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opencc-by-4.0Dec 2015View details →

Fig. 1 in A new stygobitic prawn of the genus Macrobrachium Spence Bate, 1864, from anchialine caves in Christmas Island, Indian Ocean; with a rediagnosis of M. miyakoense Komai & Fujita, 2005 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae)

Fig. 1. Macrobrachium miyakoense Komai & Fujita, 2005, adult male (pocl 18.9 mm) from Miyako Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan (RUMF- ZC-2665). A, rostrum, carapace, and cephalic appendages, lateral view; B, eye (left side), ventral view (left), dorsal view (right); C, left second pereiopod, lateral view; D, same, chela (setae and spinules omitted); E, same, basal part of fingers, dorsal view; F, right second pereiopod, lateral view; G, same, basal part of fingers, dorsal view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

Fig. 1 in Uropterygius cyamommatus, a new moray eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from anchialine caves in Christmas Island, Australia, and Panglao Island, the Philippines

Fig. 1. Sampling map of Uropterygius cyamommatus, new species. Star for the holotype; circles for paratypes and non-type specimens; red symbols for specimens from Christmas Island; yellow symbol for specimens from Panglao Island.

Fig. 4 in Uropterygius cyamommatus, a new moray eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from anchialine caves in Christmas Island, Australia, and Panglao Island, the Philippines

Fig. 4. Uropterygius cyamommatus, new species, lateral view of head marked with cephalic sensory pores: red for supraorbital pores; green for infraorbital pores; blue for preoperculo-mandibular pores; yellow for the branchial pore. Arrow indicates the gill opening. Photo of WAM P.35403.001, holotype, 361 mm TL (photographed by HHT).

Fig. 6 in Uropterygius cyamommatus, a new moray eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from anchialine caves in Christmas Island, Australia, and Panglao Island, the Philippines

Fig. 6. Dentition of Uropterygius cyamommatus, new species, holotype, WAM P.35403.001. Upper jaw (left) and lower jaw (right). Dotted circles represent the sockets of missing teeth. Schematic drawings by WCH.

Fig. 5 in Uropterygius cyamommatus, a new moray eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from anchialine caves in Christmas Island, Australia, and Panglao Island, the Philippines

Fig. 5. Uropterygius cyamommatus, new species, lateral view of the head region of a specimen without the left eye. A, external view; B, radiograph showing the skeletal structure of orbital region. Photo of NMMB-P37200, paratype, 380 mm TL (photographed by HHT).

Fig. 3 in Uropterygius cyamommatus, a new moray eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from anchialine caves in Christmas Island, Australia, and Panglao Island, the Philippines

Fig. 3. Uropterygius cyamommatus, new species, holotype, WAM P.35403.001, 361 mm TL. A, fresh colouration (photographed by HHT); B, preserved colouration (photographed by WCH). Arrows indicate the position of anus.

Fig. 7 in Uropterygius cyamommatus, a new moray eel (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from anchialine caves in Christmas Island, Australia, and Panglao Island, the Philippines

Fig. 7. Radiograph showing the skeletal structure of Uropterygius cyamommatus, new species, ZRC 46849-1, 352 mm TL (photographed by HHT). Arrow indicates the position of anus.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2009View details →

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Figure 4 in The genus Floresorchestia (Amphipoda: Talitridae) on Cocos (Keeling) and Christmas Islands

Figure 4. Floresorchestia poorei sp. nov., paratype, male, 11.7 mm, AM P80193.

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Under the karst: detecting hidden subterranean assemblages using eDNA metabarcoding in the caves of Christmas Island, Australia

<p>Subterranean ecosystems are understudied and challenging to conventionally survey given the inaccessibility of underground voids and networks. In this study, we conducted a eukaryotic environmental (eDNA) metabarcoding survey across the karst landscape of Christmas Island, (Indian Ocean, Australia) to evaluate the utility of this non-invasive technique to detect subterranean aquatic 'stygofauna' assemblages. Three metabarcoding assays targeting the mitochondrial 16S rRNA and nuclear 18S genes were applied to 159 water and sediment samples collected from 23 caves and springs across the island. Taken together, our assays detected a wide diversity of chordates, cnidarians, porifera, arthropods, molluscs, annelids and bryozoans from 71 families across 60 orders. We report a high level of variation between cave and spring subterranean community compositions which are significantly influenced by varying levels of salinity. Additionally, we show that dissolved oxygen and longitudinal gradients significantly affect biotic assemblages within cave communities. Lastly, we combined eDNA-derived community composition and environmental (water quality) data to predict potential underground interconnectivity across Christmas Island. We identified three cave and spring groups that showed a high degree of biotic and abiotic similarity indicating likely local connectivity. This study demonstrates the applicability of eDNA metabarcoding to detect subterranean eukaryotic communities and explore underground interconnectivity.</p>

opencc-zeroAug 2020View details →

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Data from: A single panmictic population of endemic red crabs, Gecarcoidea natalis, on Christmas Island with high levels of genetic diversity

The red crab, Gecarcoidea natalis, is endemic to Christmas Island in the Indian Ocean and largely responsible for shaping the unique ecosystem found throughout the island's rainforests. However, the introduction and establishment of supercolonies of the highly invasive yellow crazy ant, Anoplolepis gracilipes, has decimated red crab numbers over the last several decades. This poses a significant risk to the future conservation of G. natalis and consequently threatens the integrity of the unique island ecosystem. Here we undertook a population genetic analysis of G. natalis using a combination of 11 microsatellite markers and sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene from samples collected on Christmas Island as well as a single location from North Keeling Island (located approximately 900 km west of Christmas Island). The genetic results indicate that G. natalis is a single panmictic population on Christmas Island, with no spatial genetic structure or restricted gene flow apparent between sampled locations. Further, G. natalis from North Keeling Island are not genetically distinct and are recent immigrants from Christmas Island. The effective population size of G. natalis has likely remained large and stable on Christmas Island throughout its evolutionary history with relatively moderate to high levels of genetic diversity in microsatellite loci and mitochondrial haplotypes assessed in this study. For management purposes G. natalis can be considered a single panmictic population, which should simplify conservation efforts for the genetic management of this iconic island species.

opencc-zeroDec 2013View details →

opennotspecifiedDec 2006View details →

FIGURE 3 in A new anchialine shrimp of the genus Procaris from Christmas Island: the first occurrence of the Procarididae in the Indian Ocean (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

FIGURE 3 Procaris noelensis sp. nov., holotype, Christmas Island. A, scaphocerite. B, same, distlateral angle. C, third maxilliped, ischium, distal edge to left. D, same, cutting edge. E, third pereiopod (?), propod and dactyl. F, uropods. G, same, posterolateral exopod.

opennotspecifiedDec 2006View details →

FIGURE 2 in A new anchialine shrimp of the genus Procaris from Christmas Island: the first occurrence of the Procarididae in the Indian Ocean (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

FIGURE 2 Procaris noelensis sp. nov., holotype, Christmas Island. Anterior carapace and appendages, lateral. B, same, dorsal. C, eye, upper, dorsal; lower, lateral. D, antennule. E, antenna.

opennotspecifiedDec 2006View details →

FIGURE 4 in A new anchialine shrimp of the genus Procaris from Christmas Island: the first occurrence of the Procarididae in the Indian Ocean (Crustacea: Decapoda: Caridea)

FIGURE 4 The preferred of the two most parsimonious trees; character states marked with solid black circles are nonhomoplasious and unambiguous changes. All unsupported nodes are shown collapsed.

FIGURE 4. Google Earth 2015 in Checklist of Recent thecideoid brachiopods from the Indian Ocean and Red Sea, with a description of a new species of Thecidellina from Europa Island and a re-description of T. blochmanni Dall from Christmas Island

FIGURE 4. Google Earth 2015 Digital Globe map of Christmas Island, showing collecting areas for Thecidellina blochmanni and T. cf. blochmanni at Flying Fish Cove and West White Beach (Bay), respectively. Flying Fish Cove coordinates are lat. 10° 25'S, long. 105° 40'E.

FIGURE 2 in Checklist of Recent thecideoid brachiopods from the Indian Ocean and Red Sea, with a description of a new species of Thecidellina from Europa Island and a re-description of T. blochmanni Dall from Christmas Island

FIGURE 2. NASA image IS-5005-E-9408 of Europa Island, showing collecting locality Anse Gabriel (AG). Centre Point coordinates are lat. 22° 30'S, long. 40° 30'E.

FIGURE 3. Thecidellina blochmanni Dall, 1920 in Checklist of Recent thecideoid brachiopods from the Indian Ocean and Red Sea, with a description of a new species of Thecidellina from Europa Island and a re-description of T. blochmanni Dall from Christmas Island

FIGURE 3. Thecidellina blochmanni Dall, 1920 (A–O). A–E. SEMs of different views of the dorsal valve of the suggested neotype ZMB Bra 205 from Flying Fish Cove, Christmas Island. F–J. SEMs of similar views of a young specimen, topotype ZMB Bra 204 from the same locality. K–O SEMs of similar views of WAM 211798 specimen identified here as T. cf. blochmanni from West White Beach, Christmas Island. All specimens show the cardinal process of the dorsal valve with prominent median keel, large diductor scars with elevated median ridge, and massive calcitic deposits, ("bouffant-like" in 3K) in anterior part of brachial lobes. See text for dimensions. All specimens in MfN, Berlin.

FIGURE 1 in Checklist of Recent thecideoid brachiopods from the Indian Ocean and Red Sea, with a description of a new species of Thecidellina from Europa Island and a re-description of T. blochmanni Dall from Christmas Island

FIGURE 1. Thecidellina europa sp. nov., all specimens from Anse Gabriel, cave, 55m, Europa Island. A–H. Holotype, A. External view, showing both valves. B. Valves of previous specimen separated to show internal details of the ventral valve. C– D. Cardinal area of previous specimen tilted and enlarged to show planodeltidium, teeth, hemispondylium and curved prongs. E–H. Interior of dorsal valve of holotype. E. Showing details of the median septum and deep visceral cavities. F–G. Enlargement of posterior end of dorsal valve, showing cardinal process, spur (sp) and part of the brachial bridge. H. Side view, showing shell sloping upwards posteriorly and details of the median septum and tuberculate shell. I. Paratype 1, dorsal valve interior, showing lophophore, median septum and cardinal process with diductor muscles attached. J. Paratype 2, dorsal valve interior with cardinal process, bridge and spine, K. Paratype 3, ventral valve interior showing deep visceral cavities separated by prominent central ridge. L. Paratype 4, dorsal valve interior with finely spiculate canopy. M. Paratype 5, ventral valve interior, showing tooth (t), lateral adductor muscles (a), submedian adductor muscles (s) diductor muscles (d), and prongs (p), the latter attached to a flat hemispondylium centrally placed and attached to the valve floor. N. Paratype 6, dorsal valve showing cluster of diductor (d) muscles attached to the cardinal process. O. Paratype 7, ventral valve hinge area, showing same muscles as in M but with the proximal termination of the hemispondylium (hs) curled up free of the valve floor. All figures are scanning electron micrographs. See text for dimensions and specimen numbers. All specimens in NBM, Saint John.

opennotspecifiedDec 2017View details →

FIGURES 8–9 in First record of Cephenniini on Christmas Island, with updated checklist of world Cephennomicrus species and summary of their distribution (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)

FIGURES 8–9. Distribution of Cephennomicrus lawrencei sp. n. within Sundaland (8) and Christmas Island (9).

opennotspecifiedDec 2017View details →

FIGURES 1–7 in First record of Cephenniini on Christmas Island, with updated checklist of world Cephennomicrus species and summary of their distribution (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Scydmaeninae)

FIGURES 1–7. Cephennomicrus lawrencei sp. n., holotype male; dorsal habitus (1); pronotum and head in dorsal view (2); aedeagus in ventral (3, 5) and lateral (4, 7) views; details of flagellum and lateral sclerites in ventral view (6).