildflowers, thereby promoting plant coexistence and enhancing plant diversity. Here we propose to test whether bison grazing might promote the growth and survivorship of oak seedlings in burned savannas by reducing grass fuel for fires and by knocking back dominant grass competitors. We will maintain the existing fire frequencies and the design of the long-term burning experiment, while adding bison grazing as an additional factor in part of several burn units on the southeast side of the property. Bison will graze during the summer and early fall seasons. Grazing exclosures will be established, and oak seedlings will be planted, to test effects of bison grazing on early oak growth and survivorship. The outcomes we plan to achieve are to: (1) discover better restoration and preservation practices for savanna ecosystems; (2) determine how these practices impact savanna biodiversity; and (3) educate Minnesotans about the ecological heritage of their state, including the roles that bison, fire and biodiversity play in the functioning of savannas and other Minnesota ecosystems. We will achieve these goals and outcomes by: (1) restoring bison grazing to 200 acres of oak savanna; (2) experimentally testing whether bison grazing promot
Data from: Migrating bison engineer the green wave
<p>Newly emerging plants provide the best forage for herbivores. To exploit this fleeting resource, migrating herbivores align their movements to surf the wave of spring green-up. With new technology to track migrating animals, the Green Wave Hypothesis has steadily gained empirical support across a diversity of migratory taxa. This hypothesis assumes the green wave is controlled by variation in climate, weather, and topography, and its progression dictates the timing, pace, and extent of migrations. However, aggregate grazers that are also capable of engineering grassland ecosystems make some of the world's most impressive migrations, and it is unclear how the green wave determines their movements. Here we show that Yellowstone's bison (Bison bison) do not choreograph their migratory movements to the wave of spring green-up. Instead, bison modify the green wave as they migrate and graze. While most bison surfed during early spring, they eventually slowed and let the green wave pass them by. However, small-scale experiments indicated that feedback from grazing sustained forage quality. Most importantly, a 6-fold decadal shift in bison density revealed that intense grazing caused grasslands to green up faster, more intensely, and for a longer duration. Our finding broadens our understanding of the ways in which animal movements underpin the foraging benefit of migration. The widely accepted Green Wave Hypothesis needs to be revised to include large aggregate grazers that not only move to find forage, but also engineer plant phenology through grazing, thereby shaping their own migratory movements.</p>
Bison, upper molar. Big Bone Lick, KY.
Bison upper molar from Big Bone Lick, Kentucky. Pleistocene, UNSM 35409. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Bison jaw (late Holocene). Big Bone Lick, KY
Late Holocene Bison mandible (Bison bison) from 1971 excavations at Big Bone Lick, Boone Co., KY. The bulging jaw below the molars is a pathology suggesting infection at the time of death. Scanned in June 2022 at Big Bone Lick, State Park (#1971.2.2). Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
South Africa House Bison - Polycam
[About South Africa House](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High_Commission_of_South_Africa,_London) [Loaction](https://www.google.com/maps/@51.5080597,-0.1270543,3a,21.8y,47.01h,91.58t/data=!3m6!1e1!3m4!1sg7l3b8Q_RyfdUkSvyis3Lw!2e0!7i16384!8i8192) Created with Polycam. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Piqua Bison Horn
A bison horn from the Piqua site at George Rogers Clark Park (color dropped). Horn is 9.5 cm long. Recovered from the ground surface during the Summer 2018 Wright State University Archaeological Field School. Thanks to Bryan Beverly for scanning. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Bison Licking Insect Bite, prehistoric sculpture
Bison Licking Insect Bite, an Upper Paleolithic sculpture found at Abri de la Madeleine near Tursac in Dordogne, France. Created sometime between 20,000 and 12,000 BP it is a carved and engraved fragment of a spear-thrower made of reindeer antler. It depicts the figure of a bison, of the now extinct species steppe wisent (Bison priscus) with its head turned around and showing its tongue extended. Photoscan of a plaster cast made with 330 photos. Source: Objaverse 1.0 / Sketchfab
Dead mammal walking: a month-long march by a bison (Bison bison) after an ungulate-vehicle collision
<p>Globally, ungulate-vehicle collisions (UVC) are a major human safety concern and may also represent a significant source of mortality for some ungulate populations. However, records of UVC based on counts of roadside carcasses or reports by drivers involved in these incidents are assuredly underestimated because not all ungulates struck die immediately or at the roadside or are reported by drivers or authorities. Here, we provide an observation and analysis of the movements of a GPS-collared bison (<em>Bison bison</em>) that was involved in a UVC on the Alaska Highway and died in thick boreal forest 29 days later. During that time she moved 49.7 km from where she was hit. Her daily movement rate (km/hr) and daily net displacement (km/day) were significantly greater in the 29-day period before she was struck compared to 29 days afterward. This vivid example illustrates that individuals injured in a UVC can die several weeks later and at a considerable distance from where they were initially struck. Moreover, when they eventually die it may be where their carcass would not be found or associated with a UVC. Bison are the largest land mammal in North America and perhaps more robust to some lower-impact UVC than smaller-bodied species. Even so, if not for the GPS collar on this bison, we would have never known the fate of this individual, and the carcass likely never found. Taken together, the movements and final resting place of this bison illuminate how estimates of mortality as a result of UVC can be underestimated when the animal does not die immediately and in a location where it can be found. Given our data, we further urge managers to consider roadside counts of animals killed in UVC as a minimum estimate when considering options for mitigation.</p>
Bison bison (Bovidae) - whole organism
Image of Bison bison (Bovidae) - whole organism
Glucocorticoids of European bison in relation to their status: age, dominance, social centrality and leadership
<p>Dataset for the paper "Glucocorticoids of European bison in relation to their status: age, dominance, social centrality and leadership"</p> <p>Stress is the body's response to cope with the environment and generally better survive unless too much chronic stress persists. While some studies suggest that it would be more stressful to be the dominant individual of the group, others support the opposite hypothesis. Several variables can actually affect this relationship, or even cancel it. This study therefore aims to make the link between social status and the basal level of stress of 14 wild European bison (<em>Bison bonasus, </em>L. 1758) living together. We collected faeces and measured the faecal glucocorticoid metabolites (FGM). We showed that FGM is linked to different variables of social status of European bison, specifically age, dominance rank, eigenvector centrality but also to interactions between the variables. Preferential leaders in bison, <em>i.e</em>. the older and more dominant individuals which are more central ones, are less stressed compared to other group members. Measurement of such variables could thus be a valuable tool to follow and improve the conservation of species by collecting data on FGM and other social variables and adapt group composition or environmental conditions (e.g. supplement in food) according to the FGM concentration of herd individuals.</p>
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