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Fig. 4 in Morphological keys to advance the understanding of protostrongylid biodiversity in caribou (Rangifer spp.) at high latitudes

Fig. 4. Line drawings of caudal extremities of Parelaphostrongylus andersoni and Varestrongylus eleguneniensis dorsal spine larvae from Prestwood (1972) and Verocai et al. (2014). The line drawings clearly show the characteristic morphological features identified in this study.

Fig. 3 in Morphological keys to advance the understanding of protostrongylid biodiversity in caribou (Rangifer spp.) at high latitudes

Fig. 3. Map showing the location of samples and results from the fecal survey. Each point on the map represents a group of 2‾10 samples.

Fig. 2 in Morphological keys to advance the understanding of protostrongylid biodiversity in caribou (Rangifer spp.) at high latitudes

Fig. 2. Identification guide for differential diagnosis of dorsal spine larvae of Parelaphostrongylus andersoni and Varestrongylus eleguneniensis.

Fig. 1 in Morphological keys to advance the understanding of protostrongylid biodiversity in caribou (Rangifer spp.) at high latitudes

Fig. 1. Dorsal spine larva of Parelaphostrongylus andersoni at 400× magnification in differential interference contrast, depicting important anatomical features.

opencc-by-4.0Apr 2020View details →

Fig. 1 in The biogeography of the caribou lungworm, Varestrongylus eleguneniensis (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) across northern North America

Fig. 1. Map of Northern North America, including Alaska, USA, Canada and Greenland depicting the geographic distribution of caribou subspecies (Rangifer tarandus sspp.). The distribution of the caribou lungworm, Varestrongylus eleguneniensis, and the muscleworm, Parelaphostrongylus andersoni in caribou is shown based on compiled data from the present study, and all reports in the literature (Lankester and Hauta, 1989; Lankester and Fong, 1998; Kutz et al., 2007, 2012; 2013; Verocai et al., 2013; Kafle et al., 2017a, 2017b; Turgeon et al., 2018). The historic southern range of distribution of caribou is shown as a dotted line to assist in the discussions on the historical biogeography of V. eleguneniensis and Rangifer. (See Fig. S1 and Fig. S2 for the distribution maps for V. eleguneniensis and P. andersoni separately).

Fig. 5. A data-display network constructed from uncorrected 18S rDNA p in Toxoplasma gondii and related Sarcocystidae parasites in harvested caribou from Nunavik, Canada

Fig. 5. A data-display network constructed from uncorrected 18S rDNA p-distances, using all characters, for tissue dwelling coccidians (mostly Sarcocystis spp.). Group names bear no taxonomic designation but merely assigned for discussion purposes. Bootstrap supports are displayed by the gray curves and associated values imposed on the network. Red dots indicate sequences generated in this study. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 4 in Toxoplasma gondii and related Sarcocystidae parasites in harvested caribou from Nunavik, Canada

Fig. 4. Maximum likelihood topology for tissue dwelling coccidians (mostly Sarcocystis spp.) generated from 18S rDNA sequence data analyzed in RAxML 8 under the GTRCAT approximation. Group names bear no taxonomic designation but merely assigned for discussion purposes. Bootstrap values> 60 are displayed above branches as branch/node support. Red dots indicate sequences generated in this study. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)

Fig. 2 in Toxoplasma gondii and related Sarcocystidae parasites in harvested caribou from Nunavik, Canada

Fig. 2. Observed seroprevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum in caribou harvested from 2 communities in Nunavik. Source: Nunavik Research Centre, Makivik Corporation.

Fig. 1 in Toxoplasma gondii and related Sarcocystidae parasites in harvested caribou from Nunavik, Canada

Fig. 1. General life cycle of Sarcocystidae parasites. 1, For Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum, oocysts are shed in feces by definitive hosts (DH, felids and canids, respectively), sporulate and become infective in the environment, whereas for Sarcocystis spp., sporulation occurs in the intestine of the definitive hosts and sporocysts are immediately infective for intermediate hosts. 2, Intermediate hosts (IH) ingest sporulated oocysts or sporocysts in food, water or soil. 3, Sporozoites are released, divide rapidly, and tachyzoites disseminate to somatic tissues of the IH, and form tissue cysts. 4, DH becomes infected by ingesting prey species with bradyzoites within tissue cysts. Created with BioR ender.com.

Fig. 3 in Toxoplasma gondii and related Sarcocystidae parasites in harvested caribou from Nunavik, Canada

Fig. 3. Sarcocystis DNA prevalence in heart and muscle of caribou harvested by 2 communities in Nunavik, Qu´ebec, Canada.

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2013View details →

FIG. 6 in Caribou hunting and utilization in West Greenland: Past and present variants

opencc-by-4.0Jun 2013View details →

FIG. 8. — Auksiivik 174X Feature 567, a in To freeze or to dry: Seasonal variability in caribou processing and storage in the barrenlands of Northern Canada

FIG. 8. — Auksiivik 174X Feature 567, a marrow cracking area. Note anvil and hammer stones near centre of photo.

opencc-zeroOct 2023View details →

Metabolizable energy and biomass of plants consumed by caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in tundra communities of northern Alaska and deer (Odocoileus spp.) in forests and grasslands of Washington, United States of America

<p>A ubiquitous interaction operates at the base of food webs in many terrestrial ecosystems of the world, creating the foundation for bottom-up regulation of consumers. This interaction plays out as follows. Populations of herbivores deplete plant biomass by foraging. Increasing herbivore population size intensifies this depletion, which in turn, creates a negative feedback regulating herbivore population growth. Large herbivores and the plants they consume offer a useful system for studying this interaction because populations of large herbivores are often regulated by density dependence, defined as the reduction in the per-capita growth rate that occurs as populations grow. Diminished body mass of individuals has been repeatedly observed in high-density populations, implicating plant-mediated, diminished nutrition as the primary cause of density dependence. However, there is no general explanation for why these nutritional deficiencies occur. The data deposited here were used to demonstrate fit new model of the feedbacks from plant biomass to herbivores. The model shows how reduced nutrition of herbivores can result from increased dilution of metabolizable energy in the plant tissue they consume as populations grow even when a large fraction of the consumable plant biomass remains uneaten. This result provides a tidy, mechanistic explanation for bottom-up control of population dynamics of primary consumers in a "green world." </p>

publicMar 2024View details →

Data for: Living in fear: How experience shapes caribou responses to predation risk

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publicOct 2024View details →

Data from: Morphological traits are not consistently related to population size in four migratory caribou populations across North America

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publicOct 2023View details →

Metabolizable energy and biomass of plants consumed by caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in tundra communities of northern Alaska and deer (Odocoileus spp.) in forests and grasslands of Washington, United States of America

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