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60 results for “Brown trout (Salmo trutta)”
Data from: Environmental stress linked to consumption of maternally derived carotenoids in brown trout embryos (Salmo trutta)
The yellow, orange, or red colors of salmonid eggs are due to maternally derived carotenoids whose functions are not sufficiently understood yet. Here, we studied the significance of naturally acquired carotenoids as maternal environmental effects during embryo development in brown trout (Salmo trutta). We collected eggs from wild females, quantified their egg carotenoid content, fertilized them in vitro in full-factorial breeding blocks to separate maternal from paternal effects, and raised 3,278 embryos singly at various stress conditions until hatching. We found significant sire effects that revealed additive genetic variance for embryo survival and hatching time. Dam effects were 5.4 times larger than these sire effects, indicating that maternal environmental effects play an important role in determining embryo stress tolerance. Of the eight pigment molecules that we targeted, only astaxanthin, zeaxanthin (that both affected egg redness), and lutein were detected above our confidence thresholds. No strong link could be observed between carotenoid content in unfertilized eggs and embryo mortality or hatching timing. However, the consumption of carotenoids during our stress treatment was negatively correlated to embryo survival among sib groups and explained about 14% of the maternal environmental variance. We conclude that maternally derived carotenoids play a role in the ability of embryos to cope with environmental stress, but that the initial susceptibility to the organic pollution was mainly determined by other factors.
Data from: Consumption of carotenoids not increased by bacterial infection in brown trout embryos (Salmo trutta)
Carotenoids are organic pigment molecules that play important roles in signalling, control of oxidative stress, and immunity. Fish allocate carotenoids to their eggs, which gives them the typical yellow to red colouration and supports their resistance against microbial infections. However, it is still unclear whether carotenoids act mainly as a shield against infection or are used up during the embryos' immune defence. We investigated this question with experimental families produced from wild-caught brown trout (Salmo trutta). Singly raised embryos were either exposed to the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas fluorescens or sham-treated at one of two stages during their development. A previous study on these experimental families reported positive effects of egg carotenoids on embryo growth and resistance against the infection. Here, we quantified carotenoid consumption, i.e. the active metabolization of carotenoids into compounds that are not other carotenoid types, in these infected and sham-infected maternal sib groups. We found that carotenoid contents mostly decreased during embryogenesis. However, these decreases were neither linked to the virulence induced by the pathogen nor dependent on the time point of infection. We conclude that egg carotenoids are not significantly used up by the embryos' immune defence.
Data from: Environmental stress linked to consumption of maternally derived carotenoids in brown trout embryos (Salmo trutta)
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Data from: Mating patterns and determinants of individual reproductive success in brown trout (Salmo trutta) revealed by parentage analysis of an entire stream living population
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Data from: Short-term genetic changes: evaluating effective population size estimates in a comprehensively described brown trout (Salmo trutta) population
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Data from: Long-term mark-recapture and growth data for large-sized migratory brown trout (Salmo trutta) from Lake Mjøsa, Norway
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Data from: Potential of a no-take marine reserve to protect home ranges of anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta)
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Oxygen consumption of juvenile brown trout, Salmo trutta, under varying thermal conditions during embryogenesis
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Data from: Effects of host genetics and environment on egg-associated microbiotas in brown trout (Salmo trutta)
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Data from: Consumption of carotenoids not increased by bacterial infection in brown trout embryos (Salmo trutta)
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Data from: No additive genetic variance for tolerance to ethynylestradiol exposure in natural populations of brown trout (Salmo trutta)
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F I G U R E 3 in Differences in growth between offspring of anadromous and freshwater brown trout Salmo trutta
F I G U R E 3 Temperature from fertilization on 9 November 2018 to hatching (1) and start of feeding (2) of Salmo trutta eggs incubated in cold (solid line) and hot (broken line) water
Data from: Strong divergence in trait means but not in plasticity across hatchery and wild populations of sea-run brown trout Salmo trutta
There is ample evidence that organisms adapt to their native environment when gene flow is restricted. However, evolution of plastic responses across discrete environments is less well examined. We studied divergence in means and plasticity across wild and hatchery populations of sea-run brown trout (Salmo trutta) in a common garden experiment with two rearing environments (hatchery and a nearly natural experimental stream). Since natural and hatchery environments differ, this arrangement provides an experiment in contemporary adaptation across the two environments. A QST-FST approach was used to investigate local adaptation in survival and growth over the first summer. We found evidence for divergent selection in survival in one year and in body length in both years and rearing environments. In general, the hatchery populations had higher survival and larger body size in both environments. QST in body size did not differ between the rearing environments and constitutive divergence in the means was in all cases stronger than divergence in the plastic responses. These results suggest that in this system constitutive changes in mean trait values are more important for local adaptation than increased plasticity. In addition, ex-situ rearing conditions induce changes in trait means that are adaptive in the hatchery, but potentially harmful in the wild, suggesting that hatchery rearing is likely to be a sub-optimal management strategy for trout populations facing selection in the stream environment.
Data from: Strong divergence in trait means but not in plasticity across hatchery and wild populations of sea-run brown trout Salmo trutta
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Data from: MHC-mediated spatial distribution in brown trout (Salmo trutta) fry
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Data from: Human mining activity across the ages determines the genetic structure of modern brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) populations
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Figure 3 in Feeding habit of Brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) in upper parts of river Swat, Pakistan
Figure 3. Relationship between feeding intensity and length groups.
Parentage Assignment in Brown trout strains (Salmo trutta) and their hybrids using microsatellite markers
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Identification of a piscine reovirus-related pathogen in Proliferative Darkening Syndrome infected brown trout (Salmo trutta fario) using a next-generation technology detection pipeline
GEO Series GSE70257. Salmo salar; Oncorhynchus mykiss; Salmo trutta fario. 42 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Physiological and transcriptomic responses in brown trout, Salmo trutta, to multiple stressors: pesticide mixtures, elevated water temperature and the proliferative kidney disease
GEO Series GSE288561. Salmo trutta. 72 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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