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FIGURE 14 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 14. Thoracic skeletal surface of anterior carapace. (A) C. kurrichalpongo MAGNT R24814 (Humpty Doo, NT) showing (a) the usual condition of peripheral 1 in sutural contact with costal 1 in Chelodina (Chelydera); (b) scar of the hyoplastron suture with costals 1 and 2 showing its long, clubbed shape in this species and (c) attachment rugosity for retrehans capitus collique muscles. (B) C. oblonga WAM R29362 (Shenton Park, WA) showing (a) the variable condition known to occur within Chelodina only in C. oblonga, and which exists in the lectotype, in which the nuchal and peripheral 2 meet in a short suture behind peripheral 1 excluding it from contact with costal 1 and (b) scar of the hyoplastron suture with costal 1 showing its broad shape with short medial taper.

FIGURE 12 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 12. Longitudinal shell profile of (A) C. oblonga lectotype; (B) C. oblonga WAM R828 (Lake Preston, WA); (C) C. kurrichalpongo AM R175589 (Cobourg Peninsula, NT). Note shallow, angular profile of C. oblonga and evenly rounded profile of C. kurrichalpongo and comparative positions of (a) greatest shell depth and (b) lowest point of the marginal rim.

FIGURE 10 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 10. Anterior shell profile of (A) C. oblonga lectotype; (B) C. oblonga WAM R37039 (Susetta River WA); (C) C. kurrichalpongo WAM R23898 (Katherine, NT). Note shallow carapace profile with vertebral depression and delicate curved axillary bridge struts in C. oblonga compared to evenly domed carapace shape with large, almost parallel-sided axillary bridge struts in C. kurrichalpongo.

FIGURE 9 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 9. Comparative ratios of maximum carapace width:carapace length of C. oblonga and C. kurrichalpongo plotted against carapace length. C. oblonga generally has a narrower carapace, however for some individuals including the C. oblonga lectotype, this character is not discriminatory.

FIGURE 7 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 7. Detail of C. oblonga lectotype with plastron removed, showing neck shortened in taxidermy by eversion of neck skin into the thoracic cavity.

FIGURE 6 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 6. Chelodina oblonga lectotype with plastron removed, showing (a) everted neck skin and (b) pale mark in detritus on thoracic costals.

FIGURE 15 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 15. Thoracic vertebrae in (A) Chelodina oblonga lectotype; (B) C. oblonga WAM R29363 (Shenton Park, WA) and (C) C. kurrichalpongo MAGNT R24813 (Darwin, NT). Note similarity between all in size of rib heads and arches.

FIGURE 4 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 4. Specimens of C. oblonga from Swan River, south-western Western Australia designated by Gray (1856a, b) as syntypes of C. colliei. (A) NHMUK 52.11.12.1 / 1947.3.5.90; (B) NHMUK 52.11.12.2 / 1947.3.5.91.

FIGURE 3 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 3. Lithographic plate (left) of "Chelodina oblonga" reproduced from Gray (1856a), where it lacks any specimen number or indication of provenance. As per the standard lithographic process, the final printed illustrations are horizontally inverted from the original stone etching drawn from the specimen. Photographs (right) of NHMUK 42.1.13.123, which has the same unique abnormality of posterior vertebrals and is the specimen from Port Essington in modern Northern Territory, Australia figured in Gray's plate.

FIGURE 5 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 5. Specimens of C. kurrichalpongo from northern Australia assigned by Gray (1856a, b) to C. oblonga. (A) NHMUK 42.1.12.123 Port Essington; (B) NHMUK 46.7.27.5 / MCZ R28758 Port Essington; (C) NHMUK 50.12.9.5 North Australia (photo (B) by courtesy of the Museum of Comparative Zoology and Harvard University)

FIGURE 1 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 1. Dorsal and ventral aspects of the C. oblonga lectotype specimen NHMUK 40.12.9.81 / 1947.3.5.89 (photos P. Campbell, courtesy of The Natural History Museum, London).

FIGURE 2 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 2. Chelodina oblonga paralectotype specimen OUMNH ZC.02584 (photo Katherine Child, courtesy of Oxford University Museum of Natural History).

FIGURE 11. Vertebrals 2 and 3 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 11. Vertebrals 2 and 3 in (A) C. oblonga lectotype; (B) C. oblonga paralectotype; (C) C. oblonga NHMUK 52.11.12.1 / 1947.3.5.90 (Swan River, WA, syntype of C. colliei); (D) C. kurrichalpongo NHMUK 42.1.12.123 (Port Essington, N.T.); (E) C. kurrichalpongo AMS R129353 (Cobourg Peninsula, NT). In C. oblonga (A, B, C) the sulcus between V1 and V2 (a) is usually straight; the microtopography of the medial portions of V2 and V3 (b) consists of broadly rounded nodules while the lateral portions (c) have narrow longitudinal striations and the vertebrals have shallow insertions (d) into pleurals. In C. kurrichalpongo (D, E) the sulcus between V1 and V2 (e) is usually curved; the microtopography is uniform across V2 and V3 (f); or the medial portions have narrow longitudinal striations (g), while lateral portions (h) tend to have more broadly rounded nodules and the vertebrals have deeper insertions (i) into pleurals. (photo (B) Katherine Child, courtesy of Oxford University Museum of Natural History); photo (E): Ross Sadlier).

FIGURE 8 in Morphology of the lectotype of Chelodina oblonga Gray 1841 (Testudines: Chelidae)

FIGURE 8. (A) Radiograph of C. oblonga lectotype. (B) Interpretive detail of skeletal carapace showing shape and size of hyoplastron sutures with costal 1 (arrowed); discernible portions of neurals (red) and sutural contact between nuchal (green) and peripheral 2 (blue) excluding peripheral 1 (yellow) from costal 1 (purple). (radiograph P. Campbell, courtesy of The Natural History Museum, London)

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Data from: New remains of the aquatic turtle Hydromedusa casamayorensis (Pleurodira, Chelidae) from the middle Eocene of Patagonia: taxonomic validation and phylogenetic relationships

Twenty- seven new specimens recovered from lower levels of the Sarmiento Formation (Casamayoran SALMA, middle Eocene) in the ¨Cañadón Hondo¨ area, Chubut (Argentina), bring new information on the Palaeogene long-necked chelid Hydromedusa casamayorensis.The discovery of cranial and postcranial remains allows a complete description of the only known extinct species of the genus Hydromedusa recognizing diagnostic characters that revalidate the taxonomic status of this species. Hydromedusa casamayorensis is incorporated into a cladistic framework of chelid turtles. The unconstrained and constrained phylogenetic analyses recovered H. casamayorensis as a sister taxon of Hydromedusa maximiliani plus H. tectifera. A Danian age is proposed at least for the origin of the Hydromedusa clade, while a Late Cretaceous is suggested for the age of the split from the Yaminuechelys clade. Great differences in size are documented for H. casamayorensis based on the various specimens recovered from this study. The osteohistological study in H. casamayorensis and H. tectifera shows similarities in the internal cortex and cancellous bone of both taxa, but some differences are observed in the external cortex of H. casamayorensis (e.g. a parallel fibered bone on the more external surface of this cortex).

FIGURE 13 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 13. Dorsal view of the skulls of A. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) rhodini, B. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) novaeguineae, C. Elseya (Elseya) dentata, and D. Elseya (Pelocomastes) albagula. fr—frontal, po—postorbital, pa—parietal, sosupraoccipital.

FIGURE 11 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 11. Lateral views of the skulls of A. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) rhodini, B. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) novaeguineae, C. Elseya (Elseya) dentata, and D. Elseya (Pelocomastes) albagula. po—postorbital, sq—squamosal, q—quadrate, j—jugal, mx—maxilla.

FIGURE 8 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 8. Dorsal, ventral and lateral views of the holotype PNGM R25204 of Elseya (Hanwarachelys) rhodini from Wau Creek, Kikori Drainage, Papua New Guinea. Scale: 20 mm.

FIGURE 6 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 6. Dorsal views of the holotypes of A. Elseya (H) schultzei (ZMB 22182) and B. Elseya (H) novaeguineae (MTD D8222).

FIGURE 12 in A new species and subgenus of Elseya (Testudines: Pleurodira: Chelidae) from New Guinea

FIGURE 12. Ventral views of the skulls of A. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) rhodini, B. Elseya (Hanwarachelys) novaeguineae, C. Elseya (Elseya) dentata, and D. Elseya (Pelocomastes) albagula. pm—premaxilla, mx—maxilla, pal—palatine, vo—vomer, bs—basisphenoid, bo—basooccipital. Also labelled are the alveolar and lingual ridges.